Consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the perinatal period
Purpose of review
To provide an update on the consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 infection on the health and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women and their infants.
Recent findings
The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection is greater in pregnant compared to nonpregnant women as measured by rates of admission to intensive care units, mechanical ventilation, mortality, and morbidities including myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolic and other thrombotic events, preeclampsia, preterm labor, and preterm birth. The risk of transmission from mother-to-infant is relatively low (1.5–5%) as...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - March 12, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: NEONATOLOGY AND PERINATOLOGY: Edited by Tara M. Randis and Thomas A. Hooven Source Type: research
Editorial: A new teacher
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics)
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - March 12, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: NEONATOLOGY AND PERINATOLOGY: Edited by Tara M. Randis and Thomas A. Hooven Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics)
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - March 12, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
TikTok, Tide Pods and Tiger King: health implications of trends taking over pediatric populations
Purpose of review
With children and adolescents constantly connected to their devices in an ever-changing technological landscape, new and emerging trends in entertainment media have created potential health implications for pediatric patients. The purpose of this review is to provide pediatricians with explanations of specific trends on streaming services, the popular new mobile application TikTok, recent widespread ‘Internet Challenges’ that include pediatric participants, and new technologies. These emerging trends can pose potential harms to the health and wellbeing of children and adolescents.
Recent findin...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: OFFICE PEDIATRICS: Edited by Henry H. Bernstein Source Type: research
The dual pandemics of COVID-19 and racism: impact on early childhood development and implications for physicians
This article discusses recent literature documenting the impact of racism on early childhood development, disparities in access to developmental services and ways healthcare providers and health systems can promote physician well being during these difficult times.
Recent findings
Exposure to racism begins prenatally, and early childhood experiences with racism are intimately tied to adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Early intervention is key to treating children with developmental delay, but disparities exist in accessing eligibility screening and in the provision of services. Paediatric providers are at...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: OFFICE PEDIATRICS: Edited by Henry H. Bernstein Source Type: research
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Purpose of review
Here we summarize current knowledge about multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a presumed postinfectious inflammatory condition that has emerged as an important COVID-19-associated complication, to help clinicians identify and manage cases.
Recent findings
Clinical presentation of MIS-C is dominated by significant inflammation. Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiac dysfunction, and hypotension are common features. Kawasaki disease-like findings are common, but epidemiologic data and recent mechanistic studies suggest that distinct inflammatory pathways mediate Kawasaki dis...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IMMUNIZATION: Edited by Robert Frenck Source Type: research
COVID-19 vaccine development: a pediatric perspective
Purpose of review
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused substantial morbidity and mortality. Operation Warp Speed aims to accelerate the development of a safe and effective vaccine by early 2021. Multiple vaccine candidates with reassuring safety and efficacy profiles have advanced to phase 3 clinical trials in adults. The purpose of this review is to describe the burden of COVID-19 in children, to update pediatricians about adult COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, to discuss the importance of COVID-19 vaccine trial...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IMMUNIZATION: Edited by Robert Frenck Source Type: research
Rewriting the playbook: infection prevention practices to mitigate nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission
Purpose of review
Given the limited evidence and experience with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), this novel pathogen has challenged the field of infection prevention. Despite uncertainty, infection prevention principles and experience with similar diseases have helped guide how to best protect providers and patients against disease acquisition.
Recent findings
Guidance to date has relied on data from SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV to guide practices on patient isolation and personal protective equipment (PPE) use. Although a face mask and eye protection are likely adequate for most clinica...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IMMUNIZATION: Edited by Robert Frenck Source Type: research
Acute severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 treatment overview for pediatrics
Purpose of review
The novel severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has caused a world-wide pandemic with devastating effects. Fortunately, most children display only mild-to-moderate symptoms, but there are a subset that will have severe symptoms warranting treatment. This review evaluates the current evidence for antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatment of acute SARS-COV-2 infections, including coronavirus disease 2019 in pediatrics.
Recent findings
Treatment recommendations continue to evolve with emerging results from clinical trials. Initial therapies were tailored to repurposed medica...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IMMUNIZATION: Edited by Robert Frenck Source Type: research
Diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2/COVID19
Purpose of review
SARS-CoV-2 is the novel human coronavirus responsible for the COVID19 pandemic. Accurate detection of infection with SARS-CoV-2 is an essential component of efforts to treat individual patients and to contain spread of the virus in the community. The purpose of this review is to describe current diagnostic modalities for SARS-CoV-2 and outline their use. Special considerations for pediatric age groups are included.
Recent findings
RNA PCR from the upper respiratory tract remains the gold standard for detection of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Antigen testing is being widely deployed as a faster an...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IMMUNIZATION: Edited by Robert Frenck Source Type: research
Epidemiologic trends and characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infections among children in the United States
Purpose of review
To review the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections among children in the United States.
Recent findings
In the United States, the majority of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children have been mild illnesses, with those 5–17 years of age having the highest frequency. Specifically, the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in children is two times higher in adolescents (12–17 years) than younger school-aged children (5–11 years). Despite the higher case counts in older children, 10% of pediatric hospitaliza...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IMMUNIZATION: Edited by Robert Frenck Source Type: research
Pediatric orthopedic mythbusters: the truth about flexible flatfeet, tibial and femoral torsion, W-sitting, and idiopathic toe-walking
Purpose of review
Myths, widely held but false or unproven beliefs, exist in pediatric orthopedics, with the most common examples related to flexible flatfeet, in-toeing/out-toeing, W-sitting, and toe-walking. Concerns regarding these findings and suggested treatments, unfounded in science, may be passed along verbally or published through various media, without citation. The current review investigates these myths and provides up to date recommendations on diagnosis and treatment (or lack of necessary treatment) for these common pediatric orthopedic findings.
Recent findings
Orthotics used in childhood do not a...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ORTHOPEDICS: Edited by Daniel W. Green Source Type: research
Do pediatric shoulder fractures benefit from surgery?
Purpose of review
We aimed to review considerations, current treatment options, and complications in the management of pediatric proximal humerus fractures.
Recent findings
Recent literature has shown an increased incidence of operative management of proximal humerus fractures. With increased age, and increased deformity, studies report excellent outcomes after operative treatment. Still, patients under the age of 12 and with Neer grade I and II fractures are consistently treated nonoperatively.
Summary
Indications for operative management of proximal humerus fractures in skeletally immature patients have...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ORTHOPEDICS: Edited by Daniel W. Green Source Type: research
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: diagnosis and treatment
Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to review recent findings regarding the diagnosis and treatment of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO).
Recent findings
An adequate understanding of pathophysiology along with the new advances in MRI imaging make it possible to determine the extent of disease and establish early treatment. TNF-α inhibitors and bisphosphonates have shown to be a well-tolerated and efficient treatment for CRMO providing both symptomatic relief and normalization of bone morphology.
Summary
The results of recent studies suggest that a better knowledge of the genetic ...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ORTHOPEDICS: Edited by Daniel W. Green Source Type: research
Update on premature physeal closure. Diagnosis and treatment
Purpose of review
Premature Physeal Closure (PPC) is the most common consequence of a mostly posttraumatic, physeal injury. They are of utmost importance because they can significantly alter physeal function and lead to disorders such as limb length discrepancies and angular deformities.
Recent findings
The type of physeal fracture has not demonstrated a solid predictive value in the formation of PPC, especially in the knee where almost any type of fracture can produce it. The detection of physeal damage with imaging tests (simple radiology and MRI) is very accurate; however, their predictive capacity to foretel...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - January 10, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ORTHOPEDICS: Edited by Daniel W. Green Source Type: research
