Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Using zebrafish to assess the effect of chronic, early developmental exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin
Publication date: Available online 22 February 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): M. Ng, K. DeCicco-Skinner, V.P. ConnaughtonAbstractEnvironmental contaminants can deleteriously affect aquatic animals. One such contaminant is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a long-prescribed chemotherapeutic drug. Leucovorin (LV) is co-administered with 5-FU, potentiating its effects. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were reared in ng/L treatments of either 5-FU, LV, or a combined 5-FU/LV mixture for 8 dy. Survival was measured daily and swimming behavior assessed every other day. After 8 dy, larval length was measure...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 23, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Effect of air pre-exposure on Tetrabromobisphenol A resistance in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum
Publication date: Available online 22 February 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Fengxiao Hu, Yuan Yuan, Ruo Yang, Weini Zhang, Xinhua ChenAbstractThe present study was conducted to evaluate how air pre-exposure influences the responses in gills and digestive gland of Ruditapes philippinarum on subsequent Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) exposure. Firstly, clams were maintained in seawater or pre-exposed to air for 24 h, and then exposed to 0 or 100 μg/L TBBPA. Clam tissues were sampled after 1 day (T1) and 7 days (T7) of exposure to TBBPA. The results showed that in comparison with TBBPA ex...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 23, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Optimised method for determination hypoglycine A in maple plant material by multidimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Publication date: Available online 21 February 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Petr Doležal, Jana Doležalová, Tereza Morávková, Roman StupkaAbstractIn 2018, more than 50 cases of horse death by equine atypical myopathy (AM) were reported in the Czech Republic. This disease is often associated with the toxin hypoglycine A (HGA), which is found in several maple plant materials. To monitor this toxin in products of these trees that grow in or around horse pastures, a rapid and inexpensive analytical method that can provide the required accuracy is needed.Until now, maple samples have been ...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 21, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Ecotoxicological effects of alpha-cypermethrin on freshwater alga Chlorella sp.: Growth inhibition and oxidative stress studies
Publication date: May 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 76Author(s): Prithu Baruah, Neha ChaurasiaAbstractAlpha-cypermethrin (ACy) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in agricultural practices for controlling a broad range of insect pests particularly belonging to the order Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. The present study aims to evaluate the toxic effect of ACy on microalgae by studying its influence on Chlorella sp. According to our knowledge, this is the first detailed study of ACy toxicity on microalgae. Significant growth inhibition of Chlorella sp. was observed at high ACy con...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Pulmonary protective efficacy of S-2[2-aminoethylamino] ethyl phenyl sulphide (DRDE-07) and its analogues against sulfur mustard induced toxicity in mice
Publication date: Available online 8 February 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): A.K. Soni, A.S.B. Bhaskar, U. Pathak, D.P. Nagar, A.K. Gupta, G.M. KannanAbstractOur previous study showed that percutaneous sulfur mustard (SM) exposure induced pulmonary toxicity, which was attenuated by DRDE-07 (S-2[2-aminoethylamino] ethyl phenyl sulphide) pretreatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective efficacy of DRDE-07 and its analogues viz., DRDE-30 (S-2(2-aminoethyl amino)ethyl propyl sulphide) and DRDE-35 (S-2(2-aminoethyl amino)ethyl butyl sulphide) against SM. Thirty minutes before per...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 9, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Evaluation of potential environmental toxicity of polymeric nanomaterials and surfactants
Publication date: Available online 7 February 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Indra Hering, Elke Eilebrecht, Michael J. Parnham, Nazende Günday-Türeli, Akif Emre Türeli, Marc Weiler, Christoph Schäfers, Martina Fenske, Matthias G. WackerAbstractNanomaterials have gained huge importance in various fields including nanomedicine. Nanoformulations of drugs and nanocarriers are used to increase pharmaceutical potency. However, it was seen that polymeric nanomaterials can cause negative effects. Thus, it is essential to identify nanomaterials with the least adverse effects on aquatic organisms...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 9, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Effects of pH and nitrites on the toxicity of a cypermethrin-based pesticide to zebrafish embryos
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pH and nitrite variation on the toxicity of the cypermethrin based pesticide Barrage®. Zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were exposed to a combination of pH or nitrite and cypermethrin through the Barrage® formulation for 96 hours and lethal and developmental endpoints assessed. Concerning mortality, pH seemed to increase Barrage® toxicity, while nitrite concentrations tested did not seem to change Barrage® lethality. At sublethal level, either for combinations involving pH or nitrites, results suggest some interactive effects of environmental and chemical fact...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 9, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Immune status of Oreochromis niloticus subjected to long-term lead nitrate exposure and a Arthrospira platensis treatment trial
