Evolutionary dynamics between transposable elements and their host genomes: mechanisms of suppression and escape
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 28;82:102092. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102092. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTransposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous among eukaryotic species. Their evolutionary persistence is likely due to a combination of tolerogenic, evasive/antagonistic, and cooperative interactions with their host genomes. Here, we focus on metazoan species and review recent advances related to the harmful effects of TE insertions, including how epigenetic effects and TE-derived RNAs can damage host cells. We discuss new findings related to host pathways that silence TEs, such as the piRNA pathway and the APOBEC3 and K...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 30, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Matthew A Lawlor Christopher E Ellison Source Type: research

Evolutionary dynamics between transposable elements and their host genomes: mechanisms of suppression and escape
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 28;82:102092. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102092. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTransposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous among eukaryotic species. Their evolutionary persistence is likely due to a combination of tolerogenic, evasive/antagonistic, and cooperative interactions with their host genomes. Here, we focus on metazoan species and review recent advances related to the harmful effects of TE insertions, including how epigenetic effects and TE-derived RNAs can damage host cells. We discuss new findings related to host pathways that silence TEs, such as the piRNA pathway and the APOBEC3 and K...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 30, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Matthew A Lawlor Christopher E Ellison Source Type: research

Evolutionary dynamics between transposable elements and their host genomes: mechanisms of suppression and escape
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 28;82:102092. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102092. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTransposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous among eukaryotic species. Their evolutionary persistence is likely due to a combination of tolerogenic, evasive/antagonistic, and cooperative interactions with their host genomes. Here, we focus on metazoan species and review recent advances related to the harmful effects of TE insertions, including how epigenetic effects and TE-derived RNAs can damage host cells. We discuss new findings related to host pathways that silence TEs, such as the piRNA pathway and the APOBEC3 and K...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 30, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Matthew A Lawlor Christopher E Ellison Source Type: research

In vivo cell fate reprogramming for spinal cord repair
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 26;82:102090. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102090. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSpinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to the loss of motor, sensory, or autonomic function due to neuronal death. Unfortunately, the adult mammalian spinal cord has limited intrinsic regenerative capacity, making it difficult to rebuild the neural circuits necessary for functional recovery. However, recent evidence suggests that in vivo fate reprogramming of resident cells that are normally non-neurogenic can generate new neurons. This process also improves the pathological microenvironment, and the new neurons can integra...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 28, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wenjiao Tai Chun-Li Zhang Source Type: research

