Fixed-dose combinations in type 2 diabetes - role of the canagliflozin metformin combination.
Abstract
Canagliflozin-metformin is one of the newest combination therapies available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Canagliflozin is an inhibitor of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 which causes an increase in the urinary excretion of glucose. In the present article, we review the safety and efficacy of canagliflozin and metformin from data obtained from Phase III metformin add-on therapy clinical trials as there are no studies to date that specifically evaluate the combination of metformin and canagliflozin. Trials included in this review were dual-therapy trials of subjects who...
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Fleming JW, Fleming LW, Davis CS Tags: Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Source Type: research
Tumor-induced osteomalacia due to a recurrent mesenchymal tumor overexpressing several growth factor receptors.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused primarily by benign mesenchymal tumors. These tumors typically follow a benign clinical course and local recurrence occurs in <5% of cases. We investigated a 49-year-old man with a recurrent mesenchymal phosphaturic tumor showing no signs of malignancy. The patient suffered from chronic muscle weakness, myalgia and cramps. His medical record included the diagnosis of oncogenic osteomalacia, for which he was submitted to tumor resection in the left leg three times before. Laboratory examination showed hypophosp...
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yavropoulou MP, Gerothanasi N, Frydas A, Triantafyllou E, Poulios C, Hytiroglou P, Apostolou P, Papasotiriou I, Tournis S, Kesisoglou I, Yovos JG Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Effects of Ramadan fasting on glucose homeostasis and adiponectin levels in healthy adult males.
CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that Ramadan fasting in young healthy individuals has a positive impact on the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. It also shows that adiponectin levels dropped along with significant loss in weight. We feel caloric restriction during the Ramadan fasting is in itself sufficient to improve insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals.
PMID: 26155596 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Gnanou JV, Caszo BA, Khalil KM, Abdullah SL, Knight VF, Bidin MZ Tags: J Diabetes Metab Disord Source Type: research
Targeting metabolic disorders by natural products.
Abstract
The most prevalent metabolic disorders are diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome, which are developed when normal metabolic processes are disturbed. The most common pathophysiologies of the above disorders are oxidative stress, Nrf2 pathways, epigenetic, and change in miRNA expression. There is a challenge in the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders due to severe adverse effects of some synthetic drugs, their high cost, lack of safety and poverty in some conditions, and insufficient accessibility for the general population in the world. With incre...
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Larijani B, Abdollahi M Tags: J Diabetes Metab Disord Source Type: research
Opioid-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency presenting as hypercalcaemia.
We report on a case of opioid-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency presenting as hypercalcaemia. The patient was a 25-year-old man who developed hypercalcaemia during the recovery stage after a period of critical illness. Systematic investigation of his hypercalcaemia found it to be due to secondary adrenal insufficiency, developing as a consequence of methadone opioid analgesia. Treatment with i.v. saline and subsequent glucocorticoid replacement led to resolution of the hypercalcaemia. The hypoadrenalism resolved when opioids were subsequently weaned and ceased. These two interacting endocrinopathies of opioid-induced...
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lee AS, Twigg SM Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Successful treatment of neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism with cinacalcet in two patients.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT) is a rare disorder caused by inactivating calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) mutations that result in life-threatening hypercalcemia and metabolic bone disease. Until recently, therapy has been surgical parathyroidectomy. Three previous case reports have shown successful medical management of NSHPT with cinacalcet. Here we present the detailed description of two unrelated patients with NSHPT due to heterozygous R185Q CASR mutations. Patient 1 was diagnosed at 11 months of age and had developmental delays, dysphagia, bell-shaped chest, and perios...
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Fisher MM, Cabrera SM, Imel EA Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Association between number of comorbid medical conditions and depression among individuals with diabetes; race and ethnic variations.
CONCLUSIONS: This study shows race- and ethnic- differences in the association between number of medical comorbidities and MDD among patients with diabetes. These findings invite researchers to study the mechanisms behind race- and ethnic- differences in vulnerability and resilience to the mental health effects of chronic medical conditions.
