Bias in vaccine effectiveness studies of clinically severe outcomes that are measured with low specificity: the example of COVID-19-related hospitalisation
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2300259.ABSTRACTMany vaccine effectiveness (VE) analyses of severe disease outcomes such as hospitalisation and death include 'false' cases that are not actually caused by the infection or disease under study. While the inclusion of such false cases inflate outcome rates in both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, it is less obvious how they affect estimates of VE. Illustrating the main points through simple examples, this article shows how VE is underestimated when false cases are included as outcomes. Depending how the outcome indicator is defined, e...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Christian Holm Hansen Source Type: research
2023/24 mid-season influenza and Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness estimates from the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN)
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2400076.ABSTRACTThe Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network reports mid-season 2023/24 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 63% (95% CI: 51-72) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, lower for clade 5a.2a.1 (56%; 95% CI: 33-71) than clade 5a.2a (67%; 95% CI: 48-80), and lowest against influenza A(H3N2) (40%; 95% CI: 5-61). The Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine protected comparably well, with VE of 47% (95% CI: 21-65) against medically attended COVID-19, higher among people reporting a prior confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at 67% (95% CI: 28-85).PMID:38362622 |...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Danuta M Skowronski Yuping Zhan Samantha E Kaweski Suzana Sabaiduc Ayisha Khalid Romy Olsha Sara Carazo James A Dickinson Richard G Mather Hugues Charest Agatha N Jassem In ès Levade Maan Hasso Nathan Zelyas Ruimin Gao Nathalie Bastien Source Type: research
Letter to the editor: Further identification of a measles variant displaying mutations impacting molecular diagnostics, Northern Italy, 2024
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.29.7.2400079.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38362623 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.29.7.2400079 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Clara Fappani Maria Gori Silvia Bianchi Marta Canuti Daniela Colzani Melissa Baggieri Silvia Gioacchini Emilio D'Ugo Elisabetta Tanzi Fabio Magurano Antonella Amendola Source Type: research
Epidemiology of reported cases of leptospirosis in the EU/EEA, 2010 to 2021
ConclusionThe notification rate of leptospirosis at EU/EEA level increased during 2010-2021 despite including the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated changes in population behaviours. Studies at (sub)national level would help broaden the understanding of differences at country-level and specificities in terms of exposure to Leptospira, as well as biases in diagnosis and reporting.PMID:38362624 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2300266 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Julien Beaut é Francesco Innocenti Aristos Aristodimou Michaela Špačková Caroline Eves Natalia Kerbo Ruska Rimhanen-Finne Mathieu Picardeau Mirko Faber Georgios Dougas Anna Margr ét Halldórsdóttir Sarah Jackson Viktorija Leit ēna Anne Vergison Mar Source Type: research
Gonorrhoea on the rise in Denmark since 2022: distinct clones drive increase in heterosexual individuals
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2400059.ABSTRACTA surge in gonorrhoea in Denmark has occurred since 2022, a 46% increase from 2021. National surveillance, leveraging mandatory reporting and epidemiological data, highlights three distinct clades linked to heterosexual transmission. Despite the rise, these exhibit high susceptibility, contrasting MSM-associated strains. Geographical hotspots and age-specific patterns further illuminate transmission dynamics. The combination of genomic and epidemiological data provides novel insights into the evolving landscape of gonorrhoea, indicating pote...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Thomas Roland Pedersen Maria Wessman Mikkel Lindegaard S øren Hallstrøm Casper Westergaard Inger Brock Esad Dzajic Dennis Back Holmgaard Christian Salg ård Jensen Ulrik Stenz Justesen Jette Brommann Kornum Turid Snekloth S øndergaard Marianne Kragh Th Source Type: research
Estimation of antimicrobial resistance of < em > Mycoplasma genitalium, < /em > Belgium, 2022
ConclusionAlthough limited in sample size, our data suggest no additional benefit of testing MG retrieved from MSM for macrolide resistance in Belgium, when making treatment decisions. The lower occurrence of macrolide resistance in other population groups, combined with emergence of fluoroquinolone RAMs support macrolide-resistance testing in these groups. Continued surveillance of resistance in MG in different population groups will be crucial to confirm our findings and to guide national testing and treatment strategies.PMID:38362626 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2300318 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Irith De Baetselier Hilde Smet Kaat Kehoe Imelda Loosen Marijke Reynders Iqbal Mansoor Lorenzo Filippin Mathieu Cauchie Ellen Van Even Nadia Makki Gilberte Schiettekatte Wouter Vandewal Bart Glibert Veerle Matheeussen Yolien Van der Beken Reinoud Cartuyve Source Type: research
Bias in vaccine effectiveness studies of clinically severe outcomes that are measured with low specificity: the example of COVID-19-related hospitalisation
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2300259.ABSTRACTMany vaccine effectiveness (VE) analyses of severe disease outcomes such as hospitalisation and death include 'false' cases that are not actually caused by the infection or disease under study. While the inclusion of such false cases inflate outcome rates in both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, it is less obvious how they affect estimates of VE. Illustrating the main points through simple examples, this article shows how VE is underestimated when false cases are included as outcomes. Depending how the outcome indicator is defined, e...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Christian Holm Hansen Source Type: research
2023/24 mid-season influenza and Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness estimates from the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN)
