Paleocene origin of a streamlined digestive symbiosis in leaf beetles
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 13:S0960-9822(24)00107-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.070. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTiming the acquisition of a beneficial microbe relative to the evolutionary history of its host can shed light on the adaptive impact of a partnership. Here, we investigated the onset and molecular evolution of an obligate symbiosis between Cassidinae leaf beetles and Candidatus Stammera capleta, a γ-proteobacterium. Residing extracellularly within foregut symbiotic organs, Stammera upgrades the digestive physiology of its host by supplementing plant cell wall-degrading enzymes. We observe that Stammera is a shared ...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Marleny Garc ía-Lozano Christine Henzler Miguel Ángel González Porras In ès Pons Aileen Berasategui Christa Lanz Heike Budde Kohei Oguchi Yu Matsuura Yannick Pauchet Shana Goffredi Takema Fukatsu Donald Windsor Hassan Salem Source Type: research
Transcranial magnetic stimulation effects support an oscillatory model of ERP genesis
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 12:S0960-9822(24)00106-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.069. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhether prestimulus oscillatory brain activity contributes to the generation of post-stimulus-evoked neural responses has long been debated, but findings remain inconclusive. We first investigated the hypothesized relationship via EEG recordings during a perceptual task with this correlational evidence causally probed subsequently by means of online rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation. Both approaches revealed a close link between prestimulus individual alpha frequency (IAF) and P1 latency, with faster IAF bei...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Jelena Trajkovic Francesco Di Gregorio Gregor Thut Vincenzo Romei Source Type: research
Dopamine neuron activity encodes the length of upcoming contralateral movement sequences
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 12:S0960-9822(24)00104-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.067. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDopaminergic neurons (DANs) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) have been related to movement speed, and loss of these neurons leads to bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, other aspects of movement vigor are also affected in PD; for example, movement sequences are typically shorter. However, the relationship between the activity of DANs and the length of movement sequences is unknown. We imaged activity of SNc DANs in mice trained in a freely moving operant task, which relies on individual fore...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Marcelo D Mendon ça Joaquim Alves da Silva Ledia F Hernandez Ivan Castela Jos é Obeso Rui M Costa Source Type: research
Developmental remodeling repurposes larval neurons for sexual behaviors in adult Drosophila
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 10:S0960-9822(24)00102-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.065. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost larval neurons in Drosophila are repurposed during metamorphosis for functions in adult life, but their contribution to the neural circuits for sexually dimorphic behaviors is unknown. Here, we identify two interneurons in the nerve cord of adult Drosophila females that control ovipositor extrusion, a courtship rejection behavior performed by mated females. We show that these two neurons are present in the nerve cord of larvae as mature, sexually monomorphic interneurons. During pupal development, they acquire t...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Julia A Diamandi Julia C Duckhorn Kara E Miller Mason Weinstock Sofia Leone Micaela R Murphy Troy R Shirangi Source Type: research
Paleocene origin of a streamlined digestive symbiosis in leaf beetles
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 13:S0960-9822(24)00107-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.070. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTiming the acquisition of a beneficial microbe relative to the evolutionary history of its host can shed light on the adaptive impact of a partnership. Here, we investigated the onset and molecular evolution of an obligate symbiosis between Cassidinae leaf beetles and Candidatus Stammera capleta, a γ-proteobacterium. Residing extracellularly within foregut symbiotic organs, Stammera upgrades the digestive physiology of its host by supplementing plant cell wall-degrading enzymes. We observe that Stammera is a shared ...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Marleny Garc ía-Lozano Christine Henzler Miguel Ángel González Porras In ès Pons Aileen Berasategui Christa Lanz Heike Budde Kohei Oguchi Yu Matsuura Yannick Pauchet Shana Goffredi Takema Fukatsu Donald Windsor Hassan Salem Source Type: research
Transcranial magnetic stimulation effects support an oscillatory model of ERP genesis
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 12:S0960-9822(24)00106-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.069. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhether prestimulus oscillatory brain activity contributes to the generation of post-stimulus-evoked neural responses has long been debated, but findings remain inconclusive. We first investigated the hypothesized relationship via EEG recordings during a perceptual task with this correlational evidence causally probed subsequently by means of online rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation. Both approaches revealed a close link between prestimulus individual alpha frequency (IAF) and P1 latency, with faster IAF bei...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Jelena Trajkovic Francesco Di Gregorio Gregor Thut Vincenzo Romei Source Type: research
Dopamine neuron activity encodes the length of upcoming contralateral movement sequences
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 12:S0960-9822(24)00104-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.067. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDopaminergic neurons (DANs) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) have been related to movement speed, and loss of these neurons leads to bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, other aspects of movement vigor are also affected in PD; for example, movement sequences are typically shorter. However, the relationship between the activity of DANs and the length of movement sequences is unknown. We imaged activity of SNc DANs in mice trained in a freely moving operant task, which relies on individual fore...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Marcelo D Mendon ça Joaquim Alves da Silva Ledia F Hernandez Ivan Castela Jos é Obeso Rui M Costa Source Type: research
Developmental remodeling repurposes larval neurons for sexual behaviors in adult Drosophila