In vivo cell fate reprogramming for spinal cord repair
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 26;82:102090. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102090. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSpinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to the loss of motor, sensory, or autonomic function due to neuronal death. Unfortunately, the adult mammalian spinal cord has limited intrinsic regenerative capacity, making it difficult to rebuild the neural circuits necessary for functional recovery. However, recent evidence suggests that in vivo fate reprogramming of resident cells that are normally non-neurogenic can generate new neurons. This process also improves the pathological microenvironment, and the new neurons can integra...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 28, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wenjiao Tai Chun-Li Zhang Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived lipokines in metabolism
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 18;81:102089. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102089. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue is a crucial regulator of metabolism with functions that include energy storage and dissipation as well as the secretion of bioactive molecules. As the largest endocrine organ in the body, the adipose tissue produces diverse bioactive molecules, including peptides, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles, which communicate with and modulate the function of other organs. In recent years, lipid metabolites, also known as lipokines, have emerged as key signaling molecules that actively participate in multip...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadataka Tsuji Yu-Hua Tseng Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived lipokines in metabolism
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 18;81:102089. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102089. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue is a crucial regulator of metabolism with functions that include energy storage and dissipation as well as the secretion of bioactive molecules. As the largest endocrine organ in the body, the adipose tissue produces diverse bioactive molecules, including peptides, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles, which communicate with and modulate the function of other organs. In recent years, lipid metabolites, also known as lipokines, have emerged as key signaling molecules that actively participate in multip...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadataka Tsuji Yu-Hua Tseng Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived lipokines in metabolism
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 18;81:102089. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102089. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue is a crucial regulator of metabolism with functions that include energy storage and dissipation as well as the secretion of bioactive molecules. As the largest endocrine organ in the body, the adipose tissue produces diverse bioactive molecules, including peptides, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles, which communicate with and modulate the function of other organs. In recent years, lipid metabolites, also known as lipokines, have emerged as key signaling molecules that actively participate in multip...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadataka Tsuji Yu-Hua Tseng Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived lipokines in metabolism
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 18;81:102089. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102089. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue is a crucial regulator of metabolism with functions that include energy storage and dissipation as well as the secretion of bioactive molecules. As the largest endocrine organ in the body, the adipose tissue produces diverse bioactive molecules, including peptides, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles, which communicate with and modulate the function of other organs. In recent years, lipid metabolites, also known as lipokines, have emerged as key signaling molecules that actively participate in multip...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadataka Tsuji Yu-Hua Tseng Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived lipokines in metabolism
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 18;81:102089. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102089. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue is a crucial regulator of metabolism with functions that include energy storage and dissipation as well as the secretion of bioactive molecules. As the largest endocrine organ in the body, the adipose tissue produces diverse bioactive molecules, including peptides, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles, which communicate with and modulate the function of other organs. In recent years, lipid metabolites, also known as lipokines, have emerged as key signaling molecules that actively participate in multip...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadataka Tsuji Yu-Hua Tseng Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived lipokines in metabolism
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 18;81:102089. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102089. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue is a crucial regulator of metabolism with functions that include energy storage and dissipation as well as the secretion of bioactive molecules. As the largest endocrine organ in the body, the adipose tissue produces diverse bioactive molecules, including peptides, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles, which communicate with and modulate the function of other organs. In recent years, lipid metabolites, also known as lipokines, have emerged as key signaling molecules that actively participate in multip...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadataka Tsuji Yu-Hua Tseng Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived lipokines in metabolism
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 18;81:102089. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102089. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdipose tissue is a crucial regulator of metabolism with functions that include energy storage and dissipation as well as the secretion of bioactive molecules. As the largest endocrine organ in the body, the adipose tissue produces diverse bioactive molecules, including peptides, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles, which communicate with and modulate the function of other organs. In recent years, lipid metabolites, also known as lipokines, have emerged as key signaling molecules that actively participate in multip...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadataka Tsuji Yu-Hua Tseng Source Type: research

Jack of all trades versus master of one: how generalist versus specialist strategies of transposable elements relate  to their horizontal transfer between lineages
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 15;81:102080. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102080. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTransposable elements (TEs) are obligate genomic parasites, relying on host germline cells to ensure their replication and passage to future generations. While some TEs exhibit high fidelity to their host genome, being passed from parent to offspring through vertical transmission for millions of years, others frequently invade new and distantly related hosts through horizontal transfer. In this review, I highlight how the complexity of interactions between TE and host required for transposition may be an important dete...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 17, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Erin S Kelleher Source Type: research

Jack of all trades versus master of one: how generalist versus specialist strategies of transposable elements relate  to their horizontal transfer between lineages
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 15;81:102080. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102080. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTransposable elements (TEs) are obligate genomic parasites, relying on host germline cells to ensure their replication and passage to future generations. While some TEs exhibit high fidelity to their host genome, being passed from parent to offspring through vertical transmission for millions of years, others frequently invade new and distantly related hosts through horizontal transfer. In this review, I highlight how the complexity of interactions between TE and host required for transposition may be an important dete...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 17, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Erin S Kelleher Source Type: research

Jack of all trades versus master of one: how generalist versus specialist strategies of transposable elements relate  to their horizontal transfer between lineages
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Jul 15;81:102080. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102080. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTransposable elements (TEs) are obligate genomic parasites, relying on host germline cells to ensure their replication and passage to future generations. While some TEs exhibit high fidelity to their host genome, being passed from parent to offspring through vertical transmission for millions of years, others frequently invade new and distantly related hosts through horizontal transfer. In this review, I highlight how the complexity of interactions between TE and host required for transposition may be an important dete...
Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - July 17, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Erin S Kelleher Source Type: research