Spectrum of Large and Medium Vessel Vasculitis in Adults: Primary Vasculitides, Arthritides, Connective Tissue, and Fibroinflammatory Diseases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide a comprehensive overview of the spectrum of large and medium vessel vasculitis in adults with primary vasculitides, arthritides, connective tissue, and fibroinflammatory diseases as well as vasculitis mimics, for an efficient differential diagnosis and initial diagnostic approach.Recent FindingsImaging has had a tremendous impact on the diagnosis of medium to large vessel vasculitis, now often replacing histopathologic confirmation and identifying new disease manifestations (e.g., intracranial disease in giant cell arteritis; vascular manifestations of IgG4-related disease). Novel diseas...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - September 27, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
A Spotlight on Drug-Induced Vasculitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDrug-induced vasculitis (DIV) is a rare form of vasculitis related to the use of various drugs. DIV primarily affects small to medium size vessels, but it can potentially involve vessels of any size. Differentiating between primary systemic vasculitis and DIV can be challenging; however, it is crucial, so that the offending agent can be discontinued promptly.Recent FindingsThe clinical phenotype of DIV is protean and depends on the size of the affected vessels. It ranges from arthralgias, to an isolated cutaneous rash, to severe single or multi-organ involvement. While withdrawal of the offending d...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - September 21, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
Correction to: Detection and Monitoring of Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
(Source: Current Rheumatology Reports)
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - August 25, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
Spectrum of Large- and Medium-Vessel Vasculitis in Adults: Neoplastic, Infectious, Drug-Induced, Autoinflammatory, and Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide a comprehensive review of drugs and neoplastic, infectious, autoinflammatory, and immunodeficiency diseases causing medium- to large-vessel vasculitis in adults with emphasis on information essential for the initial diagnostic process.Recent FindingsEntities with medium- to large-vessel vasculitis as clinical manifestations have been described recently (e.g., adenosine deaminase-2 deficiency, VEXAS-Syndrome), and vasculitis in established autoinflammatory or immunodeficiency diseases is increasingly being identified.SummaryIn the diagnostic process of medium- to large-vessel vasculitis i...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - August 3, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
What to Know About Biopsy Sampling and Pathology in Vasculitis?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo summarize the histologic findings of vasculitis, and to give some practical considerations on biopsy samples.Recent FindingsThe larger use of imaging and the discoveries of serological markers in the diagnosis of vasculitis have increased the clinical recognition of these entities. Nevertheless, biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis in most cases. So far, biopsies are also useful to obtain information about prognosis and to guide a more specific treatment. In recent years, less invasive diagnostic approaches have become available, lowering the risks related to the procedure and permitti...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - July 27, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
Inhibiting IL-17A and IL-17F in Rheumatic Disease: Therapeutics Help to Elucidate Disease Mechanisms
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPsoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis belong to a family of rheumatological diseases that lead to painful joint inflammation that impacts on patient function and quality of life. Recent studies have shown that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17 is involved in the inflammatory joint changes in spondyloarthritides. We will review the pathophysiology of IL-17 and review the biological therapies targeting IL-17.Recent FindingsIL-17 is produced and released from T cells and is dependent on multiple upstream cytokines, which include IL-23. There are six members of the IL-17 family that are secr...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - July 21, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
Spectrum of Spondyloarthritis Among Chinese Populations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to emphasize interesting and important new findings with a focus on the spectrum of spondyloarthritis (SpA) in China.Recent FindingsOver the past decade, significant advances have been made in the investigation of SpA epidemiology, the exploration of genetic and environmental risk factors, the identification of clinical features, and the updating of treatment protocols in the Chinese population. The prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in China is 0.20 –0.42%, and the prevalence of HLA-B27 in AS patients is 88.8–89.4%. HLA-B*2704 is the most common subtype in Chinese AS pa...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - July 13, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
Deep Insight into the Role of MIF in Spondyloarthritis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPathological roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) have recently been demonstrated in spondyloarthritis (SpA) preclinical models, identifying MIF as a new treatment target for SpA. However, the specific contribution of MIF and therapeutic potential of MIF-targeted therapies to various tissue types affected by SpA are not well delineated.Recent FindingsMIF and its cognate receptor CD74 are extensively involved in the pathogenesis of SpA including inflammation in the spine, joint, eyes, skin, and gut. The majority of the current evidence has consistently shown that MIF drives the infl...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - July 9, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
Interstitial Lung Disease in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Pathogenic Considerations and Impact for Patients ’ Outcomes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review provides an update on recent advances in the diagnosis, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, histopathological findings, and treatment approaches for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis –associated interstitial lung disease (AAV-ILD) with a focus on literature published in the last 3 years.Recent FindingsAlthough there is no validated definition of AAV-ILD, which contributes to some of the heterogeneity seen in study results, there has been an increasing number of publications in recent years on this topic. Most patients with AAV-ILD have MPO-ANCA vasculitis, and th...
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - July 7, 2022 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research