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 10:S0960-9822(24)00102-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.065. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost larval neurons in Drosophila are repurposed during metamorphosis for functions in adult life, but their contribution to the neural circuits for sexually dimorphic behaviors is unknown. Here, we identify two interneurons in the nerve cord of adult Drosophila females that control ovipositor extrusion, a courtship rejection behavior performed by mated females. We show that these two neurons are present in the nerve cord of larvae as mature, sexually monomorphic interneurons. During pupal development, they acquire t...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Julia A Diamandi Julia C Duckhorn Kara E Miller Mason Weinstock Sofia Leone Micaela R Murphy Troy R Shirangi Source Type: research
Paleocene origin of a streamlined digestive symbiosis in leaf beetles
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 13:S0960-9822(24)00107-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.070. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTiming the acquisition of a beneficial microbe relative to the evolutionary history of its host can shed light on the adaptive impact of a partnership. Here, we investigated the onset and molecular evolution of an obligate symbiosis between Cassidinae leaf beetles and Candidatus Stammera capleta, a γ-proteobacterium. Residing extracellularly within foregut symbiotic organs, Stammera upgrades the digestive physiology of its host by supplementing plant cell wall-degrading enzymes. We observe that Stammera is a shared ...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Marleny Garc ía-Lozano Christine Henzler Miguel Ángel González Porras In ès Pons Aileen Berasategui Christa Lanz Heike Budde Kohei Oguchi Yu Matsuura Yannick Pauchet Shana Goffredi Takema Fukatsu Donald Windsor Hassan Salem Source Type: research
Transcranial magnetic stimulation effects support an oscillatory model of ERP genesis
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 12:S0960-9822(24)00106-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.069. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhether prestimulus oscillatory brain activity contributes to the generation of post-stimulus-evoked neural responses has long been debated, but findings remain inconclusive. We first investigated the hypothesized relationship via EEG recordings during a perceptual task with this correlational evidence causally probed subsequently by means of online rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation. Both approaches revealed a close link between prestimulus individual alpha frequency (IAF) and P1 latency, with faster IAF bei...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Jelena Trajkovic Francesco Di Gregorio Gregor Thut Vincenzo Romei Source Type: research
Dopamine neuron activity encodes the length of upcoming contralateral movement sequences
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 12:S0960-9822(24)00104-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.067. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDopaminergic neurons (DANs) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) have been related to movement speed, and loss of these neurons leads to bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, other aspects of movement vigor are also affected in PD; for example, movement sequences are typically shorter. However, the relationship between the activity of DANs and the length of movement sequences is unknown. We imaged activity of SNc DANs in mice trained in a freely moving operant task, which relies on individual fore...
Source: Current Biology - February 20, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Marcelo D Mendon ça Joaquim Alves da Silva Ledia F Hernandez Ivan Castela Jos é Obeso Rui M Costa Source Type: research
Event-specific and persistent representations for contextual states in orbitofrontal neurons
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 7:S0960-9822(24)00097-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.060. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFlexible and context-dependent behaviors require animals, including humans, to identify their current contextual state for proper rules to apply, especially when information that defines these states is partially observable. Depending on behavioral needs, contextual states usually persist for prolonged periods and across other events, including sensory stimuli, actions, and rewards, highlighting prominent challenges of holding a reliable state representation. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is crucial in behaviors requ...
Source: Current Biology - February 17, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Fengjun Ma Lingwei Zhang Jingfeng Zhou Source Type: research
Root microbiota of tea plants regulate nitrogen homeostasis and theanine synthesis to influence tea quality
In this study, we showed that a consortium of microbes isolated from tea roots enhanced ammonia uptake and facilitated the synthesis of theanine, a key determinant of tea taste. Variations were observed in the composition of microbial populations colonizing tea roots and the rhizosphere across different seasons and tea varieties. By comparing the root microorganisms of the high-theanine tea variety Rougui with the low-theanine variety Maoxie, we identified a specific group of microbes that potentially modulate nitrogen metabolism, subsequently influencing the theanine levels in tea. Furthermore, we constructed a synthetic ...
Source: Current Biology - February 17, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Wei Xin Jianming Zhang Yongdong Yu Yunhe Tian Hao Li Xiaolu Chen Wei Li Yanlin Liu Ting Lu Biyun He Yan Xiong Zhenbiao Yang Tongda Xu Wenxin Tang Source Type: research
Mosquitoes escape looming threats by actively flying with the bow wave induced by the attacker
Curr Biol. 2024 Feb 9:S0960-9822(24)00103-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.066. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo detect and escape looming threats, night-flying insects must rely on other senses than vision alone. Nocturnal mosquitoes can evade looming objects in the dark, but how they achieve this is still unknown. Here, we show how night-active female malaria mosquitoes escape from rapidly looming objects that simulate defensive actions of blood-hosts. First, we quantified the escape performance of flying mosquitoes from an event-triggered mechanical swatter, showing that mosquitoes use swatter-induced airflow to increase t...
Source: Current Biology - February 17, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Antoine Cribellier Leonardo Honfi Camilo Pulkit Goyal Florian T Muijres Source Type: research
Environmental drivers and cryptic biodiversity hotspots define endophytes in Earth's largest terrestrial biome
We examined how communities of endophytes are structured across the climate gradient of the boreal biome, focusing on the dominant plant and lichen species occurring across the entire south-to-north span of the boreal zone in eastern North America. Although often invoked for understanding the distribution of biodiversity, neither a latitudinal gradient nor mid-domain effect5,6,7 can explain variation in endophyte diversity at this trans-biome scale. Instead, analyses considering shifts in forest characteristics, Picea biomass and age, and nutrients in host tissues from 46° to 58° N reveal strong and distinctive signature...
Source: Current Biology - February 17, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Jana M U'Ren Shuzo Oita Fran çois Lutzoni Jolanta Miadlikowska Bernard Ball Ignazio Carbone Georgiana May Naupaka B Zimmerman Denis Valle Valerie Trouet A Elizabeth Arnold Source Type: research