In this study, the impacts of lead toxicity on Oreochromisniloticus were investigated. Additionally, the potential ameliorative effects of the Spirulina algae Arthrospira platensis were evaluated. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of PbNO3 was determined to be 143.3 mg/l for O. niloticus weighing 42 ± 2.5 g. O. niloticus were exposed to 10% of the estimated PbNO3 LC50 for 12 weeks. The cumulative mortality rate (CMR) increased with exposure time. The results of assays for red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and ...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 5, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Disruption of Synaptic Expression Pattern and Age-related DNA oxidation in a Neuronal Model of Lead-induced Toxicity
Publication date: Available online 3 February 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Zuntao Wu, Lin Bai, Yunqi Tu, Lijie Zhang, Yue Ba, Huizhen Zhang, Xing Li, Xuemin Cheng, Wenjie Li, Hui HuangAbstractLead (Pb) is recognized as a potent inducer of synaptic toxicity generally associated with reduced synaptic transmission and increased neuronal fiber excitability, becoming an environmental risk for neurodegenerative processes. Despite numerous toxicological studies on Pb have been directed to the developing brain, attention concerning long-term consequences of pubertal chronic Pb exposure on neurona...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 4, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Mechanistic perspective of protective effects of nilotinib against cisplatin-induced testicular injury in rats: role of JNK/caspase-3 signaling inhibition
In conclusion, nilotinib refinement of cisplatin induced testicular toxicity is attributed to enhancing antioxidant capabilities, decreasing apoptotic signals and restoring regenerative capacity of testes suggesting nilotinib to be used in conjunction with cisplatin in treatment protocols to avoid cisplatin induced long term testicular toxicity. (Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology)
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 4, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Effects of tetracycline on the relationship between the microbial community and oxidative stress in earthworms based on canonical correlation analysis
In this study, Eisenia fetida was taken as the test organism and tetracycline was taken as the stress compound. The artificial soil test was conducted to study the utilization intensity of different carbon sources (the Biolog-microplate supplied) by microorganisms under different stress times and stress concentrations. The changes in the in vivo key enzymes activities of earthworms and oxidative stress indicators, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), were explored. The canonical correlation analysis method was the first used to establish a analysis-model to explore the relationship between the functional diversity of microbial c...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 2, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Beauvericin: the beauty and the beast
Publication date: Available online 31 January 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Caloni Francesca, Fossati Paola, Anadón Arturo, Bertero AlessiaAbstractBeauvericin (BEA) is a natural bioactive compound, with a dual nature. On the one hand, the peculiar characteristics of its molecule confer to BEA interesting properties, such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, insecticidal and anticarcinogenic activities. On the other hand, it is a natural contaminant of food and feed commodities, and an emerging mycotoxin, but lacks a toxicological risk assessment evaluation for long term...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - February 2, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Safety of emamectin benzoate administered in feed to Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.)
This study evaluated the safety of EB-dosing in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus at the recommended dose and dosage of 50 µg/kg biomass/day for 7 consecutive days (1X) and compared with control and 10 times the recommended dose (10X). Depletion of EB-residues in the edible muscle of 1X-dosed Nile tilapia was also studied. Mortality, behavioural changes, feed consumption, biomass, EB-residue depletion, and histopathological alterations in the kidney, liver and intestine were determined at slated intervals. Significant dose-dependent reduction in feed intake and biomass and insignificant mortalities were noted in 1X and...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - January 31, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Ecotoxicological effects of alpha-cypermethrin on freshwater alga Chlorella sp: growth inhibition and oxidative stress studies
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Prithu Baruah, Neha ChaurasiaAbstractAlpha-cypermethrin (ACy) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in agricultural practices for controlling a broad range of insect pests particularly belonging to the order Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. The present study aims to evaluate the toxic effect of ACy on microalgae by studying its influence on Chlorella sp. According to our knowledge, this is the first detailed study of ACy toxicity on microalgae.Significant growth inhibition of Chlorella sp. was observed at ...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - January 31, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: February 2020Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 74Author(s): (Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology)
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - January 30, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research