Application of behavioral economics for understanding health behaviors among adolescents and young adults
Purpose of review
Behavioral economics (BE) concepts have become well studied tools in addressing patient issues, such as weight loss, smoking cessation, and medication adherence. Although predominantly studied in adult populations, emerging literature has shown BE's utility for adolescent/young adult (AYA) populations, offering a practical framework to safeguard AYA health and influence healthy decision making.
Recent findings
We identified substantive areas in which BE concepts have been applied in AYA populations (e.g., substance use) and outline how these concepts have been used as a tool to identify individ...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - July 20, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ADOLESCENT MEDICINE: Edited by Sarah Pitts and Carly E. Guss Source Type: research
Zoomers: videoconferencing, appearance concerns, and potential effects on adolescents
Purpose of review
The cessation of in-person teaching to reduce the spread of COVID-19 dramatically increased the use of videoconferencing for home learning among adolescents.
Recent findings
A consistent finding across studies assessing the relationship between videoconferencing and appearance concerns was that time spent focused on self-view was related to greater appearance concerns. Videoconferencing was associated with an increase in desire for cosmetic surgery and other nonsurgical treatments. Among those at risk of eating disorders, videoconferencing was associated with more appearance-management behaviou...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - July 20, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ADOLESCENT MEDICINE: Edited by Sarah Pitts and Carly E. Guss Source Type: research
A review on the disparities in the identification and assessment of depression in Black adolescents and young adults. How can clinicians help to close the gap?
Purpose of review
Depression among Black youth has been under-identified, misdiagnosed and undertreated leaving many Black youth to suffer with this potentially debilitating condition. Thus, it is crucial to evaluate how to appropriately identify and treat depression in Black adolescents. This review outlines the risk factors for the development of depression in Black adolescents, the barriers they face when attempting to access mental healthcare and culturally sensitive actions steps a primary care provider can take to help increase the appropriate diagnosis and ultimate treatment of depression in Black adolescents.
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Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - July 20, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ADOLESCENT MEDICINE: Edited by Sarah Pitts and Carly E. Guss Source Type: research
Caring for adolescents and young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in primary care: seizing opportunities to address youth mental health needs
Purpose of review
To provide primary care providers (PCPs) with updated practical guidance around the assessment and management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents and young adults (AYA).
Recent findings
Of the three different presentations of ADHD delineated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Predominantly Inattentive presentation is the most common among AYA. Multiple rating scales exist to assist clinicians in identifying ADHD symptoms and monitoring treatment effects. Importantly, ADHD frequently persists into adulthood with ...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - July 20, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ADOLESCENT MEDICINE: Edited by Sarah Pitts and Carly E. Guss Source Type: research
Sexual violence experiences among adolescent and young adult males: a review to empower healthcare providers
Purpose of review
Despite 3–17% of adolescent and young adult males (AYAMs) experiencing sexual violence, there is a paucity of information regarding their sexual violence experiences leaving them vulnerable to dangerous and detrimental sequelae.
Recent findings
There is underreporting and under-discussion of AYAMs’ experiences of sexual violence, with disclosure influenced by societal perceptions of male sexuality, shame, and fear of discrimination. AYAMs experience sexual violence from individuals known to them, with many experiencing physical violence, threats, coercion, and electronic harassment. Interse...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - July 20, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ADOLESCENT MEDICINE: Edited by Sarah Pitts and Carly E. Guss Source Type: research
Editorial: A behavioral health crisis
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics)
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - July 20, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ADOLESCENT MEDICINE: Edited by Sarah Pitts and Carly E. Guss Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics)
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - July 20, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Puff bars: a dangerous trend in adolescent disposable e-cigarette use
Purpose of review
Puff Bars, a brand of disposable e-cigarettes, have skyrocketed in popularity recently, presenting significant health and safety risks to adolescents. Puff Bars and other disposable e-cigarette products are attractive to children and teenagers because of their vibrant colors and flavors, low cost, and ease of access. This review examines the rise in Puff Bar popularity, describes notable health and safety concerns, and provides advice for parents and pediatricians in identifying and preventing adolescent Puff Bar use.
