Youth Suicidality in the Context of Disasters
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature regarding youth suicidality (suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, and completed suicide) in the context of disasters.Recent FindingsThere are fewer studies that examine the effect of disasters on suicidality specifically in children and youth than studies that focus on adults or general population.SummaryNumerous studies have reported on the effect of disasters on youth mental health in general without zeroing in on suicide risk. Some variables that have shown to increase suicide risk in children and youth after disasters include fe...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 28, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Cognitive Problems in Perimenopause: A Review of Recent Evidence
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review recent research regarding cognitive problems during perimenopause, including which menopause-related symptoms, demographic variables, stress exposures, and neural biomarkers are associated with cognitive problems and which interventions demonstrate efficacy at improving cognitive performance.Recent FindingsCognitive problems are common during perimenopause and have a significant impact on a substantial proportion of women. Evidence continues to indicate that verbal learning and verbal memory are the cognitive functions that are most negatively affected during perimenopause, and new resear...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Recent Updates on Predicting Conversion in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review highlights recent advances in the prediction and treatment of psychotic conversion. Over the past 25 years, research into the prodromal phase of psychotic illness has expanded with the promise of early identification of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis who are likely to convert to psychosis.Recent FindingsMeta-analyses highlight conversion rates between 20 and 30% within 2 –3 years using existing clinical criteria while research into more specific risk factors, biomarkers, and refinement of psychosis risk calculators has exploded, improving our ability to predi...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain in Severe Mental Illness: Risk Factors and Special Considerations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWeight gain is a disconcerting issue experienced by patients treated with antipsychotics (APs). This review summarizes current knowledge on the prevalence, etiology, and risk factors for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG), and evidence for interventions, including special considerations.Recent FindingsPredisposing risk factors for AIWG include lack of prior AP exposure, sex, and age. AP dose and duration of exposure are additional treatment-related factors that may contribute to this issue. Among current approaches to target AIWG, metformin has the most evidence to support its use, and this i...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Characteristics of Single vs. Multiple Suicide Attempters Among Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe aimed to examine the factors that differentiate single and multiple suicide attempters in adult population. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct this review and meta-analysis. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. We carried out a systematic literature search in three databases to identify original studies that explored the differences between single and multiple suicide attempters among adult population.Recent FindingsThere might be meaningful differences between those individuals that attempt suicide once in...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Disorganized Communication and Social Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: Emerging Concepts and Methods
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we embrace the emerging field of second-person neuroscience to address disorganization in schizophrenia. We argue that the focus of interest for disorganization is the interpersonal space where shared mental processes ( ‘social mind’) occur based on the bio-behavioural synchrony between two (or more) interacting people. We lay out several bio-behavioural measures that can capture the component parts of this process. In particular, we highlight the real-time imaging technology of hyperscanning that enables multi -person analysis of naturalistic social interaction. We illustrate h...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Sleep and Depression in Older Adults: A Narrative Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe sleep-depression association has been recognized for decades. Efforts to clarify this association continue at an increasing pace. This review summarizes recent research on the sleep-depression association in older adults.Recent FindingsResearch over the past 4 years has utilized cross-sectional, longitudinal, cohort, and intervention designs to examine these associations.SummaryShort (< 7 h) and long (> 8–9 h) sleep durations and insomnia symptoms are risk factors for depression in older adults. Similarly, short sleep, long sleep, insomnia symptoms, and depression are all risk...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 23, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Sleep in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Current Findings, Challenges, and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo summarize current literature available on sleep in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS; Velocardiofacial or DiGeorge Syndrome), a neurogenetic disorder caused by a hemizygous deletion in a genomic region critical for neurodevelopment. Due to the greatly increased risk of developmental psychiatric disorders (e.g., autism and schizophrenia) in 22q11.2DS, this review focuses on clinical correlates of sleep disturbances and potential neurobiological underpinnings of these relationships.Recent FindingsSleep disturbances are widely prevalent in 22q11.2DS and are associated with worse behavioral, psyc...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 18, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic On Violence Against Children: A Narrative Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this paper was to explore the different ways the COVID-19 pandemic has affected violence against children (VAC).Recent FindingsRecent research of peer-reviewed articles using operational or survey data revealed the pandemic ’s impact in terms of institutional responses, risk and mediating factors, changes in VAC dynamics, and a likely increase in child marriage.SummaryFindings include a decrease in institutional responses, activities, and prevention case openings; an increased incidence of interparental intimate partner violence (IPV) witnessing cases, hospital admissions for suspecte...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 18, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Military and Veterans Healthcare Systems: Clinical, Legal, and Implementation Considerations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review discusses the current and projected landscape of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), with a focus on clinical, legal, and implementation considerations in Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare systems.Recent Findings3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)- and psilocybin-assisted therapy have shown promising outcomes in efficacy, safety, tolerability, and durability for PTSD and depression, respectively. MDMA-assisted therapy is already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on an Expanded Access ( “compassionate use”) basis for ...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 8, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Disgust Processing and Potential Relationships with Behaviors in Autism
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhile there are reports of differences in emotion processing in autism, it is less understood whether the emotion of disgust, in particular, plays a significant role in these effects. Here, we review literature on potential disgust processing differences in autism and its possible associations with autistic traits.Recent FindingsIn autism, there is evidence for differences in physical disgust processing, pica behaviors, attention away from other ’s disgust facial expressions, and differences in neural activity related to disgust processing. In typically developing individuals, disgust processing ...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Correction to: Pathways to Psychopathology Among Autistic Adults
(Source: Current Psychiatry Reports)
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - September 4, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Suicide Risk in Personality Disorders: A Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of reviewThis systematic review aimed to distil recent literature investigating psychosocial factors which may account for the association between personality disorder (PD) and suicide attempt or suicide death.Recent findingsSuicide risk is particularly elevated in people with PD compared to those with no, or many other, mental health diagnoses. Despite this, suicide prevention strategies for PD populations have not progressed markedly in recent years. It is critical, therefore, to identify additional factors associated with suicide in PD populations.SummaryOf the 34 studies included in this review, most id...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - August 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Virtual and Augmented Simulations in Mental Health
The objective is to gain insights into the emerging applications of VR/AR in mental health interventions and their potential impact on patient outcomes. The review also includes personal observations on the effectiveness and challenges associated with VR/AR simulations and the rise of exciting, disruptive artificial intelligence large language models. The findings of this review contribute to the understanding of the current state of VR/AR technology in mental health and highlight potential future directions in this rapidly evolving field.Recent FindingsRecent studies have shown that VR/AR simulation is an effective and pr...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - August 25, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Pregnancy Denial: Toward a New Understanding of the Underlying Mechanisms
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPregnancy denial is the lack of awareness of being pregnant. The aim of the review is to understand why the affected women do not recognize the signs of pregnancy.Recent FindingsTwelve case reports of pregnancy denial were published in the last ten years. While in five cases the women had an underlying mental disorder, the rest of the cases involved women who either exhibited no physical symptoms or perceived themselves to be not pregnant despite the symptoms (i.e., repression mechanisms).SummaryPregnancy denial is considered to be a pathological issue, a likely consequence of trauma, the wish t...
Source: Current Psychiatry Reports - August 19, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
