A Review of Binge-Eating Disorder in Black Women: Treatment Recommendations and Implications for Healthcare Providers
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe review relevant factors and barriers to care for binge-eating disorder (BED) in Black women. We examine evidence for the treatment of BED and provide recommendations to improve cultural relevance for assessing and treating BED in Black women.Recent FindingsBED is the most common eating disorder among Black women. Moreover, evidence supports alternative factors that contribute to the onset of BED in Black women, including stress, trauma, and food insecurity. Furthermore, though there are evidence-based treatments for BED, disparities persist in access to care and treatment retention. Recommendati...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - November 12, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Parental Mental Illness, Borderline Personality Disorder, and Parenting Behavior: The Moderating Role of Social Support
AbstractPurpose of ReviewParental mental disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder (BPD), impair parenting behavior. Consequently, the children exhibit an elevated risk for psychopathology across their lifespan. Social support for parents is thought to moderate the relationship between parental mental illness and parenting behavior. It may dampen negative effects and serve as starting point for preventive interventions. This paper provides a literature overview regarding the impact of social support on the sequelae of parental mental illness and BPD for parenting behavior.Recent FindingsCurrent literature hig...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 25, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
What Pre-clinical Rat Models Can Tell Us About Anxiety Across the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy and Clinically Anxious Humans
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAnxiety symptoms increase during the peri-menstrual phase of the menstrual cycle in people with anxiety disorders. Whether this reflects a heightened variant of normal menstrual-related changes in psychological states experienced by healthy (i.e. non-anxious) people is unknown. Moreover, menstrual-related change in anxiety symptoms is a poorly understood phenomenon, highlighting a need for pre-clinical models to aid mechanistic discovery. Here, we review recent evidence for menstrual effects on anxiety-like features in healthy humans as a counterpart to recent reviews that have focused on clinicall...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 18, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Role of Melatonin in the Management of Sleep and Circadian Disorders in the Context of Psychiatric Illness
We present a review of research on the role of melatonin in the management of sleep and circadian disorders, stressing current overall view of the knowledge across psychiatric disorders.Recent FindingsDysregulation of sleep and circadian rhythms has been established in several psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders for long. Recent research confirms this finding consistently across disorders. The secretion of melatonin in schizophrenia and neurocognitive disorders is reduced due to a smaller volume and enlarged calcification of the pineal gland. On the other hand, melatonin dysregulation in bipolar disorder may be more d...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 13, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Mindfulness-Based Strategies for Improving Sleep in People with Psychiatric Disorders
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewTo review the recent literature on mindfulness-based strategies for improving self-report and objective measures of sleep, in individuals with psychiatric disorders.Recent FindingsCurrently, research provides some support for the use of mindfulness-based interventions to improve sleep amongst individuals with psychiatric comorbidities. The strongest evidence was for the use of standardized programs, particularly for improving sleep in anxiety and depressive disorders. There is a paucity of well-controlled studies using validated subjective or objective measures of sleep. As these interventions ...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 13, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Future Challenges in Psychotherapy Research for Personality Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIndividuals with personality disorders are frequently seen in mental health settings. Their symptoms typically reflect a high level of suffering and burden of disease, with potentially harmful societal consequences, including costs related to absenteeism at work, high use of health services, ineffective or harmful parenting, substance use, suicidal and non-suicidal self-harming behavior, and aggressiveness with legal consequences. Psychotherapy is currently the first-line treatment for patients with personality disorders, but the study of psychotherapy in the domain of personality disorders faces s...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 13, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Expectations for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Psychiatry
AbstractPurpose of ReviewArtificial intelligence (AI) is often presented as a transformative technology for clinical medicine even though the current technology maturity of AI is low. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the complex reasons for the low technology maturity and set realistic expectations for the safe, routine use of AI in clinical medicine.Recent FindingsFor AI to be productive in clinical medicine, many diverse factors that contribute to the low maturity level need to be addressed. These include technical problems such as data quality, dataset shift, black-box opacity, validation and regulato...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 10, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Climate Change Impacts on Mental Health Will Lead to Increased Digitization of Mental Health Care
