The Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy before Osimertinib in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutant Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Communicating It to Patients
Curr Oncol. 2024 Feb 13;31(2):987-997. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020074.ABSTRACTPatients with radically resected stage II and III NSCLC are exposed to a high risk of disease recurrence. Thus, adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is routinely offered to this patient population, although it results in an absolute increase in 5-year survival rate of only 4%. This modest improvement in survival rate makes it challenging to communicate to our patients about the decision to be treated with adjuvant chemotherapy or not. Nowadays, the decision to administer adjuvant chemotherapy or not in resected NSCLC is almost never completely s...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Paolo Maione Rosario Salvi Cesare Gridelli Source Type: research

Insulin Resistance: The Increased Risk of Cancers
Curr Oncol. 2024 Feb 13;31(2):998-1027. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020075.ABSTRACTInsulin resistance, also known as impaired insulin sensitivity, is the result of a decreased reaction of insulin signaling to blood glucose levels. This state is observed when muscle cells, adipose tissue, and liver cells, improperly respond to a particular concentration of insulin. Insulin resistance and related increased plasma insulin levels (hyperinsulinemia) may cause metabolic impairments, which are pathological states observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Observations of cancer patients confirm that hyperinsulinemia is a major...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Leszek Szablewski Source Type: research

Involvement of Palliative Care in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Patients and Associations with Survival and End-of-Life Outcomes
Curr Oncol. 2024 Feb 14;31(2):1028-1034. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020076.ABSTRACTMalignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare, aggressive, and incurable cancer with a poor prognosis and high symptom burden. For these patients, little is known about the impact of palliative care consultation on outcomes such as mortality, hospital admissions, or emergency department visits. The aim of this study is to determine if referral to supportive and palliative care in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma is associated with survival and decreased hospital admissions and emergency department visits. This is a retrospective chart re...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Andrew Baird Abdullah Nasser Peter Tanuseputro Colleen Webber Paul Wheatley-Price Camille Munro Source Type: research

Effects of Group Exercise Intervention on Quality of Life and Physical Parameters in Patients with Childhood Cancer: A Systematic Review
CONCLUSION: The reviewed studies showed that group exercise intervention for children with cancer could improve their QOL and/or physical parameters.PMID:38392071 | PMC:PMC10887515 | DOI:10.3390/curroncol31020077 (Source: Current Oncology)
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yurina Doi Masato Ogawa Kodai Ishihara Junichiro Inoue Kazuhiro P Izawa Source Type: research

Contemporary Systemic Therapy Intensification for Prostate Cancer: A Review for General Practitioners in Oncology
Curr Oncol. 2024 Feb 15;31(2):1047-1062. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020078.ABSTRACTProstate cancer accounts for a significant proportion of cancer diagnoses in Canadian men. Over the past decade, the therapeutic landscape for the management of metastatic prostate cancer has undergone rapid changes. Novel strategies use hormonal agents, chemotherapy, homologous recombination repair inhibitors, and radioligand therapy or combination strategies in addition to androgen deprivation therapy. In this review, we summarize the available data addressing key therapeutic areas along the disease continuum and focus on practical aspects fo...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Anupam Batra Daniel Glick Mario Valdes Source Type: research

BCG and Alternative Therapies to BCG Therapy for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Curr Oncol. 2024 Feb 16;31(2):1063-1078. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020079.ABSTRACTBladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Treatment decisions are mostly decided based on disease stage (non-muscle invasive or muscle invasive). Patients with muscle-invasive disease will be offered a radical treatment combined with systemic therapy, while in those with non-muscle-invasive disease, an attempt to resect the tumor endoscopically will usually be followed by different intravesical instillations. The goal of intravesical therapy is to decrease the recurrence and/or progression of the tumor. In the current landscape of bladder canc...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sarah Lidagoster Reuben Ben-David Benjamin De Leon John P Sfakianos Source Type: research

Liver Transplantation for Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastasis: Perspective and Review of Current Literature
Curr Oncol. 2024 Feb 16;31(2):1079-1090. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020080.ABSTRACTThe treatment of unresectable colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) has previously been limited to palliative chemotherapy. Traditionally, the role of liver transplant has not been associated with sufficient survival to justify a patient undergoing a major operation with the associated requirement for postoperative immunosuppression. With improvements in chemotherapy options, a certain subset of patients can experience stable disease for years, which has prompted investigation into the role of liver transplant in these patients. Several recent stu...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Todd J Robinson Kaelyn Cummins Allan Tsung Source Type: research

Learnings from Racialized Adolescents and Young Adults with Lived Experiences of Cancer: "It's Okay to Critique the System That Claims to Save Us"
This article represents the first phase of an 18-month, patient-oriented, Participatory Action Research project focused on cancer care for racialized AYAs that is situated within a broader program of research focused on transforming cancer care for AYAs. Semi-structured interviews were completed with 18 AYAs who self-identify as racialized, have lived experiences with cancer, and have received treatment in Canada. Following participant review of their transcripts, the transcripts were de-identified, and then coded by three separate authors. Five main themes were identified using thematic analysis, including the need to fee...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tiffany T Hill Ian R Cooper Param K Gill Ada J Okonkwo-Dappa Cheryl H Heykoop Source Type: research

Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of Salivary Substitute with Enzymatic System for Xerostomia in Patients Irradiated in Head and Neck Region
This study aims to compare whether the use of a salivary substitute including an enzymatic system clinically reduces the intensity of xerostomia, as well as exploring the impact that this has on the quality of life, in patients who had received radiotherapy in the head and neck (HNC) region. Forty patients who had completed radiotherapy treatment within 6 months to 1 year previously were allocated into an Enzymatic Spray group (n = 21) or a Placebo arm (n = 19). It should be noted that two patients in the Placebo arm declined to participate during phase 2 of the study. All patients were randomized and used both products th...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Let ícia Pacheco Porangaba Fl ávio de Melo Garcia Ana Paula Alvarenga Antonio Rabelo Amanda Puche Andrade Fabio de Abreu Alves Antonio C ássio Assis Pellizzon Graziella Chagas Jaguar Source Type: research

Vitiligo-like Lesions as a Predictor of Response to Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Comprehensive Review and Case Series from a University Center
Curr Oncol. 2024 Feb 19;31(2):1113-1128. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020083.ABSTRACTThe reference to vitiligo-like lesions (VLLs) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a valuable predictive marker of treatment success of immunotherapy with ICIs in melanoma has been mentioned in the literature. Its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-treated patients remains a poorly recognized phenomenon with uncertain significance regarding its predictive value. A retrospective, observational, single-center report was performed, with descriptive analysis of clinicopathological and treatment characteristics of patients with ...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jo ão Queirós Coelho Raquel Rom ão Maria Jo ão Sousa S érgio Xavier Azevedo Paula Fidalgo Ant ónio Araújo Source Type: research

Homing and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Following Transplantation: A Pre-Clinical Perspective
Curr Oncol. 2024 Jan 23;31(2):603-616. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020044.ABSTRACTHematopoietic stem-cell (HSC) transplantation (HSCT) is used to treat various hematologic disorders. Use of genetically modified mouse models of hematopoietic cell transplantation has been critical in our fundamental understanding of HSC biology and in developing approaches for human patients. Pre-clinical studies in animal models provide insight into the journey of transplanted HSCs from infusion to engraftment in bone-marrow (BM) niches. Various signaling molecules and growth factors secreted by HSCs and the niche microenvironment play critical...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tanvir Hasan Ajay Ratan Pasala Dhuha Hassan Justine Hanotaux David S Allan Harinad B Maganti Source Type: research

Radiation Segmentectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Curr Oncol. 2024 Jan 23;31(2):617-628. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020045.ABSTRACTThe application of trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) with Yttrium-90, historically a palliative treatment option for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is evolving. Radiation segmentectomy (RADSEG), the segmental delivery of an ablative radiation dose, is a treatment option for patients with earlier-stage HCC. This review presents an in-depth exploration of RADSEG, emphasizing its technical considerations, dosimetry advancements, and patient selection. The integration of RADSEG into the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCL...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Muhamad Serhal Farnaz Dadrass Edward Kim Robert J Lewandowski Source Type: research

Preparing for and Not Waiting for Surgery
Curr Oncol. 2024 Jan 23;31(2):629-648. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020046.ABSTRACTCancer surgery is an essential treatment strategy but can disrupt patients' physical and psychological health. With worldwide demand for surgery expected to increase, this review aims to raise awareness of this global public health concern, present a stepwise framework for preoperative risk evaluation, and propose the adoption of personalised prehabilitation to mitigate risk. Perioperative medicine is a growing speciality that aims to improve clinical outcome by preparing patients for the stress associated with surgery. Preparation should begin a...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Andrew Bates Malcolm A West Sandy Jack Michael P W Grocott Source Type: research

The Impact of Chemotherapy on Cardiovascular Mortality across Breast Cancer Subtypes
CONCLUSION: Breast cancer patients on chemotherapy face an elevated cardiovascular mortality risk, especially with aggressive subtypes (HER2-enriched, TNBC), advanced age, or HER2+/HR+ cancer receiving long-term treatment.PMID:38392041 | PMC:PMC10887634 | DOI:10.3390/curroncol31020047 (Source: Current Oncology)
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: To àn Minh Ngô Ánh Ngọc Lê D ương Phạm Hoàng Đinh Source Type: research

Paclitaxel as HIPEC-Drug after Surgical Cytoreduction for Ovarian Peritoneal Metastases: A Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial (HIPECOVA)
Curr Oncol. 2024 Jan 24;31(2):660-671. doi: 10.3390/curroncol31020048.ABSTRACTMultidisciplinary strategies have transformed the management of advanced ovarian cancer. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of paclitaxel in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) following surgical cytoreduction for ovarian peritoneal metastases in a randomized phase III trial conducted between August 2012 and December 2019. Seventy-six patients were randomized to either the HIPEC or no HIPEC group. Although median values for the primary endpoints (recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS)) revealed superior outcome...
Source: Current Oncology - February 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pedro Villarejo Campos Susana S ánchez García Mariano Amo-Salas Esther Garc ía Santos Carlos L ópez de la Manzanara Ana Alberca David Padilla-Valverde Francisco Javier Redondo Calvo Jes ús Martín Source Type: research