Recent findings
Puff Bars have increased in popularity as their product desig...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - June 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: OFFICE PEDIATRICS: Edited by Henry H. Bernstein Source Type: research
Edible marijuana products and potential risks for pediatric populations
Purpose of review
In recent years, an increasing number of states have legalized marijuana, also known as cannabis, for recreational use. As marijuana becomes more accessible, adolescent use and accidental pediatric exposures are likely to become broad public health concerns. Edible marijuana products, which are consumable foods or beverages that contain cannabis extract, are particularly enticing to youth, as they come in appealing forms such as candies, cookies, and drinks. The purpose of this review is to provide pediatricians with an overview of the different types and potential dangers associated with edible marij...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - June 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: OFFICE PEDIATRICS: Edited by Henry H. Bernstein Source Type: research
Central venous catheter-associated deep vein thrombosis in critically ill pediatric patients: risk factors, prevention, and treatment
Purpose of review
Central venous catheter (CVC) placement and ICU admission are the two most important risk factors for pediatric deep vein thrombosis. The optimal prevention and treatment strategies for CVC-associated deep vein thrombosis (CADVT) are unclear, but recently, seminal studies have been published. This review aims to summarize the recent literature on CADVT in critically ill children.
Recent findings
Recent publications focused on three themes: risk factors, prevention, and treatment of CADVT. Newly identified risk factors for CADVT relate to Virchow's triad of hemostasis, blood vessel injury, and h...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - June 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE: Edited by Jean E. Klig and Clifford W. Bogue Source Type: research
Pediatric platelet transfusions in critical illness: a narrative review of recent studies
Purpose of review
We sought to describe the current use of platelet transfusions, harms associated with platelet transfusion, new methods of platelet processing that attempt to address these harms, and recent platelet transfusion guidance specific to critically ill children.
Recent findings
Platelet transfusions have been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. New processing techniques, such as pathogen reduction, have been developed to combat infectious risks but in a recent trial of platelet transfusion thresholds in neonates, transfusing platelets more liberally was associated with increased ble...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - June 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE: Edited by Jean E. Klig and Clifford W. Bogue Source Type: research
Thrombotic events in critically ill children with coronavirus disease 2019 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Purpose of review
To provide an update regarding what is known about thrombotic events and thromboprophylaxis in critically ill children with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Recent findings
Pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 generally have mild illness; however, intensive care is required in about 20–30% of hospitalized children with COVID-19 and an even higher proportion in those with MIS-C. Increased rates of thrombosis have been observed in adults hospitalized with COVID-19, and clinical trials have attempted to optimize thromboprophylaxis. There is significant variability in the estimated incidence of thrombosis in ...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - June 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE: Edited by Jean E. Klig and Clifford W. Bogue Source Type: research
Bivalirudin in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Purpose of review
This review summarizes the current literature surrounding the use of bivalirudin as an alternative anticoagulant for pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients.
Recent findings
Recent single center studies describe that bivalirudin may be associated with decreased blood product transfusion, decreased cost and similar clinical outcomes for pediatric ECMO patients who have failed unfractionated heparin (UFH) anticoagulation. aPTT is the most common test to monitor bivalirudin but has several limitations. Other tests including dilute thrombin time (dTT) and viscoelastic assays a...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - June 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE: Edited by Jean E. Klig and Clifford W. Bogue Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics)
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - June 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Updating the healthcare maintenance visit for children with medical complexity: applying lessons learned from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
This article uniquely describes how pediatric providers in various clinical settings can adapt routine healthcare maintenance visits to meet the needs of CMC in the era of COVID-19. We also discuss unique visit components important to address when providing primary care to CMC, including caregiver support, disaster preparedness, long-term care planning, and telemedicine.
Recent findings
Although some children may be less severely affected by COVID-19 than adults, current literature suggests that CMC may be at higher risk for severe disease. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the value in consistent, ...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - March 10, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: OFFICE PEDIATRICS: Edited by Henry H. Bernstein Source Type: research
