Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by inflammatory lung injury and carries a global mortality rate near 40%.1 It occurs in approximately 6-10% of patients with respiratory failure who are admitted through the emergency department.2,3 Even within the context of the intensive care unit, the diagnosis is missed in up to half of all patients meeting criteria for the disease.1 Early recognition is critical to ensure that evidence-based therapies can be implemented without delay. (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - May 9, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Alin Gragossian, Matthew T. Siuba Source Type: research

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
Respiratory and Airway Emergencies (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

North American Envenomation Syndromes
This review discusses the distinct envenomation syndromes produced by North American species of snakes and arthropods, specifically the Crotalinae subfamily of snakes, which includes cottonmouths, copperheads, and rattlesnakes; coral snakes; Latrodectus and Loxosceles species of arachnid; and Centruroides sculpturatus, the only species of North American scorpion capable of producing an envenomation syndrome. The authors discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and presentation of these syndromes and emphasize the varying degrees to which these syndromes can manifest clinically. Finally, the management of each envenomatio...
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: George P. Warpinski, Anne-Michelle Ruha Source Type: research

Toxicology Emergencies
I recently cared for an elderly patient who presented to the emergency department for weakness and lightheadedness. During my evaluation, I asked the patient about her medications, and she pulled out a large bag. The bag contained 26 bottles of her medications...and unbelievably she was compliant with each one! Unfortunately, as I looked through the bottles, I discovered that she was taking two separate dosages of the same calcium-channel blocker and two separate dosages of the same beta-blocker, each prescribed by different providers. (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Amal Mattu Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

The Expanding Complexity of Poisonings Encountered in Emergency Medicine
Innumerable potential toxins can inflict harm on humans, including pharmaceuticals, herbals, household products, environmental agents, occupational chemicals, substance use/misuse, and chemical terrorism threats. From the beginnings of written history, poisons and their effects have been well described. Paracelsus (1493 –1541) correctly noted that “[a]ll substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison….” As life in the modern era has become more complex, so has the study of poisons and the treatment of the patient inflicted with toxicity. (Source: Emergency Medici...
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Christopher P. Holstege, Joshua D. King Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Toxicology Emergencies
EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Christopher P. Holstege, Joshua D. King Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Contributors
AMAL MATTU, MD, FAAEM, FACEP (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Contents
Amal Mattu (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Respiratory and Airway Emergencies (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Emerging Agents of Substance Use/Misuse
Over the last decade, the use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) has increased. Some substances are derived from plants but an increasing number are synthetically produced. Examples include synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, kratom, phenibut, designer opioids, and benzodiazepines. These substances have a wide variety of effects due to the varied potency with which they bind their targeted receptors. Routine immunoassay urine drug screens do not detect these substances and it is, therefore, important for clinicians to be aware of these substances to make accurate clinical diagnoses. (Source: Emergency Medicin...
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 5, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Avery E. Michienzi, Heather A. Borek Source Type: research

Metabolic Acidosis
Numerous drugs and toxins can cause metabolic acidosis. The treating clinician should be aware of the many compounds that can produce metabolic acidosis following an accidental exposure, an overdose, or with therapeutic use. Awareness and comprehension of those substances associated with metabolic acidosis will facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of poisoned patients. (Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America)
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 5, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Bryan S. Judge Source Type: research

Utilizing the Toxicology Laboratory in the Poisoned Patient
When evaluating a potentially poisoned patient, there is no substitute for a thorough history and physical examination. Clues from the examination are generally more likely to be helpful than a “shotgun” laboratory approach that involves indiscriminate testing of blood or urine for multiple agents. When used appropriately, diagnostic tests may be of help in the management of the intoxicated patient. When a specific toxin or even class of toxins is suspected, requesting qualitative or q uantitative levels may be appropriate. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of common diagnostic tests in the evaluation o...
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 5, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Laura Bechtel, Christopher P. Holstege Source Type: research

Pediatric Toxicology
Pediatric poisonings comprise the majority of the toxic exposures reported to U.S. poison centers. Pediatric exposures to specific substances have the potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality, sometimes with even what might be considered small amounts to those not familiar with the risks of exposure. These toxins include such substances as specific prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, essential oils, and common household items. With such a vast array of potential toxic exposures that can affect children, it is imperative that health care practitioners who work with children understand the g...
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 5, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jennifer A. Ross, David L. Eldridge Source Type: research

Carbon Monoxide Toxicity
Carbon monoxide accounts for thousands of deaths worldwide each year. Clinical effects can be diverse and include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, syncope, seizures, coma, dysrhythmias, and cardiac ischemia, and severe toxicity generally affects the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Because of its complex pathophysiology, effects of toxicity can be acute or delayed. The diagnosis can be elusive, as carboxyhemoglobin levels do not always correlate with the degree of poisoning. Even when the diagnosis is certain, appropriate therapy is widely debated. Normobaric oxygen is the standard therapy, and the efficacy of hyp...
Source: Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America - April 5, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Kristine A. Na ñagas, Shannon J. Penfound, Louise W. Kao Source Type: research