Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Current international and national guidelines for managing skin and soft tissue infections
Purpose of review
Skin and soft tissue infections account for a significant percentage of both community and nosocomial infections. Several nosological entities are included in this concept. However, there is a very scarce body of doctrine for their treatment based on randomised trials. Therefore, we considered it necessary to review current treatment guidelines to bring new recommendations and improvements to our colleagues. In this review of recent literature, we identified updated guidelines in this area by searching the databases PubMed, evidence-based medicine online, York University reviewers group, Cochrane, MBE...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - March 10, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: SKIN AND SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS: Edited by Matteo Bassetti Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases)
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - March 10, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Challenges of sexually transmitted infections and sexual health among people who inject drugs
Purpose of review
This review provides a summary of recently published research on sexually transmitted infections (STI) and related behaviors among people who inject drugs (PWID), covering three major areas: sexual behavior and its role in STI transmission among PWID, multilevel factors associated with STI risk, and strategies addressing sexual health of PWID. This review is timely given the growing priority of combination prevention approaches and integrated care for PWID.
Recent findings
Modern research improves the understanding that PWID have an increased risk of STI, which varies by gender, setting, type o...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: STD: Edited by Joseph A. Duncan Source Type: research
Progress and challenges in human papillomavirus and cervical cancer in southern Africa
Purpose of review
Although cervical cancer is preventable, it is the leading cancer among women in southern Africa. The association of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) with almost all invasive cervical cancers has led to the development of effective primary and secondary prevention measures. This review focuses on updated and new evidence of the epidemiology of HPV and HPV-based secondary prevention in southern Africa.
Recent findings
HR-HPV prevalence in southern Africa differs between regions, and varies most by HIV prevalence and age. HR-HPV prevalence among women living with HIV (WLWH) is reported bet...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: STD: Edited by Joseph A. Duncan Source Type: research
Rectal chlamydia infections: implications for reinfection risk, screening, and treatment guidelines
Purpose of review
Rectal chlamydia is a prevalent sexually transmissible infection in both men who have sex with men (MSM) and in women. Screening is recommended for MSM but remains controversial for women. The optimal treatment for rectal chlamydia is now conclusive but interpreting and managing positive results remains challenging. Infections among MSM are increasing and strategies are needed to reduce incident infections. This review summarizes recent developments for the screening and management of rectal chlamydia and its implications on reinfection.
Recent findings
Reinfections in MSM may be occurring due ...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: STD: Edited by Joseph A. Duncan Source Type: research
Immunotherapeutic approaches to HIV cure and remission
Purpose of review
Despite improvements in the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART), there are still unmet needs for people living with HIV which drive the search for a cure for HIV infection. The goal of this review is to discuss the challenges and recent immunotherapeutic advances towards developing a safe, effective and durable cure strategy for HIV.
Recent findings
In recent years, advances have been made in uncovering the mechanisms of persistence of latent HIV and in developing more accurate assays to measure the intact proviral reservoir. Broadly neutralising antibodies and modern techniques to en...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV INFECTIONS AND AIDS: Edited by David Dockrell Source Type: research
Frailty in people living with HIV: an update
Purpose of review
The HIV population is ageing with rising rates of frailty though strategies of how best to manage it remain ill-defined. It also remains unclear what the prevalence of frailty is within this cohort, how best to diagnose it and what factors are associated.
Recent findings
The prevalence of frailty remains unclear because of heterogenous results. Routine screening in those 50+ is recommended and whilst the Fried Frailty Phenotype is currently preferred the Clinical Frailty Scale could be considered. No biomarkers are currently recommended. Looking at associated factors, HIV neurocognitive impairm...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV INFECTIONS AND AIDS: Edited by David Dockrell Source Type: research
Biomarkers to predict cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV
Purpose of review
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in antiretroviral treated people living with HIV (PWH) with risk score algorithms based on traditional risk factors being shown to be consistently unreliable in estimating risk in this population. This review aims to examine recent data published in last 18–24 months exploring biomarkers that may be useful in identifying PWH at risk of developing CVD.