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe evidence for the impact of climate change on the mental health of individuals and communities is reviewed, and the literature on the importance of digital systems in reducing carbon emissions is addressed.Recent FindingsMost of the climate change impacts on mental health are disaster related, although recent literature on “eco-anxiety,” often described as anxiety about the long-term effects of climate change, is emerging. There is strong evidence that the use of telepsychiatry and digital approaches to mental health care can reduce carbon emissions by reducing travel for patients and provid...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 10, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Sexual Violence Perpetration Against Intimate Partners: Current Progress and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe literature on sexual violence perpetration against an intimate partner is reviewed and synthesized. Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is compared to other forms of interpersonal violence, and the heterogeneity of perpetrators is explored through an examination of proposed taxonomies. This review also addresses the applicability of existing risk assessment tools to IPSV perpetrators and identifies criminogenic needs of particular relevance to IPSV.Recent FindingsRecent research suggests the perpetration of IPSV is heterogeneous in nature, and individuals who perpetrate IPSV present with cr...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
A Review of Childhood Sexual Abuse Perpetration Prevention Programs
We describe several perpetrator-oriented prevention programs with evaluation data as well as avenues for future development and research.Recent FindingsPerpetration prevention programs can be divided into anonymous and non-anonymous programs. Anonymous programs include those that provide support via helplines and those that provide self-guided digital interventions. Non-anonymous programs provide traditional psychotherapy. There are several prevention programs with limited evaluation data, but no research to date has aggregated these findings and provided a comprehensive assessment of perpetration prevention.SummaryThere i...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Current Perspectives on Pornography Use by Individuals Convicted of a Sexual Offense
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review examines the literature on the impact of pornography use by individuals convicted of sexual offenses; specifically, it highlights relevant research regarding the effect pornography use has on sexual offense recidivism and explores the implications for treatment and supervision.Recent FindingsThe current literature suggests that the use of pornography, by itself, does not consistently increase risk for sexual recidivism. Research suggests that pornography use may increase risk for sexual recidivism among adult males who have been assessed as high-risk, while the same cannot be said for l...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Sleep During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe reviewed current evidence on the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on sleep of different populations.Recent FindingsSeveral studies demonstrated that sleep deprivation may cause immune system dysregulation, which deteriorates the course of COVID-19. The increased prevalence of sleep disorders among COVID-19 patients has been associated with more severe disease and worse clinical outcomes. Healthcare workers who were subjected to atypical workload and more nightshifts developed sleep disorders which associated with work-related errors and COVID-19 infection susceptibility. In...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 4, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Loneliness in Personality Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLoneliness is a common experience in patients with personality disorders (PDs) that are characterized by impairment in self (identity, self-direction) and interpersonal functioning (empathy, intimacy). Here, we review studies assessing the association of loneliness with PD or PD traits including DSM-5’s Alternative Model of PD (AMPD).Recent FindingsThe number of loneliness studies varied greatly among different PDs with most studies conducted in borderline PD. Across PDs, loneliness was associated with the severity of psychopathological symptoms and with several AMPD trait domains. Consequently...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in Pregnancy: An Updated Review on Risks to Mother, Fetus, and Child
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide an updated summary and appraisal of work from 2019 to 2022 examining risks of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use in pregnancy.Recent FindingsPerinatal SSRI exposure does not increase risk of major malformations or gestational diabetes after accounting for underlying maternal illness. SSRIs are associated with small increase in risk of pre-eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm delivery, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, and neonatal intensive care unit admissions, though absolute risk of these outcomes is low. While data suggests no increased risk of neu...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - October 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The Emerging Field of Psychedelic Psychotherapy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFew treatments are available for patients with mood disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who have already failed multiple interventions. After several decades when research into psychedelics was effectively halted by federal legislation, the past several years have shown the re-emergence of thoughtful investigations studying the utility of compounds such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin.Recent FindingsSeveral studies have coupled the safe administration of psychedelic compounds in a controlled environment after several hours of preparation of study participan...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 21, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