PMID: 26161363 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 11, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lankarani MM, Assari S Tags: J Diabetes Metab Disord Source Type: research
Tofogliflozin, A Highly Selective Inhibitor of SGLT2 Blocks Proinflammatory and Proapoptotic Effects of Glucose Overload on Proximal Tubular Cells Partly by Suppressing Oxidative Stress Generation.
In this study, we investigated the effects of tofogliflozin, a highly selective inhibitor of SGLT2 on oxidative stress generation, inflammatory and proapoptotic reactions in cultured human proximal tubular cells exposed to high glucose. Tofogliflozin dose-dependently suppressed glucose entry into tubular cells. High glucose exposure (30 mM) for 4 and 24 h significantly increased oxidative stress generation in tubular cells, which were suppressed by the treatment of tofogliflozin or an antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene expression and apoptotic cell death were induced by ...
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 9, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ishibashi Y, Matsui T, Yamagishi S Tags: Horm Metab Res Source Type: research
Large scale discovery and validation studies demonstrate significant reductions in circulating levels of IL8, IL-1Ra, MCP-1 and MIP-1β in type-1 diabetes patients.
CONCLUSIONS: IL8, IL-1Ra, MCP-1 and MIP-1β are significantly lower in T1D patients than controls.
PMID: 26158606 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 9, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Purohit S, Sharma A, Hopkins D, Steed L, Bode B, Anderson SW, Reed JC, Steed RD, Yang T, She JX Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
Progress of Diabetic Severity and Risk of Dementia.
CONCLUSIONS: The diabetic severity and progression reflected the risk of dementia, and the early change in the aDCSI could predict the risk of dementia in new-onset diabetic patients.
PMID: 26158608 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 9, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chiu WC, Ho WC, Liao DL, Lin MH, Chiu CC, Su YP, Chen PC Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
Copeptin, insulin resistance and risk of incident diabetes in older men.
CONCLUSION: Copeptin is associated with significantly increased risk of diabetes in older men. The association is partly mediated through lower insulin sensitivity. The findings suggest a potential role of the AVP system in diabetes.
PMID: 26158609 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 9, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wannamethee SG, Welsh P, Papacosta O, Lennon L, Whincup PH, Sattar N Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
Correlation of Urine Biomarkers: Microalbuminuria and Spot Urine Protein among Diabetic Patients. Application of Spot Urine Protein in Diabetic Kidney Disease, Nephropathy, Proteinuria Estimation, Diagnosing and Monitoring.
This study also demonstrated significantly higher levels of spot urine protein among the group with nephropathy/DKD as compared to those without nephropathy/DKD (p-value <0.0001). Similarly, spot urine protein and spot urine protein/creatinine were also significantly associated with microalbumin and microalbumin/creatinine in urine. Significant regression models for spot urine protein and microalbuminuria were also developed and proposed to detect and estimate microalbumin in urine while utilizing spot urine protein (<0.0001). Synthesized regression equations and models can be used confidently to detect, rule out and...
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 8, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Aziz KM Tags: Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov Source Type: research
Predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in type 2 diabetes: Diabetes Heart Study.
CONCLUSIONS: This analysis highlights important demographic and clinical factors, notably CAC and albuminuria, which predict mortality in the general population of patients with T2D.
PMID: 26146522 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Raffield LM, Hsu FC, Cox AJ, Carr JJ, Freedman BI, Bowden DW Tags: Diabetol Metab Syndr Source Type: research
What is the most appropriate lipid profile ratio predictor for insulin resistance in each sex? A cross-sectional study in Korean populations (The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey).
CONCLUSION: The LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in men and LDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios in women might be clinically significant predictors of IR in healthy Korean adults. However, additional large-scale studies are required to confirm these findings.
PMID: 26146523 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Byun AR, Lee SW, Lee HS, Shim KW Tags: Diabetol Metab Syndr Source Type: research
Cymene and Metformin treatment effect on biochemical parameters of male NMRI mice fed with high fat diet.
CONCLUSION: p-Cymene has a potential to ameliorate biochemical parameters in high fat diet treated mice, and its concurrent use with metformin was effective.
PMID: 26146609 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - July 7, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lotfi P, Yaghmaei P, Ebrahim-Habibi A Tags: J Diabetes Metab Disord Source Type: research
