Low-dose aspirin and risk of breast cancer: a Norwegian population-based cohort study of one million women
AbstractSeveral studies evaluated the association between aspirin use and risk of breast cancer (BC), with inconsistent results. We identified women aged ≥ 50 years residing in Norway between 2004 and 2018, and linked data from nationwide registries; including the Cancer Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Prescription Database, and national health surveys. We used Cox regression models to estimate the association between low-dose aspirin use a nd BC risk, overall and by BC characteristics, women’s age and body mass index (BMI), adjusting for sociodemographic factors and use of other medications. We included 1,083,...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 6, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
How should we speak about years of life lost (YLL) values?
(Source: European Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 6, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Twenty-year trajectories of cardio-metabolic factors among people with type 2 diabetes by dementia status in England: a retrospective cohort study
AbstractTo assess 20-year retrospective trajectories of cardio-metabolic factors preceding dementia diagnosis among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We identified 227,145 people with T2D aged > 42 years between 1999 and 2018. Annual mean levels of eight routinely measured cardio-metabolic factors were extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Multivariable multilevel piecewise and non-piecewise growth curve models assessed retrospective trajectories of cardio-metabolic fac tors by dementia status from up to 19 years preceding dementia diagnosis (dementia) or last contact with healthcare (no dement...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 4, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Serum neurofilament light chain, brain infarcts, and the risk of stroke: a prospective population-based cohort study
AbstractNeurofilament light chain (NfL), a neuron-specific protein, has been related to several neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, elevated levels of NfL have also been observed in patients admitted to the hospital for stroke, suggesting that NfL as a biomarker may extend well beyond neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, using data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP), a population-based cohort study, we prospectively investigated the association of serum NfL levels with incident stroke and brain infarcts. During a follow-up of 3603 person-years, 133 (16.3%) individuals developed incident stroke, includi...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - March 3, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Impact of interventions scenarios targeting three main vascular risk factors on the future burden of dementia in France
AbstractThe epidemiological and societal burden of dementia is expected to increase in the coming decades due to the world population aging. In this context, the evaluation of the potential impact of intervention scenarios aiming at reducing the prevalence of dementia risk factors is an active area of research. However, such studies must account for the associated changes in mortality and the dependence between the risk factors. Using micro-simulations, this study aims to estimate the changes in dementia burden in France in 2040 according to intervention scenarios targeting the prevention or treatment of hypertension, diab...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - February 28, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Prognostic models in COVID-19 infection that predict severity: a systematic review
AbstractCurrent evidence on COVID-19 prognostic models is inconsistent and clinical applicability remains controversial. We performed a systematic review to summarize and critically appraise the available studies that have developed, assessed and/or validated prognostic models of COVID-19 predicting health outcomes. We searched six bibliographic databases to identify published articles that investigated univariable and multivariable prognostic models predicting adverse outcomes in adult COVID-19 patients, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation, high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT), extracorporeal membrane oxyg...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - February 25, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Accuracy of congenital anomaly coding in live birth children recorded in European health care databases, a EUROlinkCAT study
AbstractElectronic health care databases are increasingly being used to investigate the epidemiology of congenital anomalies (CAs) although there are concerns about their accuracy. The EUROlinkCAT project linked data from eleven EUROCAT registries to electronic hospital databases. The coding of CAs in electronic hospital databases was compared to the (gold standard) codes in the EUROCAT registries. For birth years 2010 –2014 all linked live birth CA cases and all children identified in the hospital databases with a CA code were analysed. Registries calculated sensitivity and Positive Predictive Value (PPV) for 17 selecte...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - February 18, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Comparative effectiveness of contact tracing interventions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
AbstractContact tracing is a non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) widely used in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Its effectiveness may depend on a number of factors including the proportion of contacts traced, delays in tracing, the mode of contact tracing (e.g. forward, backward or bidirectional contact training), the types of contacts who are traced (e.g. contacts of index cases or contacts of contacts of index cases), or the setting where contacts are traced (e.g. the household or the workplace). We performed a systematic review of the evidence regarding the comparative effectiveness of contact tracing interventi...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - February 16, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AbstractThe carcinogenicity of opium consumption was recently evaluated by a Working Group convened by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). We supplement the recent IARC evaluation by conducting an extended systematic review as well as a quantitative meta-analytic assessment of the role of opium consumption and risk for selected cancers, evaluating in detail various aspects of study quality on meta-analytic findings. We searched the published literature to identify all relevant studies on opium consumption and risk of selected cancers in humans through 31 October, 2022. Meta-relative risks (mRRs) and ass...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - February 11, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
