Efferent neuro-ophthalmic complications of coronavirus disease 2019
We describe syndromes affecting ocular motility and elaborate on mechanisms of disease, including para-infectious inflammation, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, and direct neurotropic viral invasion. Despite global vaccination programs, COVID-19 continues to pose an international threat that may rarely result in diplopia or nystagmus. Recent findings Efferent complications include cranial nerve palsies leading to diplopia, either isolated or in association with Miller Fisher syndrome. Nystagmus has been observed in the setting of hemorrhagic acute necrotizing encephalopathy and brainstem infarcts, and opsoclo...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - October 14, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY: Edited by Dean Cestari Source Type: research

Ocular neuromyotonia: a review of diagnosis and treatment
Purpose of review The current review will cover the clinical presentation, causes, epidemiology, differential diagnoses, workup, and treatment of ocular neuromyotonia (ONM) in detail. Recent findings While ONM largely remains a unilateral eye movement disease affecting adults with a history of sellar radiation, recent case reports highlight an expansion of this presentation to include bilateral, pediatric, and congenital cases. Summary ONM is a rare but recognizable ocular motility disorder involving sustained contraction of the extraocular muscle, commonly resulting in intermittent diplopia. Diagnosis of...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - October 14, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY: Edited by Dean Cestari Source Type: research

Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology)
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - October 14, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research

Phakic intraocular lenses: an update and review for the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism in the United States
Purpose of review To review all phakic intraocular lenses (pIOLs) available in the United States for the correction of myopia or myopic astigmatism and offer a clinical approach to their proper use, postoperative follow-up, and analysis of visual and adverse outcomes. Recent findings In March 2022, the FDA approved the EVO/EVO+ Visian ICL for widespread use, adding this lens to the two others available (Verisyse, Visian ICL). Cataract formation, endothelial cell loss (ECL) and surgical reintervention remain the most common adverse events. There are discrepancies between studies on ECL following implantation with...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: SPECIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research

Advances in eye banking and corneal tissue processing
This article reviews the techniques that are now being utilized to prepare donor tissue for endothelial keratoplasty (EK) with a focus on Ultrathin-DSAEK, prestamped, prestained, preloaded DMEK tissue, and advancements to improve the safety of donor corneal tissue. Summary Collaborative efforts between surgeons and eye banks have been at the core of advances that have been made in EK over the past decade. Corneal surgery starts in the eye bank, and it is important for corneal surgeons to understand the process and appreciate the efforts that have been made to provide them with suitable and safe donor corneal tissue....
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: SPECIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research

Artificial intelligence in retinal imaging for cardiovascular disease prediction: current trends and future directions
Purpose of review Retinal microvasculature assessment has shown promise to enhance cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification. Integrating artificial intelligence into retinal microvasculature analysis may increase the screening capacity of CVD risks compared with risk score calculation through blood-taking. This review summarizes recent advancements in artificial intelligence based retinal photograph analysis for CVD prediction, and suggests challenges and future prospects for translation into a clinical setting. Recent findings Artificial intelligence based retinal microvasculature analyses potentially p...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/BIG DATA: Edited by Cecilia S. Lee, Aaron Y. Lee and Daniel Ting Source Type: research

Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: an insight into neurodegenerative disease
Purpose of review The aging world population accounts for the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's which carry a significant health and economic burden. There is therefore a need for sensitive and specific noninvasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring. Advances in retinal and optic nerve multimodal imaging as well as the development of artificial intelligence deep learning systems (AI-DLS) have heralded a number of promising advances of which ophthalmologists are at the forefront. Recent findings The association among retinal vascular, nerve fiber la...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/BIG DATA: Edited by Cecilia S. Lee, Aaron Y. Lee and Daniel Ting Source Type: research

Artificial intelligence in dementia
Purpose of review Artificial intelligence tools are being rapidly integrated into clinical environments and may soon be incorporated into dementia diagnostic paradigms. A comprehensive review of emerging trends will allow physicians and other healthcare providers to better anticipate and understand these powerful tools. Recent findings Machine learning models that utilize cerebral biomarkers are demonstrably effective for dementia identification and prediction; however, cerebral biomarkers are relatively expensive and not widely available. As eye images harbor several ophthalmic biomarkers that mirror the state ...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/BIG DATA: Edited by Cecilia S. Lee, Aaron Y. Lee and Daniel Ting Source Type: research

