Did COVID-19 impact osteoarthritis – clinical perspective?
Purpose of review
To assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on patients with osteoarthritis (OA).
Recent findings
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected patients with OA irrespective of them contracting the infection. Patients with OA had a disruption in access to the healthcare system, which resulted in delays in joint replacement surgeries from cancellations of elective surgical procedures. On the other hand, the pandemic accelerated the drive towards telemedicine and telerehabilitation, with many nonurgent services being delivered remotely whenever possible. Cross-sectional s...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: OSTEOARTHRITIS: Edited by Mukundan Attur Source Type: research
Ribosome dysfunction in osteoarthritis
Purpose of review
Translation of genetic information encoded within mRNA molecules by ribosomes into proteins is a key part of the central dogma of molecular biology. Despite the central position of the ribosome in the translation of proteins, and considering the major proteomic changes that occur in the joint during osteoarthritis development and progression, the ribosome has received very limited attention as driver of osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
Recent findings
We provide an overview of the limited literature regarding this developing topic for the osteoarthritis field. Recent key findings that connect ribos...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: OSTEOARTHRITIS: Edited by Mukundan Attur Source Type: research
Blood and urine biomarkers in osteoarthritis – an update on cartilage associated type II collagen and aggrecan markers
Purpose of review
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful disease for which drug development has proven difficult. One major reason for this is the heterogeneity of the disease and the current lack of operationalized means to distinguish various disease endotypes (molecular subtypes). Biomarkers measured in blood or urine, reflecting joint tissue turnover, have been developed and tested during the last decades. In this narrative review, we provide highlights on biomarkers derived from the two most studied and abundant cartilage proteins – type II collagen and aggrecan.
Recent findings
Multiple biomarkers assessing ty...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: OSTEOARTHRITIS: Edited by Mukundan Attur Source Type: research
Is osteoarthritis a mitochondrial disease? What is the evidence
Propose of review
To summarize the evidence that suggests that osteoarthritis (OA) is a mitochondrial disease.
Recent findings
Mitochondrial dysfunction together with mtDNA damage could contribute to cartilage degradation via several processes such as: (1) increased apoptosis; (2) decreased autophagy; (3) enhanced inflammatory response; (4) telomere shortening and increased senescence chondrocytes; (5) decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy; (6) increased cartilage catabolism; (7) increased mitochondrial fusion leading to further reactive oxygen species production; and (8) impaired metabolic flexibilit...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: OSTEOARTHRITIS: Edited by Mukundan Attur Source Type: research
A treat-to-target approach is needed for Behçet's syndrome
Purpose of review
Treat-to-target (T2T) approach has improved outcomes in chronic diseases. The aim of this review is to discuss the long-term goals and review the evidence for possible targets that would predict the achievement of these goals for developing a T2T strategy for Behçet's syndrome.
Recent findings
There are no trials comparing a tight control strategy to standard care in Behçet's syndrome but recent studies suggest better outcomes with earlier use of biologic agents compared with sustained conventional treatment. Fluorescein angiography may be a reliable tool for assessing remission in uveitis as...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: VASCULITIS SYNDROMES: Edited by Hasan Yazici and Yusuf Yazici Source Type: research
Patient reported outcomes in systemic vasculitis
Purpose of review
This review paper evaluates the use of patient reported outcome (PROs) in systemic vasculitis and the increasing incorporation of these measures in the evaluation of clinical outcomes and healthcare provision.
Recent findings
Generic PROs such as the SF-12, SF-36, EQ-5D have been used to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) across the spectrum of vasculitis; including giant cell arteritis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-related vasculitis and immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgA) vasculitis. More recently disease-specific PROs have been developed including the associated vasc...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: VASCULITIS SYNDROMES: Edited by Hasan Yazici and Yusuf Yazici Source Type: research
Updates in cutaneous manifestations of systemic vasculitis
Purpose of review
The main purpose of this review is to present newly reported cutaneous manifestations of systemic vasculitis, updates in investigations to verify systemic involvement in cases with cutaneous vasculitis and new therapeutic guidelines. The spectrum of COVID-19-related vasculitis is also covered.