Recent findings
Ongoing research explores the association of inflammatory biomarkers with subclinical CVD with few studies examining their clinical utility in...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV INFECTIONS AND AIDS: Edited by David Dockrell Source Type: research
The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on people with HIV
This article provides an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on people with, and at risk of, HIV infection. It addresses where the global response to HIV was expected to be by 2020, analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on HIV-related outcomes and reviews the impact of HIV on COVID-19 related outcomes.
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the response to HIV infection through disruption of prevention, testing, and access to antiretroviral treatment, as well as on the management of long-term HIV and mental health. This negative impact has been unequal throughout the world and across populations and dee...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV INFECTIONS AND AIDS: Edited by David Dockrell Source Type: research
What will it take to meet UNAIDS targets for preexposure prophylaxis users?
Purpose of review
Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a critical strategy to curb new HIV infections globally. National and global targets have been set for people starting PrEP. However, global PrEP initiations fell short of UNAIDS 2020 targets, and reflection is needed on how we set and meet targets for PrEP use.
Recent findings
Recent literature documents challenges to meeting ambitious goals for PrEP coverage in multiple phases of PrEP: PrEP initiations are limited by gaps in the identification of those who might benefit from PrEP. Conversely, getting PrEP to those who need it most is threatened by inaccurate ...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV INFECTIONS AND AIDS: Edited by David Dockrell Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases)
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - December 28, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Role of new antibiotics in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-, AmpC- infections
Purpose of review
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)- and ampicillinase class C (AmpC)-producing Enterobacterales represent one of the major public threats of the current era. As a consequence, during the last decades there have been great efforts to develop new therapeutic agents against these microorganisms. The aim of this review is to summarize the clinical features associated with novel antibiotics with activity against ESBL- and AmpC-producing isolates.
Recent findings
There a number of therapeutic agents with activity against ESBL and AmpC than have been introduced and approved over the past few years...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - November 22, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTIONS: Edited by Matteo Bassetti Source Type: research
Continuous versus intermittent infusion of antibiotics in Gram-negative multidrug-resistant infections
Purpose of review
The aim of this review was to perform a critical reappraisal of the real-world evidence supporting administration by prolonged infusion of novel beta-lactams for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections.
Recent findings
Real-world evidence support the use of novel beta-lactams by prolonged infusion over intermittent infusion in terms of achieving aggressive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target for either maximizing efficacy and clinical outcome or suppressing the emergence of resistance development. Continuous infusion of ceftolozane-tazobactam showed a marked su...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - November 22, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTIONS: Edited by Matteo Bassetti Source Type: research
Echocardiography and FDG-PET/CT scan in Gram-negative bacteremia and cardiovascular infections
Purpose of review
Current evidence on cardiovascular infections in Gram-negative blood stream infections (GNBSI) with focus on the use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose - positron emission tomography/Computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in the diagnostic workup.
Recent findings
Most evidence focuses on characteristics of diagnosed cardiovascular infections and the proportion caused by GNBSI. These proportions are low (1–5%) when it comes to native and prosthetic valve endocarditis as well as cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections whereas the proportion of vascula...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - November 22, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTIONS: Edited by Matteo Bassetti Source Type: research
Current opinion in management of septic shock due to Gram-negative bacteria
Purpose of review
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused multiple challenges to ICUs, including an increased rate of secondary infections, mostly caused by Gram-negative micro-organisms. Worrying trends of resistance acquisition complicate this picture. We provide a review of the latest evidence to guide management of patients with septic shock because of Gram-negative bacteria.
Recent findings
New laboratory techniques to detect pathogens and specific resistance patterns from the initial culture are available. Those may assist decreasing the time to adequate antimicrobial therapy and avoid unnecessary broad-spectrum ...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - November 22, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTIONS: Edited by Matteo Bassetti Source Type: research
