M1-aminopeptidase family - beyond antigen-trimming activities
Curr Opin Immunol. 2023 May 20;83:102337. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102337. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAntigen (Ag)-trimming aminopeptidases belong to the oxytocinase subfamily of M1 metallopeptidases. In humans, this subfamily contains the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 1 and 2 (ERAP1 and 2) and the insulin-responsive aminopeptidase (IRAP, synonym oxytocinase), an endosomal enzyme. The ability of these enzymes to trim antigenic precursors and to generate major histocompatibility class-I ligands has been demonstrated extensively for ERAP1, less for ERAP2, which is absent in rodents, and exclusively in the context o...
Source: Current Opinion in Immunology - May 22, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Irini Evnouchidou Despoina Koumantou Mathilde Nugue Loredana Saveanu Source Type: research
The thymoproteasome in shaping the CD8 < sup > + < /sup > T-cell repertoire
Curr Opin Immunol. 2023 May 19;83:102336. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102336. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe thymoproteasome is a type of proteasome expressed specifically in thymic cortical epithelial cells. Thymoproteasome affects antigen processing of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I-associated peptides and optimizes positive selection of CD8+ T cells. However, it remains unanswered whether and how thymoproteasome-dependent MHC-I-associated self-peptides contribute to positive selection of cortical thymocytes. This short piece discusses the potential mechanisms of thymoproteasome contribution to positive selectio...
Source: Current Opinion in Immunology - May 21, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yousuke Takahama Source Type: research
In search of the cell biology for self- versus non-self- recognition
Curr Opin Immunol. 2023 May 19;83:102334. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102334. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSeveral of today's cancer treatments are based on the immune system's capacity to detect and destroy cells expressing neoantigens on major histocompatibility class-I molecules (MHC-I). Despite this, we still do not know the cell biology behind how antigenic peptide substrates (APSs) for the MHC-I pathway are produced. Indeed, there are few research fields with so many divergent views as the one concerning the source of APSs. This is quite remarkable considering their fundamental role in the immune systems' capacity to de...
Source: Current Opinion in Immunology - May 21, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sebastien Apcher Borek Vojtesek Robin Fahraeus Source Type: research
T < sub > H < /sub > 17 cell immune adaptation
Curr Opin Immunol. 2023 May 10;83:102333. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102333. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAt mucosal barriers, the T helper 17 (TH17) cell population plays a fundamental role in controlling tissue homeostasis. The adaptability of this population to a more pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory function - that is, their functional plasticity and consequently heterogeneity - primarily depends on the environment. We would like to term this process environmental immune adaptation. Interfering with TH17 cell adaptation leads to pathological consequences, including development of immune-mediated inflammatory disease...
Source: Current Opinion in Immunology - May 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Theodora Agalioti Filippo Cortesi Nicola Gagliani Source Type: research
T < sub > H < /sub > 17 cell immune adaptation
Curr Opin Immunol. 2023 May 10;83:102333. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102333. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAt mucosal barriers, the T helper 17 (TH17) cell population plays a fundamental role in controlling tissue homeostasis. The adaptability of this population to a more pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory function - that is, their functional plasticity and consequently heterogeneity - primarily depends on the environment. We would like to term this process environmental immune adaptation. Interfering with TH17 cell adaptation leads to pathological consequences, including development of immune-mediated inflammatory disease...
Source: Current Opinion in Immunology - May 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Theodora Agalioti Filippo Cortesi Nicola Gagliani Source Type: research
