Neonatal Anoxia Impacts Rats ’ Maternal Behavior and Offspring Development due to Ultrasonic Vocalization’s Impairment
This study aimed to evaluate the maternal behavior of primiparous rats whose offspring were exposed to neonatal anoxia in P2 (postpartum day) during the lactation period, to assess mother-pup interactions through the pups ’ vocalization from P3 to P18. It also intends to quantify eventual neuronal alterations in the mothers’ medial preoptic area after the last weaning (P21) through FOS protein expression. Anoxia offspring were found to reduce maternal behaviors toward them, increased frequency of separation calls in the male anoxia group, and reduced vocalization rate in the female anoxia group compared to their respec...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - September 5, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neonatal anoxia impacts rats' maternal behavior and offspring development due to ultrasonic vocalization's impairment
This study aimed to evaluate the maternal behavior of primiparous rats whose offspring were exposed to neonatal Anoxia in P2 (postpartum day) during the lactation period, to assess mother-pup interactions through the pups' vocalization from P3 to P18. It also intends to quantify eventual neuronal alterations in the mothers' medial preoptic area (MPOA) after the last weaning (P21) through FOS protein expression. Anoxia offspring were found to reduce maternal behaviors towards them, increased frequency of separation calls in the male anoxia group, and reduced vocalization rate in the female anoxia group compared to their res...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - September 5, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Upregulation of miRNA-26a enhances the apoptosis of cerebral neurons by targeting EphA2 and inhibiting the MAPK pathway
Neural tube defects (NTDs) constitute the second most common congenital malformation of the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of NTDs is not entirely clear. In recent years, microRNAs have become a hot spot in genetic and developmental biology research. The present study aimed to explore the potential role of microRNA (miRNA)-26a in NTDs and the underlying pathogenesis thereof. First, we found significantly increased miRNA-26a expression in fetuses with NTDs (p (Source: Developmental Neuroscience)
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - September 1, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Intranasal Insulin Attenuates the Long-Term Adverse Effects of Neonatal Hyperglycemia on the Hippocampus in Rats
Hyperglycemia due to relative hypoinsulinism is common in extremely preterm infants and is associated with hippocampus-mediated long-term cognitive impairment. In neonatal rats, hypoinsulinemic hyperglycemia leads to oxidative stress, altered neurochemistry, microgliosis, and abnormal synaptogenesis in the hippocampus. Intranasal insulin (INS) bypasses the blood-brain barrier, targets the brain, and improves synaptogenesis in rodent models, and memory in adult humans with Alzheimer ’s disease or type 2 diabetes, without altering the blood levels of insulin or glucose. To test whether INS improves hippocampal development ...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - August 30, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Intranasal Insulin Attenuates the Long-term Adverse Effects of Neonatal Hyperglycemia on the Hippocampus in Rats
Hyperglycemia due to relative hypoinsulinism is common in extremely preterm infants and is associated with hippocampus-mediated long-term cognitive impairment. In neonatal rats, hypoinsulinemic hyperglycemia leads to oxidative stress, altered neurochemistry, microgliosis and abnormal synaptogenesis in the hippocampus. Intranasal insulin (INS) bypasses the blood-brain barrier, targets the brain and improves synaptogenesis in rodent models, and memory in adult humans with Alzheimer ’s Disease or type 2 diabetes, without altering the blood levels of insulin or glucose. To test whether INS improves hippocampal development in...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - August 30, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Impact of high glucose exposure on induction of Apoptosis and its implication on developing retina of Zebrafish embryos.
The objective is to study the effects of high glucose on the morphological changes and to observe the expression of apoptosis regulatory proteins in the developing retina in-vivo using Zebrafish embryos. Wild type male and female zebrafish were allowed for normal mating and the fertilized eggs were collected and exposed to hyperglycemic conditions (25mMol D-Glucose) for 96 hours. The embryos were subjected to various morphological and histological analyses in a time dependent manner. The embryos showed morphological defects such as body curvature, abnormal eye shape and low pigmentation of the eye in the high glucose induc...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - August 23, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Associations of Mitochondrial Function, Stress, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Early Life: A systematic review
Early life stress is commonly experienced by infants, especially preterm infants that may impact their neurodevelopmental outcomes in their early and later life. Mitochondrial function/dysfunction may play an important role underlying the linkage of prenatal and postnatal stress and neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants. This review aims to provide insights on the relationship between early life stress and neurodevelopment, and the mechanisms of mitochondrial function/dysfunction that contribute to the neuropathology of stress. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement was u...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - August 22, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Challenges and Opportunities in Developmental Brain Injuries
(Source: Developmental Neuroscience)
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - August 2, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Preface: Challenges and Opportunities in Developmental Brain Injuries
There is no abstract. (Source: Developmental Neuroscience)
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - August 2, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Development of neuronal excitability of the bushy cells in anteroventral cochlear nucleus of rats
The ultrafast and precise single-onset action potential (AP) of the bushy cells (BCs) in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) plays an essential role in the precise processing of temporal auditory information for localizing sound sources and communication cues. The specialized properties of high conductance of low-voltage-activated potassium channel (K+LVA) contribute to generate ultrafast and precise single-onset APs in BCs. However, the developmental changes of K+LVA distribution and their contributions to shape neuronal excitability of BCs remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the developmental changes in neur...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - July 21, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Effects of Rearing in a Shelved Environment on Behavioral and Physiological Markers of Welfare in Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Early-life experiences are critical modifiers of development. An important component of early life experience is the nature of maternal interactions, which can be modified by stress. During rearing, mothers are typically allocated to single-level cages where they are readily accessible to pups, a potentially stressful scenario not reflective of nature. Accordingly, mothers regularly removed from the rearing environment interact differently with their offspring, leading to long-term changes in offspring physiology and behavior. Such changes commonly include modifications within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, of wh...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - July 18, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Effect of Rearing in a Shelved Environment on Behavioral and Physiological Markers of Welfare in Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Early-life experiences are critical modifiers of development. An important component of early life experience is the nature of maternal interactions, which can be modified by stress. During rearing, mothers are typically allocated to single-level cages where they are readily accessible to pups, a potentially stressful scenario not reflective of nature. Accordingly, mothers regularly removed from the rearing environment interact differently with their offspring, leading to long-term changes in offspring physiology and behavior. Such changes commonly include modifications within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, of wh...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - July 18, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Comparative phosphoproteomic profiling in the prefrontal cortex of prenatally stressed male offspring rats
Many investigations have indicated that prenatal stress (PS) causes depressive-like disturbances in offspring rats. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been shown to play a role in susceptibility to stress during fetal development; thus, we focused our attention on differential protein phosphorylation in this region of PS-S(Susceptibility to PS) offspring rats. The sucrose preference test was used to screen for susceptibility to PS. The validity of the prenatally stressed model was verified by other common depression-like behaviors. We used MS-ba...
Source: Developmental Neuroscience - July 14, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
