Lifestyle Interventions for Elevated Blood Pressure in Childhood —Approaches and Outcomes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to provide an overview of existing and emerging lifestyle treatments in the clinical management of primary elevated blood pressure and hypertension in pediatric patients. The authors hope to expand the knowledge base surrounding pediatric hypertension and update clinicians on best practices to improve outcomes.Recent FindingsElevated blood pressure is traditionally addressed with broad lifestyle recommendations such as limiting salt consumption and losing weight. This approach is not well adapted for pediatric patients. Novel and often underutilized approaches to the t...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - October 20, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Use of Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring to Improve Hypertension Equity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo evaluate how self-measured blood pressure (SMBP) monitoring interventions impact hypertension equity.Recent FindingsWhile a growing number of studies have recruited participants from safety-net settings, racial/ethnic minority groups, rural areas, or lower socio-economic backgrounds, few have reported on clinical outcomes with many choosing to evaluate only patient-reported outcomes (e.g., satisfaction, engagement). The studies with clinical outcomes demonstrate that SMBP monitoring (a) can be successfully adopted by historically excluded patient populations and safety-net settings and (b) impro...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - October 20, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Antenatal Programming of Hypertension: Paradigms, Paradoxes, and How We Move Forward
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSynthesize the clinical, epidemiological, and preclinical evidence for antenatal programming of hypertension and critically appraise paradigms and paradoxes to improve translation.Recent FindingsClinical and epidemiological studies persistently demonstrate that antenatal factors contribute to programmed hypertension under the developmental origins of health and disease framework, including lower birth weight, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction. Preclinical mechanisms include preeclampsia, maternal diabetes, maternal undernutrition, and antenatal corticosteroid exposure. However, clinical a...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - October 13, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Immune Cell Activation in Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we focus on immune cell activation in obesity and cardiovascular disease, highlighting specific immune cell microenvironments present in individuals with atherosclerosis, non-ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and infectious diseases.Recent FindingsObesity and cardiovascular disease are intimately linked and often characterized by inflammation and a cluster of metabolic complications. Compelling evidence from single-cell analysis suggests that obese adipose tissue is inflammatory and infiltrated by almost all immune cell populations. How this inflammatory tissue state contributes...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 22, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Strategies to Improve Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations: A Scoping Review of the Literature from 2017 to 2021
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo identify intervention strategies that were effective in promoting medication adherence and HTN control among racial/ethnic minority groups in the US.Recent FindingsTwelve articles were included in this review and 4 categories of intervention strategies were identified as counseling by trained personnel, mHealth tools, mHealth tools in combination with counseling by trained personnel, and quality improvement. The findings show that interventions delivered by trained personnel are effective in lowering BP and improving medication adherence, particularly for those delivered by health educators, CHW...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 22, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Immune Cell Activation in Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we focus on immune cell activation in obesity and cardiovascular disease, highlighting specific immune cell microenvironments present in individuals with atherosclerosis, non-ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and infectious diseases.Recent FindingsObesity and cardiovascular disease are intimately linked and often characterized by inflammation and a cluster of metabolic complications. Compelling evidence from single-cell analysis suggests that obese adipose tissue is inflammatory and infiltrated by almost all immune cell populations. How this inflammatory tissue state contributes...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 22, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Strategies to Improve Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations: A Scoping Review of the Literature from 2017 to 2021
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo identify intervention strategies that were effective in promoting medication adherence and HTN control among racial/ethnic minority groups in the US.Recent FindingsTwelve articles were included in this review and 4 categories of intervention strategies were identified as counseling by trained personnel, mHealth tools, mHealth tools in combination with counseling by trained personnel, and quality improvement. The findings show that interventions delivered by trained personnel are effective in lowering BP and improving medication adherence, particularly for those delivered by health educators, CHW...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 22, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Effects of Hypertension on Alzheimer ’s Disease and Related Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review the pathophysiology of hypertension in Alzheimer ’s disease and related dementias and explore the current landscape of clinical trials involving treatment of hypertension to improve cognition.Recent FindingsHypertension is increasingly recognized as a contributor to cognitive impairment. Clinical trials that explore blood pressure reductions with cognitive outcomes have been promising. Various antihypertensives have been evaluated in clinical trials, with growing interest in those agents that impact the renin –angiotensin–aldosterone system due to its own association with cognitive ...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 20, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Antihypertensives in Children and Adolescents
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review target organ outcomes and current pharmacologic treatment options for children and adolescents with hypertension.Recent FindingsThere is an increased prevalence of pediatric hypertension. Following the 2017 AAP clinical practice guidelines, there is a growing body of literature illustrating the association between pediatric hypertension and end organ damage, though few studies looking at long-term outcomes. There is also new data to support the use of n-of-1 trials to identify the best antihypertensive therapy for an individual.SummaryPediatric hypertension is increasing in prevalence and...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 17, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Integrated Care Model of Adiposity-Related Chronic Diseases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlthough obesity is a disease, most patients with obesity do not undergo effective treatment nor adhere to long-term care. We examine the barriers that patients with obesity confront when searching for effective treatment and propose an integrated care model of adiposity-related chronic diseases in a cardio-renal metabolic unit.Recent FindingsThe current care of obesity is fragmented between primary care providers, medical specialists and metabolic bariatric surgeons with little or no coordination of care between these providers. The current care of obesity heavily focuses on weight loss as the pri...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 9, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
Time-Restricted Eating in Metabolic Syndrome –Focus on Blood Pressure Outcomes
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewTime-restricted eating (TRE) is a promising dietary intervention for weight loss and improvement of cardiometabolic risk factors. We aim to provide a critical review of blood pressure outcomes reported in clinical TRE studies in adults with metabolic syndrome, in the context of the proposed mechanisms that underlie the relationship between timing of eating and blood pressure.Recent FindingsClinical TRE studies report mixed results pertaining to blood pressure outcomes, likely due to significant heterogeneity in study design and TRE protocols. Mechanistically, TRE ’s metabolic benefits have be...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - September 6, 2022 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research
