Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer: evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers —including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, b...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
The magnitude and direction of the relationship between risk factor and cognition depends on age: a pooled analysis of 5 community-based studies
AbstractThe mixed evidence of the association between high levels of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and the risk for cognitive impairment may be due to confounding of age across studies. We pooled and harmonized individual-level data (30,967 persons, age range 42 –96 years) from five prospective cohorts to investigate by 1 year age increments to investigate whether or not there is change in slope describing the association of CVRF to a cognitive outcome (Digit Symbol Substitution Test; DSST). The CVRF included: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, tota l cholesterol, fasting glucose and body mass index. Linear an...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality in Sweden —Did it differ across socioeconomic groups?
AbstractThe characterization of the socioeconomic profile of COVID-19 mortality is limited. Likewise, the mapping of potential indirect adverse outcomes of the pandemic, such as suicide and alcohol abuse, along socioeconomic lines is still meagre. The main aim of this paper is to (i) depict SES-differences in COVID-19 mortality, and (ii) to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide and alcohol mortality across socioeconomic groups. We used Swedish monthly data spanning the period January 2016 –December 2021. We chose education as indicator of socioeconomic status (SES). The following causes of deaths were inc...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer: evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers —including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, b...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Evaluating agreement between evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition: a meta-research replication study
AbstractThis meta-research study aims to evaluate the agreement of effect estimates between bodies of evidence (BoE) from RCTs and cohort studies included in the same nutrition evidence synthesis, to identify factors associated with disagreement, and to replicate the findings of a previous study. We searched Medline, Epistemonikos and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for nutrition systematic reviews that included both RCTs and cohort studies for the same patient-relevant outcome or intermediate-disease marker. We rated similarity of PI/ECO (population, intervention/exposure, comparison, outcome) between BoE from...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Cohort profile: Beijing Healthy Aging Cohort Study (BHACS)
AbstractThe Beijing Healthy Aging Cohort Study (BHACS) was established to supplement the limited data of a large representative cohort of older people based on the general population and was designed to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, and natural history of cognitive decline, functional disability, and conventional vascular risk factors. The aim was to determine the evolution of these conditions by estimating the rates and determinants of progression and regression to adverse outcomes, including dementia, cardiovascular events, cancer, and all-cause death. It can therefore provide evidence to help policy makers develop...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Impact of organised colorectal cancer screening on age-specific population incidences: evidence from a quasi-experimental study in Sweden
AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) incurs a significant disease burden globally. Organised CRC screening programmes have been widely implemented for early detection and prevention. To understand the public health impact of these programmes, quantitative evidence of changes in overall and age-specific population incidences is fundamental. We aimed to provide such evidence by exploiting a time lag in the implementation of organised screening in Sweden: two out of 21 regions (these two regions comprise nearly 20% of the total Swedish population) have offered organised screening since 2008; the other regions have offered CRC scre...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Authors ’ Reply: Statistical inference and effect measures in abstracts of randomized trials, 1975-2021
(Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Re: Statistical inference and effect measures in abstracts of randomized trials, 1975-2021
(Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Evaluating agreement between evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition: a meta-research replication study
AbstractThis meta-research study aims to evaluate the agreement of effect estimates between bodies of evidence (BoE) from RCTs and cohort studies included in the same nutrition evidence synthesis, to identify factors associated with disagreement, and to replicate the findings of a previous study. We searched Medline, Epistemonikos and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for nutrition systematic reviews that included both RCTs and cohort studies for the same patient-relevant outcome or intermediate-disease marker. We rated similarity of PI/ECO (population, intervention/exposure, comparison, outcome) between BoE from...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Cohort profile: Beijing Healthy Aging Cohort Study (BHACS)
AbstractThe Beijing Healthy Aging Cohort Study (BHACS) was established to supplement the limited data of a large representative cohort of older people based on the general population and was designed to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, and natural history of cognitive decline, functional disability, and conventional vascular risk factors. The aim was to determine the evolution of these conditions by estimating the rates and determinants of progression and regression to adverse outcomes, including dementia, cardiovascular events, cancer, and all-cause death. It can therefore provide evidence to help policy makers develop...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Impact of organised colorectal cancer screening on age-specific population incidences: evidence from a quasi-experimental study in Sweden
AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) incurs a significant disease burden globally. Organised CRC screening programmes have been widely implemented for early detection and prevention. To understand the public health impact of these programmes, quantitative evidence of changes in overall and age-specific population incidences is fundamental. We aimed to provide such evidence by exploiting a time lag in the implementation of organised screening in Sweden: two out of 21 regions (these two regions comprise nearly 20% of the total Swedish population) have offered organised screening since 2008; the other regions have offered CRC scre...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Authors ’ Reply: Statistical inference and effect measures in abstracts of randomized trials, 1975-2021
(Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Re: Statistical inference and effect measures in abstracts of randomized trials, 1975-2021
(Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Occupational solar exposure and basal cell carcinoma. A review of the epidemiologic literature with meta-analysis focusing on particular methodological aspects
ConclusionDue to the different associations between occupational solar exposure and BCC among studies with low and high RoSB, we reason that the current epidemiologic evidence base does not permit the conclusion that regular outdoor workers have an increased risk of BCC. (Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 3, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
