Clinical manifestations and location of brain metastases as prognostic markers
Metastatic spread of cancer, particularly to the central nervous system, is a feared and often devastating complication.1,2 Metastases to the brain are 10 times more frequent than are primary brain tumors in adults.3 Estimates of the incidence of brain metastases (BM) vary widely, from 10% to 40%, depending on the data source and the primary cancer site.4,5 Lung and breast cancers are the most common malignancies associated with BMs, followed by melanoma, renal, colorectal, and germ cell malignancies. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - June 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bernardo Cacho-D íaz, Nydia A. Lorenzana-Mendoza, J. Danaé Chávez-Hernandez, Alberto González-Aguilar, Gervith Reyes-Soto, Ángel Herrera-Gómez Source Type: research
Comparison of CA125, HE4, and ROMA index for ovarian cancer diagnosis
In view of the high rate of misdiagnosis of ovarian cancer, our study aimed to compare the performances of serum levels of human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125), as well as ROMA index in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - June 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lei Zhang, Ying Chen, Ke Wang Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Effects of Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy (RT) plays a prominent role in the treatment of many cancers. With increasing use of radiation therapy and high overall survival rates, the risks associated with RT must be carefully considered. Of these risks, the cardiovascular and autonomic toxicities have been of significant concern. In fact, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of non-malignancy related death in cancer survivors.The manifestations of radiation induced cardiac injury include the acute toxicities of myopericarditis and late toxicities including constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, valvu...
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - June 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Merna A. Armanious, Homan Mohammadi, Sara Khodor, Daniel E. Oliver, Peter A. Johnstone, Michael G. Fradley Source Type: research
Advanced imaging modalities to detect cardiotoxicity
Recent advances in cancer treatments have significantly improved survival rates, reemphasizing the focus on reducing the potential complications associated with some therapies. Cardiovascular disease associated with chemotherapies is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. Early detection of cardiotoxicity improves cardiac outcomes among cancer patients. The review will focus on imaging modalities used to assess cardiotoxicity or the cardiovascular consequences of chemotherapies. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - June 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Magid Awadalla, Malek Z.O. Hassan, Raza M. Alvi, Tomas G. Neilan Source Type: research
Radium-223 (Xofigo ®) with Concurrent Abiraterone or Enzalutamide: Predictive Biomarkers of Improved Overall Survival in a Clinically Advanced Cohort
Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in men with 26,120 deaths annually, accounting for approximately 8% of all male cancer related deaths1. With modern therapies and improved early detection, the 5-year relative survival rate for localized disease has approached 100%, but declines to only 28% for patients diagnosed at distant stages2. Despite promising new therapeutic regimens3 –5, most patients eventually progress to an androgen-insensitive state4,7. Patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) commonly have radiographic evidence of osteoblastic8 bone metastases9–11....
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 30, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: John Rathbun Source Type: research
Early access to rapid onset opioids therapy in advanced cancer patients can affect their death place?
The end stage cancer disease is often associated with severe pain1; Break Through cancer Pain (BTcP) is particularly represented in these conditions,2 and the preferred therapy for this type of pain is using the “rapid Onset Opioids” (ROOs).3 (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Luca Miceli, Rym Bednarova, Tiziana Bove Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Common KRAS and NRAS Gene Mutations in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer in Northeastern Iranian Patients
Mutation analysis of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) downstream has been a main part of colorectal carcinoma evaluation. Large prospective clinical trials have shown only colorectal cancer (CRC) with wild-type KRAS and NRAS responds to anti- EGFR treatment. Hence, mutation analysis is necessary prior to treatment. It is essential to conduct studies to learn about the mutation signature of such tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of hotspot mutations in KRAS and NRAS genes in Iranian CRC patients and to explore their correlations with clinicopathological parameters. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Leila Hamzehzadeh, Fatemeh Khadangi, Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani, Alireza Pasdar, Mohammad Amin Kerachian Source Type: research
Association of elevated levels of C-reactive protein with breast cancer, breast cancer subtypes and poor outcome
Inflammation and caner are linked in a bidirectional manner. CRP is an important inflammatory marker. The aim of the study was to test whether the inflammatory marker, CRP at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with metastasis, recurrence and death in breast cancer patients from Malwa region of Punjab where breast cancer is widely feared. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Raman Preet Kaur, Rubal, Raja Paramjeet Singh Banipal, Rajesh Vashistha, Monisha Dhiman, Anjana Munshi Source Type: research
