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The Ethyl Acetate Extract of Caulerpa microphysa Promotes Collagen Homeostasis and Inhibits Inflammation in the Skin
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 21;46(3):2701-2712. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030170.ABSTRACTInflammation and collagen-degrading enzymes' overexpression promote collagen decomposition, which affects the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. The polysaccharide and peptide extracts of the green alga Caulerpa microphysa (C. microphysa) have been proven to have anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antioxidant effects in vivo and in vitro. However, the biological properties of the non-water-soluble components of C. microphysa are still unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated the higher effective anti-inflammatory fu...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kuo-Yun Lu Li-Ching Cheng Zheng-Ci Hung Ze-Ying Chen Chuang-Wei Wang Hsin-Han Hou Source Type: research

Unveiling the Molecular Mechanism of Trastuzumab Resistance in SKBR3 and BT474 Cell Lines for HER2 Positive Breast Cancer
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 21;46(3):2713-2740. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030171.ABSTRACTHER2-positive breast cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer among women worldwide. Generally, the molecular characteristics of this breast cancer include activation of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and hormone receptor activation. HER2-positive is associated with a higher death rate, which led to the development of a monoclonal antibody called trastuzumab, specifically targeting HER2. The success rate of HER2-positive breast cancer treatment has been increased; however, drug resistance remains a challenge. Th...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Anna Kokot Sachin Gadakh Indrajit Saha Ewa Gajda Micha ł Łaźniewski Somnath Rakshit Kaustav Sengupta Ayatullah Faruk Mollah Micha ł Denkiewicz Katarzyna G órczak J ürgen Claesen Tomasz Burzykowski Dariusz Plewczynski Source Type: research

The Opposite Functions of CD30 Ligand Isoforms
This study aims to elucidate the properties and signaling functions of the second CD30 ligand isoform. We have found mRNA expression of both isoforms in the PBMCs of all six healthy donors tested. Through methods in cell biology and biochemistry, we were able to discover that the second CD30 ligand isoform has no discernable pro-inflammatory function and, in fact, isoform 2 can restrict the capacity of the canonical isoform to signal through the CD30 receptor by preventing their interaction. This discovery has implications for the future development of therapeutics targeting the CD30/CD30 ligand signaling pair in cancer an...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ignat Printsev Elyas Alalli Janine Bilsborough Source Type: research

Genetic Insights into the Extremely Dwarf Hibiscus syriacus var. micranthus : Complete Chloroplast Genome Analysis and Development of a Novel dCAPS Marker
This study explored the chloroplast (cp) genomes of three Hibiscus syriacus (HS) specimens endemic to Korea possessing unique ornamental and conservation values: the dwarf H. syriacus var. micranthus (HSVM), renowned for its small stature and breeding potential; HS 'Tamra', a cultivar from Korea's southernmost islands, noteworthy for its distinctive beauty; and HS Natural Monument no. 521 (N.M.521), a specimen of significant lifespan and height. Given the scarcity of evolutionary studies on these specimens, we assembled and analyzed their cp genomes. We successfully assembled genomes spanning 160,000 to 160,100 bp and iden...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Soon-Ho Kwon Hae-Yun Kwon Hanna Shin Source Type: research

The Role of Urothelial Cancer-Associated 1 in Gynecological Cancers
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 21;46(3):2772-2797. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030174.ABSTRACTGynecological cancers (GC) represent some of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in women worldwide. Long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory RNAs increasingly being recognized for their role in tumor progression and metastasis in various cancers. Urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1) is a lncRNA, first found deregulated in bladder cancer, and many studies have exposed its oncogenic effects in more tumors since. However, the role of UCA1 in gynecological malignancies is still unclear. This review aims to analyze and define the ...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Eleni Nousiopoulou Kleio Vrettou Christos Damaskos Nikolaos Garmpis Anna Garmpi Panagiotis Tsikouras Nikolaos Nikolettos Konstantinos Nikolettos Iason Psilopatis Source Type: research

The Role of Bioactives in Inflammation
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Feb 29;46(3):1921-1923. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030125.ABSTRACTAs a physiological defense mechanism, inflammation is a complex response to harmful stimuli [...].PMID:38534741 | PMC:PMC10969684 | DOI:10.3390/cimb46030125 (Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology)
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Po-Chih Hsu Guan-Ting Liu Jiunn-Sheng Wu Chan-Yen Kuo Source Type: research

Ultraviolet Radiation Biological and Medical Implications
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Feb 29;46(3):1924-1942. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030126.ABSTRACTUltraviolet (UV) radiation plays a crucial role in the development of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The types of UV radiation are differentiated by wavelength: UVA (315 to 400 nm), UVB (280 to 320 nm), and UVC (100 to 280 nm). UV radiation can cause direct DNA damage in the forms of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PPs). In addition, UV radiation can also cause DNA damage indirectly through photosensitization reactions caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which manifest as 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguani...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tarek Al-Sadek Nabiha Yusuf Source Type: research

Effects of Letrozole Treatment and Vitamin C Supplementation on Morphology, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Programmed Cell Death, and Oxidative Stress in the Small Intestine of Adult Male Rats
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 1;46(3):1943-1954. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030127.ABSTRACTEstrogens are hormones that play an important role in the digestive tract, including in men. Letrozole is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 aromatase, an enzyme converting androgens to estrogens. The use of letrozole may cause oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cells. Factors modulating cellular stress may include vitamin C. The purpose of this study was to examine whether letrozole and/or vitamin C supplementation can affect the morphology of the small intestine, the parameters of endoplasmic reticulum stress, programme...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Anna Pilutin Sylwia Rzeszotek Aleksandra Wilk Klaudia Klimaszewska Julia Łukasiewicz Rufaro Lynnette Mafuta Thanushan Nagendran Rupia Ndambara Barbara Wiszniewska Source Type: research

