News and Views.
PMID: 26486564 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 24, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Idris I Tags: Diabetes Obes Metab Source Type: research
Study of relationship between obesity and executive functions among high school students in Bushehr, Iran.
CONCLUSIONS: According to our results it seems the obese adolescents have poorer executive functions than normal weight peers. This is important for families and school staff to design and follow some therapeutic plans for weight reduction in adolescents in order to help them improve their skills in some functions such as planning-organizing and problem solving.
PMID: 26491649 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 24, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Qavam SE, Anisan A, Fathi M, Pourabbasi A Tags: J Diabetes Metab Disord Source Type: research
Incretin therapies - highlighting common features and differences in the modes of action of GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors.
Abstract
Over the last few years, the incretin-based therapies have emerged as important agents in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). These agents exert their effect via the incretin system, specifically targeting the receptor for the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), which is partly responsible for augmenting glucose-dependent insulin secretion in response to nutrient intake ('incretin effect'). In patients with T2D, pharmacological doses/concentrations of GLP-1 can compensate for the inability of diabetic beta-cells to respond to the main incretin hormone, glucose-dependent insulinot...
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Nauck M Tags: Diabetes Obes Metab Source Type: research
Implementation of guidelines for metabolic syndrome control in kidney transplant recipients: results at a single center.
CONCLUSIONS: We found that guideline changes had impact on clinical practice, which translated to better control of the metabolic syndrome. DM control is challenging. Overall, stability of kidney function improved.
PMID: 26478748 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 21, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Houri I, Tzukert K, Levi IM, Aharon M, Bloch A, Gotsman O, Backenroth R, Levi R, Dov IB, Rubinger D, Elhalel MD Tags: Diabetol Metab Syndr Source Type: research
Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia.
PMID: 26478788 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 21, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kumar R, Folpe AL, Mullan BP Tags: Transl Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
Chromium supplementation improved post-stroke brain infarction and hyperglycemia.
In this study, we investigated whether post-stroke hyperglycemia involved chromium dynamic mobilization in a rat model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia and whether dietary supplement of chromium improved post-stroke injury and alterations. Stroke rats developed brain infarction, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Post-stroke hyperglycemia was accompanied by elevated secretion of counter-regulatory hormones including glucagon, corticosterone, and norepinephrine, decreased insulin signaling in skeletal muscles, and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis. Correlation studies revealed ...
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 19, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chen WY, Mao FC, Liu CH, Kuan YH, Lai NW, Wu CC, Chen CJ Tags: Metab Brain Dis Source Type: research
Therapeutic stimulation of GLP-1 and GIP protein with DPP-4 inhibitors for type-2 diabetes treatment.
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibition is a new treatment for type-2 diabetes. DPP-4 inhibition increases levels of active GLP-1. GLP-1 enhances insulin secretion and diminishes glucagon secretion, in this manner reducing glucose concentrations in blood. A number of DPP-4 inhibitors are under clinical development. However, the durability and long-term safety of DPP-4 inhibition remain to be established. These synthetic DPP-4 inhibitors are showing some side effects. Herbal medicines are alternative medicine over synthetic drugs that can relieve the patients. Various research studies have been c...
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 18, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sharma A, Paliwal G, Upadhyay N, Tiwari A Tags: J Diabetes Metab Disord Source Type: research
Targeting glutamine metabolism sensitizes pancreatic cancer to PARP-driven metabolic catastrophe induced by ß-lapachone.
CONCLUSIONS: This treatment strategy illustrates proof of principle that simultaneously decreasing glutamine metabolism-dependent tumor anti-oxidant defenses and inducing supra-physiological ROS formation are tumoricidal and that this rationally designed combination strategy lowers the required doses of both agents in vitro and in vivo. The non-overlapping specificities of GLS1 inhibitors and ß-lap for PDA tumors afford high tumor selectivity, while sparing normal tissue.