Towards effective data sharing in ophthalmology: data standardization and data privacy
Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of updates in data standardization and data privacy in ophthalmology. These topics represent two key aspects of medical information sharing and are important knowledge areas given trends in data-driven healthcare. Recent findings Standardization and privacy can be seen as complementary aspects that pertain to data sharing. Standardization promotes the ease and efficacy through which data is shared. Privacy considerations ensure that data sharing is appropriate and sufficiently controlled. There is active development in both areas, including g...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/BIG DATA: Edited by Cecilia S. Lee, Aaron Y. Lee and Daniel Ting Source Type: research

Artificial intelligence and corneal diseases
This article aims to review the most current clinical artificial intelligence applications in anterior segment diseases, with an emphasis on microbial keratitis, keratoconus, dry eye syndrome, and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy. Recent findings Most current artificial intelligence approaches have focused on developing deep learning algorithms based on various imaging modalities. Algorithms have been developed to detect and differentiate microbial keratitis classes and quantify microbial keratitis features. Artificial intelligence may aid with early detection and staging of keratoconus. Many advances have been made to d...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/BIG DATA: Edited by Cecilia S. Lee, Aaron Y. Lee and Daniel Ting Source Type: research

Building trust in real-world data: lessons from INSIGHT, the UK's health data research hub for eye health and oculomics
Purpose of review In this review, we consider the challenges of creating a trusted resource for real-world data in ophthalmology, based on our experience of establishing INSIGHT, the UK's Health Data Research Hub for Eye Health and Oculomics. Recent findings The INSIGHT Health Data Research Hub maximizes the benefits and impact of historical, patient-level UK National Health Service (NHS) electronic health record data, including images, through making it research-ready including curation and anonymisation. It is built around a shared ‘north star’ of enabling research for patient benefit. INSIGHT has worked t...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/BIG DATA: Edited by Cecilia S. Lee, Aaron Y. Lee and Daniel Ting Source Type: research

The American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS Registry (Intelligent Research In Sight): current and future state of big data analytics
Purpose of review To describe the drivers, development, and current state of the American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS Registry (Intelligent Research In Sight), and analytics involving deidentified aggregate IRIS Registry data. Recent findings The IRIS Registry has a core mission of quality improvement and reporting. In addition, analytic projects performed to date have included characterizing patient populations and diseases, incidence, and prevalence; clinical outcomes and complications; risk factors and effect modifiers; practice patterns; and trends over time. Pipeline projects include application of artifi...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/BIG DATA: Edited by Cecilia S. Lee, Aaron Y. Lee and Daniel Ting Source Type: research

Contractual considerations in the private equity era
Private equity (PE) has grown rapidly in medicine. The reintroduction of PE in ophthalmology has necessitated a greater understanding of the potential contractual relationships with PE firms from both a practice owner and an employee physician perspective. There are contractual obligations that need to be met as PE agreements are designed to ensure clear investment patterns and abide by legal mandates. A practice owner entering into a PE contract needs to consider how the practice is being valued, what their obligations are to the PE entity after the sale has been completed to attain full compensation and understand their ...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: PRIVATE EQUITY: Edited by Christina Y. Weng and Jayanth Sridhar Source Type: research

To sell or not to sell: considerations when evaluating private equity acquisitions
Purpose of review Many private practice ophthalmology groups are considering a partnership with private equity. When evaluating whether to remain independent or to engage an equity partner, practice leaders must analyze their existing practice, address issues of equity transitions, management, and governance, and determine strategic goals. This paper discusses the factors that need to be considered when evaluating the possibility of an acquisition model. Summary When considering a partnership with private equity, a thriving and mature private practice must conduct an in-depth analysis of four factors: how to tra...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: PRIVATE EQUITY: Edited by Christina Y. Weng and Jayanth Sridhar Source Type: research

Private equity acquisitions: physician considerations at different stages of career
Purpose of review To assess the impact of private equity acquisitions on physician career considerations, with particular attention to stage of career. Recent findings Recent studies have demonstrated a clear increase in private equity acquisitions in ophthalmology, particularly in retina-oriented practices. Survey-related publications of recent fellow graduates may provide insights regarding considerations of early career ophthalmologists, whereas commentaries from senior ophthalmologists offer insights to considerations of late career physicians. To date, no published evidence exists regarding the differential...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - August 9, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Tags: PRIVATE EQUITY: Edited by Christina Y. Weng and Jayanth Sridhar Source Type: research