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Phenols, Parabens, Phthalates and Puberty: a Systematic Review of Synthetic Chemicals Commonly Found in Personal Care Products and Girls ’ Pubertal Development
AbstractPurpose of ReviewExposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals through personal care products (PCPs) is widespread and may disrupt hormone-sensitive endpoints, such as timing of puberty. Given the well-documented (and ongoing) decline in age at menarche in many populations, we conducted a systematic review of the epidemiological literature on exposure to chemicals commonly found in PCPs (including certain phthalates, phenols, and parabens) in relation to girls ’ pubertal development.Recent FindingsThe preponderance of research on this topic has examined phthalate exposures with the strongest evidence indicating that...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - July 22, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Is Greenness Associated with Dementia? A Systematic Review and Dose –Response Meta-analysis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe assessed the relation between environmental greenness and risk of dementia and cognitive impairment, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis up to March 30, 2022, characterizing whenever possible the shape of the association using dose –response meta-analysis.Recent FindingsTwelve studies were included in this review, either using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) or land use/cover (LU/LC) methodology to assess greenness. Comparing the highest versus lowest exposure categories of greenness assessed using the NDVI (6 studies) or LU/LC (6 studies), we found no association with...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - July 20, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

A Review of Studies Using Air Q Software for Prediction of Air Pollution Health Effects in Iran
AbstractPurpose of ReviewExposure to air pollutants may lead to various health effects and is a major public health issue. Concerns about these effects exist in both developed and developing countries. The Air Q software was developed to estimate the health impacts of air pollution based on reported levels of air pollutants in real world studies. In Iran several studies have been conducted to estimate human morbidity and mortality based on this software. We conducted this review to summarize articles which have predicted the effects of air pollution on human health in Iran using Air Q. We conducted a systematic search for ...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - June 21, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Aquaculture Production and Value Chains in the COVID-19 Pandemic
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to summarize the impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on aquaculture input supply, production, distribution, and consumption.Recent FindingsThe COVID-19 pandemic –related lockdowns, social distancing, supply chain disruptions, and transport restrictions affect seafood production, distribution, marketing, and consumption. Recommendations are suggested to overcome these challenges.SummaryThe COVID-19 has led to disruption of aquaculture practices worldwide. The pandemic has adversely affected the aquaculture input supply of fish stocking and feed...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - June 17, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Prenatal Maternal Smoke, DNA Methylation, and Multi-omics of Tissues and Child Health
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMaternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy is of public health concern, and understanding the biological mechanisms can help to promote smoking cessation campaigns. This non-systematic review focuses on the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offspring ’s epigenome, consistent in chemical modifications of the genome that regulate gene expression.Recent FindingsRecent meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies have shown that maternal smoking during pregnancy is consistently associated with offspring ’s DNA methylation changes, both in the placenta and blood. These studies in...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - June 7, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Correction to: Prenatal Diet as a Modifier of Environmental Risk Factors for Autism and Related Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
(Source: Current Environmental Health Reports)
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - June 2, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Epigenetics at the Intersection of COVID-19 Risk and Environmental Chemical Exposures
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSeveral environmental contaminants have been implicated as contributors to COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Immunomodulation and epigenetic regulation have been hypothesized as mediators of this relationship, but the precise underlying molecular mechanisms are not well-characterized. This review examines the evidence for epigenetic modification at the intersection of COVID-19 and environmental chemical exposures.Recent FindingsNumerous environmental contaminants including air pollutants, toxic metal(loid)s, per- and polyfluorinated substances, and endocrine disrupting chemicals are hypothesize...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - June 1, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Racial Disparities in Climate Change-Related Health Effects in the United States
AbstractPurpose of ReviewClimate change is causing warming over most parts of the USA and more extreme weather events. The health impacts of these changes are not experienced equally. We synthesize the recent evidence that climatic changes linked to global warming are having a disparate impact on the health of people of color, including children.Recent FindingsMultiple studies of heat, extreme cold, hurricanes, flooding, and wildfires find evidence that people of color, including Black, Latinx, Native American, Pacific Islander, and Asian communities are at higher risk of climate-related health impacts than Whites, althoug...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - May 28, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Wildfire, Smoke Exposure, Human Health, and Environmental Justice Need to be Integrated into Forest Restoration and Management
This article is the result of a series of transdisciplinary conversations to find common ground and subsequently provide a holistic view of how forest and fire management intersect with human health through the impacts of smoke and articulate the need for an integrated approach to both planning and practice. (Source: Current Environmental Health Reports)
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - May 7, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Parental Occupational Exposure and Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewParental occupational exposures might be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in offspring. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize and synthesize the current literature and to estimate the pooled magnitude of the underlying association(s) between parental occupational exposures and subsequent risk of NDDs.Recent FindingsIn the meta-analysis of 20 included studies, significant associations were found between parental occupational exposure to pesticides or solvents and the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in offspring. Prenatal occupation...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - May 6, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Assessing Exposure to Unconventional Oil and Gas Development: Strengths, Challenges, and Implications for Epidemiologic Research
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEpidemiologic studies have observed elevated health risks in populations living near unconventional oil and gas development (UOGD). In this narrative review, we discuss strengths and limitations of UOG exposure assessment approaches used in or available for epidemiologic studies, emphasizing studies of children ’s health outcomes.Recent FindingsExposure assessment challenges include (1) numerous potential stressors with distinct spatiotemporal patterns, (2) critical exposure windows that cover long periods and occur in the past, and (3) limited existing monitoring data coupled with the resource-i...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - May 6, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