Treatment Outcomes and Incidence of Brain Metastases in Pulmonary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare type of high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor. The study objective is to investigate its survival outcomes, incidence of brain metastases, and patterns of recurrence. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yizhou Zhao, Mathieu Castonguay, Derek Wilke, Zhaolin Xu, Madelaine Plourde, Liam Mulroy, Mary MacNeil, David Bowes Source Type: research
Cutaneous metastases from neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix – An unusual metastatic lesion from an uncommon malignancy
Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is an uncommon and aggressive type of small cell cervical cancer. NECs mostly arise from gastro-entero-pancreatic tract and the lung, but rarely from other organs like cervix. NEC of the cervix is a rare malignancy and constitutes 0.9% to 1.5% of cervical tumors. NEC of cervix are common in peri-menopausal females and presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding and mimics squamous cell cancers, usually with no distinguishing features. On Immuno-histochemistry (IHC), presence of chromogranin, synaptophysin and CD-56 is necessary to make a diagnosis of small cell carcinoma. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dr Bharti Devnani Source Type: research
Factors associated with optimal pain management in advanced cancer patients
To analyze clinical factors that were associated with inadequate pain control in cancer patients with metastatic malignancy and moderate to severe baseline pain. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nanya Wang, Yabing Dong, Lingling Zhao, Hengjun Zhao, Wei Li, Jiuwei Cui Source Type: research
A Case of Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Breast with Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a metaplastic carcinoma subtype which includes fibromatosis-like and sarcomatoid features.1 Etiology and pathogenesis of primary SCC of breast still remains unclear. This is a very aggressive tumor with poor prognosis and is seen less than 0.1% (0.04% to 0.075%) of all breast malignancies.2 Other sites of primary SCC should be ruled out first to classify these tumors as primary SCC of the breast. Here we present a case of locally advanced primary SCC of the breast. (Source: Current Problems in Cancer)
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 8, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ozkan ALAN, Tugba Akin TELLI, Ozlem ERCELEP, Rahib HASANOV, Eda Tanrikulu SIMSEK, Aydan MUTIS, Tunc ONES, Handan KAYA, Perran Fulden YUMUK Source Type: research
Extramedullary relapse and discordant CD19 expression between bone marrow and extramedullary sites in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia after blinatumomab treatment
Blinatumomab, a bispecific T-cell engager antibody construct targeting CD19, has been shown to improve the outcome in patients with relapsed and/or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Treatment with blinatumomab demonstrated significant survival benefit over chemotherapy, supporting its use as a bridge therapy to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Unfortunately, following initial response, approximately 50% of responding patients eventually relapse. At the time of failure, the majority of patients have CD19-positive blasts, yet a concerning number of CD19-negative relapses has been reported. (S...
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 7, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Christos Demosthenous, Chrysavgi Lalayanni, Michalis Iskas, Vassiliki Douka, Nikoleta Pastelli, Achilles Anagnostopoulos Source Type: research
Extramedullary relapse and discordant CD19 expression after blinatumomab treatment
Blinatumomab, a bispecific T-cell engager antibody construct targeting CD19, has been shown to improve the outcome in patients with relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Treatment with blinatumomab demonstrated significant survival benefit over chemotherapy, supporting its use as a bridge therapy to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Unfortunately, following initial response, approximately 50% of responding patients eventually relapse. At the time of failure, the majority of patients have CD19-positive blasts, yet a concerning number of CD19-negative relapses has been...
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - May 7, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Christos Demosthenous, Chrysavgi Lalayanni, Michalis Iskas, Vassiliki Douka, Nikoleta Pastelli, Achilles Anagnostopoulos Source Type: research
Comparison of seventh TNM and eighth TNM staging system in stage III non –small cell lung cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Stage classification of a cancer is important as it provides a nomenclature for description and grouping of the patients and helping clinicians for selecting treatment options and predicting the probable outcomes. It enables the comparison and classification of patients with different size and extent of disease. TNM classification is used for staging of lung cancer, according to the definitions regarding primary tumor for T, nodal stations for N, and metastatic lesions for M.1 The eighth edition of TNM lung cancer staging and proposals has been introduced in 2015 and implemented through January 2017 in countries beside Uni...
Source: Current Problems in Cancer - April 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ufuk Y ılmaz, Özer Özdemir, Ülkü Yılmaz Source Type: research
