Best storage medium for avulsed teeth
Tooth avulsion is complete loss of a tooth from its alveolar socket as a result of some type of trauma. Usually the tooth involved is a maxillary central incisor. Children age7 to 10 years are the most common patients to suffer tooth avulsion. Avulsion causes disruption of the vascular and nerve supply, which leads to pulp death. In addition, there is tearing of the periodontal ligament (PDL), resulting in damage to its cells, which form a part of the attachment apparatus. Later replantation of the avulsed tooth depends significantly on the viability of PDL cells on the surface of the root. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Mandated reporter and child welfare system interactions
Children who are maltreated or abused are at increased risk for developmental disorders and have a lower probability of having a normal, wholesome childhood. In addition, many children suffer challenges related to abuse throughout their lives. Several countries have enacted legislation that mandates the reporting of possible maltreatment by designated personnel, usually including all health personnel. The Norwegian public dental health service (PDHS) is mandated to prioritize the prevention of dental disease and offer all children under age 19 years free regular dental treatments. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Accuracy of pulp tests
Successful endodontic treatment relies on an accurate pulpal diagnosis, which is determined by the neurovascular changes in the pulp. Several methods can be used to diagnose pulp conditions, including pulp sensibility tests such as cold pulp testing (CPT), heat pulp testing (HPT), and electric pulp testing (EPT); laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF); and pulse oximetry (PO). Clinicians should understand the diagnostic accuracy of the various methods to reach the correct diagnosis and select the most effective treatment. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Effects of radiation therapy on pulp responsiveness
Patients who have malignant tumors of the head and neck often receive radiation therapy (RT) as part of their treatment to control cell growth. To reach the target cells, radiation must pass through healthy tissues, which can suffer DNA damage. For head and neck treatments, teeth are often in the pathway of RT and can receive high doses of radiation. Several adverse effects develop, including lack of tooth sensitivity, acute hematologic abnormalities, chemical injuries in the tissues, changes in microcirculation, and altered pulp sensitivity, which can make it difficult to assess the pulp ’s health accurately. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Enamel defects
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative demarcated enamel defect that affects at least 1 first permanent molar and is often seen on the permanent incisors. The global prevalence of MIH is 14.2%. A similar enamel defect affecting second primary molars is hypomineralized second primary molar (HSPM). The causes of these disorders remain unclear, but researchers agree the etiology is likely multifactorial. The consequences attending MIH make it a public health problem because they involve not just health-related but also economic adverse effects. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Prevalence of peri-implantitis
The primary cause of implant failure is peri-implantitis. Various host- and implant-related factors contribute to create differences between the periodontal and peri-implant tissues. Peri-implant diseases, because of their high prevalence and lack of standard treatment protocol, are considered an important category of disorders. The overall prevalence of peri-implantitis and the effect of various factors on the reported prevalence were investigated. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Reversing soft tissue anesthesia
Dental procedures are often done with the patient under local anesthesia, usually produced by lidocaine. The pulpal anesthesia lasts about an hour, but the soft tissue anesthesia lasts much longer —between 3 and 5 hours. Since the average dental appointment is just 51 minutes, patients experience numbness in their lips, cheek, and tongue long after their dental appointment is over. This impairs their ability to eat, drink, and speak and can increase the risk of biting their soft tissues ina dvertently. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Sedation rather than general anesthesia for children
In Cornwall, United Kingdom, there are long waiting lists for dental procedures done under general anesthesia (GA). In addition, the service overseeing these is both under-funded and overwhelmed at this point. Data were collected in a service evaluation to support the expansion of the relative analgesia (RA) technique and to provide valuable data for other service providers. The goals were to establish the efficacy of RA treatments; determine if RA can reduce the need for expensive, higher risk GA sessions; and determine if RA reduces the number of teeth extracted. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Oral health and respiratory pathogens causing pneumonia
Institutionalized patients ’ mortality from pneumonia is reportedly as much as 41%, with the primary mechanism believed to be direct aspiration of bacteria colonizing the oral cavity into the lungs. Patients with poor dental or oral health and therefore a higher bacterial load are at a higher risk for developing bacteremia and developing infection in distant sites. Respiratory pathogens flourish in the dental biofilm, making its presence a particular risk factor in the development of pneumonia and other problems. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Periodontitis and the retinal microcirculation
The inflammation associated with periodontal disease not only affects the local oral environment but also has the potential to affect distant organs through systemic inflammatory pathways. Chronic periodontitis has shown associations with cardiovascular disease and causes systemic effects on large vessels, endothelial function, macrovascular structures, carotid intima-media thickness, and peripheral vascular function. In addition, it contributes to macrovascular reactions in large vessels, possibly through the inflammatory cascade. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Retention and the inadvertently active retainer
Nearly every patient who has orthodontic treatment must then have retention applied. Currently no consensus has identified the best retention regimen to use in all cases. Although retention procedures differ from country to country, the trends seen now are the use of more invisible retainers instead of Hawley retainers, more fixed retention, and retention that is lifelong rather than for a limited time only. Complications that occur with the long-term use of bonded retainers include an “unintentionally active retainer,” which can move the root almost completely out of the alveolar process (Figure 1). (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Feeding frequency and caries in children
Having dental caries early in life tends to be associated with a lower quality of life. Dental research has sought to identify areas where caries prevention efforts can be targeted to avoid having caries develop. Infants who consume a high-sugar, low-fiber diet appear to be at risk for overweight in childhood, obesity, and micronutrient deficiency, as well as dental caries. Feeding habits, especially in the first year of life, can include breastfeeding, bottle-feeding, and the introduction of other foods. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Have caries, have fewer respiratory ills
The anatomical connectivity between the oral cavity and the respiratory system may be a factor in any link between respiratory disease and oral health. Some evidence has been found for associations between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and oral health in adults and between pneumonia and oral health. In addition, randomized controlled trials have indicated that improvement in oral health and regular professional dental care can reduce lower respiratory tract infection in high-risk elderly who are living in institutional settings. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Periodontitis and cirrhosis
The etiology of periodontitis is generally believed to be multifactorial. The inflammation of this disease affects the supporting tissues of the teeth and causes deepening of the periodontal pockets, loss of connective tissue attachment, and loss of alveolar bone mass. If it is not treated, periodontitis can cause discomfort and pain, impair eating ability, and lead to tooth loss. Patients with cirrhosis tend to have poor oral health that can lead to infection, which, along with malnutrition, is a common, serious complication of cirrhosis that leads to increased morbidity and mortality. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Gingival recession and orthodontic treatment
Gingival recession involves the exposure of the tooth root surface as the gingival margin moves apically to the cementoenamel junction. The resulting appearance is not only unattractive but the exposure can lead to dentin hypersensitivity and root caries. Causes or contributing factors are many, including aging, periodontitis, traumatic tooth brushing, tobacco use, intraoral and perioral piercings, unusual tooth morphology or eruption, and anatomically reduced bone thickness or thin gingival biotype over the root area. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