What Is “Socioeconomic Position (SEP),” and How Might It Modify Air Pollution-Health Associations? Cohering Findings, Identifying Challenges, and Disentangling Effects of SEP and Race in US City Settings
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEnvironmental epidemiology has long considered socioeconomic position (SEP) to be an important confounder of pollution effects on health, given that, in the USA, lower-income and minority communities are often disproportionately exposed to pollution. In recent decades, a growing literature has revealed that lower-SEP communities may also be more susceptible to pollution. Given the vast number of material and psychosocial stressors that vary by SEP, however, it is unclear which specific aspects of SEP may underlie this susceptibility. As environmental epidemiology engages more rigorously with issues...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - May 5, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

The Placental Epigenome as a Molecular Link Between Prenatal Exposures and Fetal Health Outcomes Through the DOHaD Hypothesis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis posits that the perinatal environment can impact fetal and later life health. The placenta is uniquely situated to assess prenatal exposures in the context of DOHaD because it is an essential ephemeral fetal organ that manages the transport of oxygen, nutrients, waste, and endocrine signals between the mother and fetus. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent studies that evaluated the DOHaD hypothesis in human placentas using epigenomics, including DNA methylation and transcriptomic studies of mRNA, lncRNA, and microRNAs....
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - April 29, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Role of Climate Change in Changing Hepatic Health Maps
AbstractPurpose of ReviewClimate change (CC) is currently responsible for global weather extremes. These weather extremes could contribute to changes in the pattern of health problems. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of CC on remapping of hepatic diseases and the mechanisms of re-mapping.Recent FindingsCC was found to have a major influence on the distribution and severity of hepatic diseases, such as outbreaks of vector-borne, water or food-borne, parasitic diseases, re-emerging of disappeared diseases, or emerging of new forms of infectious agents. Migration of infected people from endemic areas due to ...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - April 28, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

A Review of the Effectiveness of Current US Policies on Antimicrobial Use in Meat and Poultry Production
AbstractPurposeIndustrial food animal production accounts for most animal-source protein consumed in the USA. These operations rely on an array of external inputs, which can include antimicrobials of medical importance. The use of these drugs in this context has been the subject of public health debate for decades because their widespread use contributes to the selection for and proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria and their genetic determinants. Here, we describe legislative and regulatory efforts, at different levels of governance in the USA, to curtail food animal consumption of medically important antimicrobials.Re...
Source: Current Environmental Health Reports - April 27, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research