Recent findings
Only a few reports highlighted new cutaneous presentations or associations with some systemic vasculitic entities. For example, the association of inflammatory disorders with Takayasu arteritis, the importance of considering Kawasaki disease in febrile children with erythema nodosum, the d...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: VASCULITIS SYNDROMES: Edited by Hasan Yazici and Yusuf Yazici Source Type: research
Takayasu arteritis
Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances in Takayasu arteritis (TAK), mainly focusing on pathogenesis, imaging modalities, and management.
Recent findings
Three novel clusters based on angiographic findings were identified in the Indian cohort and replicated in the North American cohorts. Different new imaging modalities have been tried in the assessment of arterial inflammation with promising results. There is more evidence on the long-term use of tocilizumab, but relapses are common. In light of the recent findings on the pathogenesis of TAK, Janus kinase inhibitors seem...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: VASCULITIS SYNDROMES: Edited by Hasan Yazici and Yusuf Yazici Source Type: research
Animal models of vasculitis
Purpose of review
Vasculitis describes a wide spectrum of rare, inflammatory, multisystem disorders. These heterogenous diseases all have inflammation of blood vessels as a central feature. However, they differ in terms of their genetic and environmental risk factors, disease pathogenesis, clinical presentations and treatment strategies. Many animal models of vasculitis exist, each resembling a different human clinical phenotype. This review provides an overview of recently published findings from experimental animal models of vasculitis.
Recent findings
Several new animal models have been described during the r...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: VASCULITIS SYNDROMES: Edited by Hasan Yazici and Yusuf Yazici Source Type: research
The association of Behçet's syndrome with HLA-B51 as understood in 2021
Purpose of review
To discuss clinical and pathogenic roles of HLA-B∗51 in Behçet's syndrome.
Recent findings
HLA-B∗51 remains the most important genetic factor in Behçet's syndrome, despite the recent identification of several susceptibility genes. The prevalence of HLA-B∗51 has been shown to differ among phenotype-based clinical clusters in the same patient population. HLA-B∗51 shows epistatic interaction with the susceptible allele of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP)1 encoding the Hap10 allotype, which has the lowest trimming activity of the MHC-Class I binding peptides. Subsequent molecul...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: VASCULITIS SYNDROMES: Edited by Hasan Yazici and Yusuf Yazici Source Type: research
Editorial: Introduction, Vasculitis 2021
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology)
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: VASCULITIS SYNDROMES: Edited by Hasan Yazici and Yusuf Yazici Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology)
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - December 4, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Integrating genetic and social factors to understand health disparities in lupus
Purpose of review
Both social and genetic factors are associated with health outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), thus playing a role in its health disparities. Despite the growing list of social and genetic factors associated with SLE outcomes, studies integrating sociocultural and individual determinants of health to understand health disparities in SLE are lacking. We review the contributions of different social and genetic factors to the disparities in SLE, and propose a socioecological model to integrate and examine the complex interactions between individual and social factors in SLE outcomes.
Recen...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - October 9, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND SJOGREN SYNDROME: Edited by Amr H. Sawalha Source Type: research
Immune checkpoints and the multiple faces of B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus
Purpose of review
B-lymphocytes are crucial in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), including autoantibody production, antigen presentation, co-stimulation, and cytokine secretion. Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules control interactions between B and T cells during an inflammatory response, which is essential for an appropriate host protection and maintenance of self-tolerance. Here, we review recent findings about checkpoint molecules and SLE B cells including their potential therapeutic implications and experiences from clinical trials.
Recent findings
Most prominent checkpoint molec...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - October 9, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND SJOGREN SYNDROME: Edited by Amr H. Sawalha Source Type: research
The role of CD8+ T-cell systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis: an update
Purpose of review
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a serious autoimmune disease with a wide range of organ involvement. In addition to aberrant B-cell responses leading to autoantibody production, T-cell abnormalities are important in the induction of autoimmunity and the ensuing downstream organ damage. In this article, we present an update on how subsets of CD8+ T cells contribute to SLE pathogenesis.
Recent findings
Reduced cytolytic function of CD8+ T cells not only promotes systemic autoimmunity but also accounts for the increased risk of infections. Additional information suggests that effector functi...
Source: Current Opinion in Rheumatology - October 9, 2021 Category: Rheumatology Tags: SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND SJOGREN SYNDROME: Edited by Amr H. Sawalha Source Type: research