PMID: 26462257 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 16, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chakrabarti G, Moore ZR, Luo X, Ilcheva M, Ali A, Padanad M, Zhou Y, Xie Y, Burma S, Scaglioni PP, Cantley LC, DeBerardinis RJ, Kimmelman AC, Lyssiotis CA, Boothman DA Tags: Cancer Metab Source Type: research
Circulating stem cells associate with adiposity and future metabolic deterioration in healthy subjects.
CONCLUSIONS: A mild elevation of circulating CD34(+) progenitor cells, reflecting expansion of HSPCs, is associated with adiposity and future metabolic deterioration in healthy individuals.
PMID: 26469382 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Paolo Fadini G, Maria Bonora B, Marcuzzo G, Cristina Marescotti M, Cappellari R, Pantano G, Colomba Sanzari M, Duran X, Vendrell J, Plebani M, Avogaro A Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
Retinoic Acid Receptor β2 Agonists Restore Glycemic Control In Diabetes and Reduce Steatosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our data show that orally active, rapidly acting, high affinity pharmacological agonists for RARβ2 improve the diabetic phenotype while reducing lipid levels in key insulin target tissues. We suggest that RARβ2 agonists should be useful drugs for T2D therapy and for treatment of hepatic steatosis.
PMID: 26462866 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Trasino SE, Tang XH, Jessurun J, Gudas LJ Tags: Diabetes Obes Metab Source Type: research
Gestational Diabetes Impairs Human Fetal Postprandial Brain Activity.
CONCLUSIONS: Fetal postprandial brain responses were slower in the offspring of women with GDM. This might indicate that gestational diabetes directly affects fetal brain development and may lead to central nervous insulin resistance in the fetus.
PMID: 26465393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Linder K, Schleger F, Kiefer-Schmidt I, Fritsche L, Kümmel S, Heni M, Weiss M, Häring HU, Preissl H, Fritsche A Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
The Influence of Patient Age on Thyroid Nodule Formation, Multinodularity, and Thyroid Cancer Risk.
CONCLUSION: With advancing age, the prevalence of clinically relevant thyroid nodules increases while the risk such nodules are malignant decreases. Nonetheless, when thyroid cancer is detected in older individuals, a higher risk histological phenotype is more likely. These data provide insight into the clinical paradox that confronts physicians managing this common illness.
PMID: 26465395 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kwong N, Medici M, Angell TE, Liu X, Marqusee E, Cibas ES, Krane JF, Barletta JA, Kim MI, Reed Larsen P, Alexander EK Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
Innovations in plantar pressure and foot temperature measurements in diabetes.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PMID: 26467347 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Bus SA Tags: Diabetes Metab Res Rev Source Type: research
Metformin affects the characteristics of HepG2 cells by regulating macrophage polarization in a co-culture microenvironment.
CONCLUSIONS: Metformin can skew RAW264.7 macrophages toward different phenotypes according to changes in the microenvironment, which may affect the inflammatory conditions mediated by macrophages, induce apoptosis, and inhibit the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells. Notch signaling pathway is a potentially important mechanism in the regulation of metformin on macrophage polarization and the subsequent change of hepatoma cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PMID: 26467463 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chen M, Zhang J, Hu F, Liu S, Zhou Z Tags: Diabetes Metab Res Rev Source Type: research
Long-term safety and efficacy of insulin degludec in the management of type 2 diabetes.
Abstract
Insulin degludec (IDeg) is a novel antiglycemic agent belonging to the therapeutic class of ultra-long duration basal insulin analogs. Its half-life and duration of action are 25 hours and 42 hours, respectively. This pharmacodynamic profile leads to a strict dosing schedule, ie, IDeg is injected at the same time each day to ensure optimal biological action and consistent glycemic control. According to the literature, IDeg provides glycemic control and nocturnal hypoglycemia reduction comparable with other long-acting analogs in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The risk of severe hypoglycemic episodes se...
Source: Diabetes Metab - October 13, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Thuillier P, Alavi Z, Kerlan V Tags: Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Source Type: research