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2400076.ABSTRACTThe Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network reports mid-season 2023/24 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 63% (95% CI: 51-72) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, lower for clade 5a.2a.1 (56%; 95% CI: 33-71) than clade 5a.2a (67%; 95% CI: 48-80), and lowest against influenza A(H3N2) (40%; 95% CI: 5-61). The Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine protected comparably well, with VE of 47% (95% CI: 21-65) against medically attended COVID-19, higher among people reporting a prior confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at 67% (95% CI: 28-85).PMID:38362622 |...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Danuta M Skowronski Yuping Zhan Samantha E Kaweski Suzana Sabaiduc Ayisha Khalid Romy Olsha Sara Carazo James A Dickinson Richard G Mather Hugues Charest Agatha N Jassem In ès Levade Maan Hasso Nathan Zelyas Ruimin Gao Nathalie Bastien Source Type: research
Letter to the editor: Further identification of a measles variant displaying mutations impacting molecular diagnostics, Northern Italy, 2024
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.29.7.2400079.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38362623 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.29.7.2400079 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Clara Fappani Maria Gori Silvia Bianchi Marta Canuti Daniela Colzani Melissa Baggieri Silvia Gioacchini Emilio D'Ugo Elisabetta Tanzi Fabio Magurano Antonella Amendola Source Type: research
Epidemiology of reported cases of leptospirosis in the EU/EEA, 2010 to 2021
ConclusionThe notification rate of leptospirosis at EU/EEA level increased during 2010-2021 despite including the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated changes in population behaviours. Studies at (sub)national level would help broaden the understanding of differences at country-level and specificities in terms of exposure to Leptospira, as well as biases in diagnosis and reporting.PMID:38362624 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2300266 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Julien Beaut é Francesco Innocenti Aristos Aristodimou Michaela Špačková Caroline Eves Natalia Kerbo Ruska Rimhanen-Finne Mathieu Picardeau Mirko Faber Georgios Dougas Anna Margr ét Halldórsdóttir Sarah Jackson Viktorija Leit ēna Anne Vergison Mar Source Type: research
Gonorrhoea on the rise in Denmark since 2022: distinct clones drive increase in heterosexual individuals
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2400059.ABSTRACTA surge in gonorrhoea in Denmark has occurred since 2022, a 46% increase from 2021. National surveillance, leveraging mandatory reporting and epidemiological data, highlights three distinct clades linked to heterosexual transmission. Despite the rise, these exhibit high susceptibility, contrasting MSM-associated strains. Geographical hotspots and age-specific patterns further illuminate transmission dynamics. The combination of genomic and epidemiological data provides novel insights into the evolving landscape of gonorrhoea, indicating pote...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Thomas Roland Pedersen Maria Wessman Mikkel Lindegaard S øren Hallstrøm Casper Westergaard Inger Brock Esad Dzajic Dennis Back Holmgaard Christian Salg ård Jensen Ulrik Stenz Justesen Jette Brommann Kornum Turid Snekloth S øndergaard Marianne Kragh Th Source Type: research
Estimation of antimicrobial resistance of < em > Mycoplasma genitalium, < /em > Belgium, 2022
ConclusionAlthough limited in sample size, our data suggest no additional benefit of testing MG retrieved from MSM for macrolide resistance in Belgium, when making treatment decisions. The lower occurrence of macrolide resistance in other population groups, combined with emergence of fluoroquinolone RAMs support macrolide-resistance testing in these groups. Continued surveillance of resistance in MG in different population groups will be crucial to confirm our findings and to guide national testing and treatment strategies.PMID:38362626 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2300318 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Irith De Baetselier Hilde Smet Kaat Kehoe Imelda Loosen Marijke Reynders Iqbal Mansoor Lorenzo Filippin Mathieu Cauchie Ellen Van Even Nadia Makki Gilberte Schiettekatte Wouter Vandewal Bart Glibert Veerle Matheeussen Yolien Van der Beken Reinoud Cartuyve Source Type: research
Bias in vaccine effectiveness studies of clinically severe outcomes that are measured with low specificity: the example of COVID-19-related hospitalisation
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2300259.ABSTRACTMany vaccine effectiveness (VE) analyses of severe disease outcomes such as hospitalisation and death include 'false' cases that are not actually caused by the infection or disease under study. While the inclusion of such false cases inflate outcome rates in both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, it is less obvious how they affect estimates of VE. Illustrating the main points through simple examples, this article shows how VE is underestimated when false cases are included as outcomes. Depending how the outcome indicator is defined, e...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Christian Holm Hansen Source Type: research
2023/24 mid-season influenza and Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness estimates from the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN)
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.7.2400076.ABSTRACTThe Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network reports mid-season 2023/24 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 63% (95% CI: 51-72) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, lower for clade 5a.2a.1 (56%; 95% CI: 33-71) than clade 5a.2a (67%; 95% CI: 48-80), and lowest against influenza A(H3N2) (40%; 95% CI: 5-61). The Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine protected comparably well, with VE of 47% (95% CI: 21-65) against medically attended COVID-19, higher among people reporting a prior confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at 67% (95% CI: 28-85).PMID:38362622 |...
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Danuta M Skowronski Yuping Zhan Samantha E Kaweski Suzana Sabaiduc Ayisha Khalid Romy Olsha Sara Carazo James A Dickinson Richard G Mather Hugues Charest Agatha N Jassem In ès Levade Maan Hasso Nathan Zelyas Ruimin Gao Nathalie Bastien Source Type: research
Letter to the editor: Further identification of a measles variant displaying mutations impacting molecular diagnostics, Northern Italy, 2024
Euro Surveill. 2024 Feb;29(7). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.29.7.2400079.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38362623 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.29.7.2400079 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - February 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Clara Fappani Maria Gori Silvia Bianchi Marta Canuti Daniela Colzani Melissa Baggieri Silvia Gioacchini Emilio D'Ugo Elisabetta Tanzi Fabio Magurano Antonella Amendola Source Type: research