An Examination of the Effects of Propolis and Quercetin in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
In conclusion, the combined effects of propolis and quercetin in diabetic neuropathy may provide optimal morphological protection with neuroprotective effects by reducing hyperglycemia, and these may represent a key alternative supplement in regenerative medicine.PMID:38534744 | PMC:PMC10969614 | DOI:10.3390/cimb46030128 (Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology)
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sibel T üredi Hakim Çelik Şeyda Nur Dağlı Seyhan Ta şkın U ğur Şeker Mustafa Deniz Source Type: research

Subjective Cognitive Decline and Genetic Propensity for Dementia beyond Apolipoprotein ε 4 : A Systematic Review
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 2;46(3):1975-1986. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030129.ABSTRACTSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been described as a probable early stage of dementia, as it has consistently appeared to precede the onset of objective cognitive impairment. SCD is related to many risk factors, including genetic predisposition for dementia. The Apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 allele, which has been thoroughly studied, seems to explain genetic risk for SCD only partially. Therefore, we aimed to summarize existing data regarding genetic factors related to SCD, beyond APOE ε4, in order to improve our current understanding of...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Stefanos N Sampatakakis Maria Roma Nikolaos Scarmeas Source Type: research

Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Key Player in Brain Aging and Diseases
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 2;46(3):1987-2026. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030130.ABSTRACTMitochondria are thought to have become incorporated within the eukaryotic cell approximately 2 billion years ago and play a role in a variety of cellular processes, such as energy production, calcium buffering and homeostasis, steroid synthesis, cell growth, and apoptosis, as well as inflammation and ROS production. Considering that mitochondria are involved in a multitude of cellular processes, mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play a role within several age-related diseases, including cancers, diabetes (type 2), and neurodegene...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sydney Bartman Giuseppe Coppotelli Jaime M Ross Source Type: research

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Provide Insight into the Glucose-Induced Adipogenesis in Porcine Adipocytes
In this study, we combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses to reveal the underlying regulatory mechanisms of high glucose (HG) on adipogenesis by comparing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) identified in porcine adipocytes. Results showed that HG (20 mmol/L) significantly increased fat accumulation in porcine adipocytes compared to low glucose (LG, 5 mmol/L). A total of 843 DEGs and 365 DAMs were identified. Functional enrichment analyses of DEGs found that multiple pathways were related to adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and immune-inflammatory responses. PPARγ,...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Susu Jiang Guohua Zhang Jian Miao Dianhu Wu Ximei Li Jiawei Li Jianxiong Lu Shuangbao Gun Source Type: research

Use of Collagen in Cosmetic Products
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 4;46(3):2043-2070. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030132.ABSTRACTCollagen (CLG) belongs to the family of fibrillar proteins and is composed of left-handed α polypeptide chains, which, twisting around themselves and their axis, form a right-handed superhelix. In the chemical structure, it contains mainly proline, hydroxyproline, glycine, and hydroxylysine. It occurs naturally in the dermis in the form of fibers that provide the skin with proper density and elasticity. The review aimed to present the types of collagen protein, factors affecting its structure and its unusual role in the functioning of the ...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Barbara Jadach Zofia Mielcarek Tomasz Osma łek Source Type: research

Melanocortin Derivatives Induced Vascularization and Neuroglial Proliferation in the Rat Brain under Conditions of Cerebral Ischemia
In this study the neuroprotective activity of melanocortin-like ACTH(4-7)PGP and ACTH(6-9)PGP peptides was investigated in rat brain at 24 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). The severity of ischemic damage, changes in the proliferative activity of neuroglial cells and vascularization of rat brain tissue were analyzed. The administration of peptides resulted in a significant increase in the volume density of neurons in the perifocal zone of infarction compared to rats subjected to ischemia and receiving saline. Immunohistochemical analysis of the proliferative activity of neuroglia cells using PCNA ...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Vasily V Stavchansky Vadim V Yuzhakov Larisa E Sevan'kaeva Natalia K Fomina Anastasia E Koretskaya Alina E Denisova Ivan V Mozgovoy Leonid V Gubsky Ivan B Filippenkov Nikolay F Myasoedov Svetlana A Limborska Lyudmila V Dergunova Source Type: research

Development of Multiplex Molecular Assays for Simultaneous Detection of Dengue Serotypes and Chikungunya Virus for Arbovirus Surveillance
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 6;46(3):2093-2104. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030134.ABSTRACTThe major arboviruses mainly belong to the Bunyaviridae, Togaviridae, and Flaviviridae families, among which the chikungunya virus and dengue virus have emerged as global public health problems. The main objective of this study was to develop specific, sensitive, and cost-effective molecular multiplex RT-PCR and RT-qPCR assays for the rapid and simultaneous detection of CHIKV and the four serotypes of DENV for arbovirus surveillance. Specific primers for all viruses were designed, and one-step multiplex RT-PCR (mRT-PCR) and RT-qPCR (mRT-qPC...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 27, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Louis Robert W Belem Sylvester Agha Ibemgbo Michel Kir éopori Gomgnimbou Dileep Kumar Verma Antoinette Kabor é Ankit Kumar Ibrahim Sangar é Sujatha Sunil Source Type: research