Improved prediction of long-term kidney outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes by levels of circulating haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Conclusions/interpretationHSPC levels predict worsening of kidney function and improve the identification of individuals with type 2 diabetes and adverse kidney outcomes over and beyond a clinical risk score.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Lipotoxicity-polarised macrophage-derived exosomes regulate mitochondrial fitness through Miro1-mediated mitophagy inhibition and contribute to type 2 diabetes development in mice
Conclusions/interpretationThese findings suggest that the miR-27-3p –Miro1 axis, as a novel regulatory mechanism for mitophagy, could be considered as a new therapeutic target for lipotoxicity-related type 2 diabetes disease development.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Quantifying beta cell function in the preclinical stages of type 1 diabetes
AbstractClinically symptomatic type 1 diabetes (stage 3 type 1 diabetes) is preceded by a pre-symptomatic phase, characterised by progressive loss of functional beta cell mass after the onset of islet autoimmunity, with (stage 2) or without (stage 1) measurable changes in glucose profile during an OGTT. Identifying metabolic tests that can longitudinally track changes in beta cell function is of pivotal importance to track disease progression and measure the effect of disease-modifying interventions. In this review we describe the metabolic changes that occur in the early pre-symptomatic stages of type 1 diabetes with resp...
Source: Diabetologia - November 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Elevated remnant cholesterol and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in diabetes: a population-based prospective cohort study
Conclusions/interpretationElevated remnant cholesterol was associated with increased risk of ASCVD in individuals with diabetes. Remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation explained substantial excess risk of ASCVD conferred by diabetes. Whether remnant cholesterol should be used as a treatment target remains to be determined in randomised controlled trials.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Non-invasive imaging of sympathetic innervation of the pancreas in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Conclusions/interpretationWe demonstrate the feasibility of using11C-HED-PET for non-invasive assessment of pancreatic sympathetic innervation in humans. These findings warrant further prospective evaluation, especially in individuals with theoretical defects in pancreatic sympathetic innervation, such as those with type 1 diabetes.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 7, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Association between timing and consistency of physical activity and type 2 diabetes: a cohort study on participants of the UK Biobank
Conclusions/interpretationTotal metabolic equivalents of physical activity in the morning and afternoon had a protective effect on diabetes risk and evening activity was not associated with diabetes. Consistency of physical activity did not play a role in decreasing risk for diabetes. Vigorous activity is associated with lower risk no matter the time of day of activity.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Continuous glucose monitoring-derived time in range and CV are associated with altered tissue characteristics of the carotid artery wall in people with type 2 diabetes
Conclusions/interpretationTIR and CV were significantly associated with changes in the tissue characteristics of the carotid artery wall.Trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry, number UMIN000032325Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Clinical impact of an integrated e-health system for diabetes self-management support and shared decision making (POWER2DM): a randomised controlled trial
Conclusions/interpretationPOWER2DM improves HbA1c levels compared with usual care in those with type 2 diabetes, improves QoL in those with type 1 diabetes, improves diabetes self-management in those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and is well accepted in daily life.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03588104.FundingThis study was funded by the European Union ’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant agreement number 689444).Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The metabolic response of human trophoblasts derived from term placentas to metformin
Conclusions/interpretationIn primary trophoblasts derived from term placentas metformin treatment caused a reduction in oxidative phosphorylation through partial inactivation of complex I and potentially by other mechanisms. Metformin-treated trophoblasts accumulate lipids, particularly long- and very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Our findings raise clinically important questions about the balance of risk of metformin use during pregnancy, particularly in situations where the benefits are not clear-cut and alternative therapies are available.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
High proinsulin:C-peptide ratio identifies individuals with stage 2 type 1 diabetes at high risk for progression to clinical diagnosis and responses to teplizumab treatment
Conclusions/interpretationHigh pre-treatment PI:C identified individuals with stage 2 type 1 diabetes who were exhibiting rapid progression to stage 3 disease and who displayed benefit from teplizumab treatment. These data suggest that readouts of active disease, such as PI:C ratio, could serve to identify optimal candidates or timing for type 1 diabetes disease-modifying therapies.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Contribution of intestinal triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes on statin therapy
Conclusions/interpretationAbnormalities in the metabolism of intestinally derived ApoB-48-containing lipoproteins in individuals with type 2 diabetes on statins may help to explain the residual risk of CVD and may be suitable targets for interventions.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02948777.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Characterisation of HNF1A variants in paediatric diabetes in Norway using functional and clinical investigations to unmask phenotype and monogenic diabetes
Conclusions/interpretationBased on this robust classification, we estimate that the prevalence of HNF1A-MODY is 0.3% in paediatric diabetes. Clinical phenotyping is challenging and functional investigations provide a strong complementary line of evidence. We demonstrate here that combining clinical phenotyping with functional protein studies provides a powerful tool to obtain a precise diagnosis of HNF1A-MODY.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Identifying the severity of diabetic retinopathy by visual function measures using both traditional statistical methods and interpretable machine learning: a cross-sectional study
Conclusions/interpretationEnsemble ML models predicted status of diabetic eye disease with high accuracy using just age, sex and measures of visual function. Interpretable ML methods enabled us to identify profiles of visual function associated with different stages of diabetic eye disease, and to disentangle associations from artefacts of the data collection process. Together, these two techniques have great potential for developing prediction models using untidy real-world clinical data.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Improved prediction of long-term kidney outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes by levels of circulating haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Conclusions/interpretationHSPC levels predict worsening of kidney function and improve the identification of individuals with type 2 diabetes and adverse kidney outcomes over and beyond a clinical risk score.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Lipotoxicity-polarised macrophage-derived exosomes regulate mitochondrial fitness through Miro1-mediated mitophagy inhibition and contribute to type 2 diabetes development in mice
Conclusions/interpretationThese findings suggest that the miR-27-3p –Miro1 axis, as a novel regulatory mechanism for mitophagy, could be considered as a new therapeutic target for lipotoxicity-related type 2 diabetes disease development.Graphical Abstract (Source: Diabetologia)
Source: Diabetologia - November 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
