Disparities in the Diagnosis and Management of Anaphylaxis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this review is to characterize health disparities impacting the recognition and treatment of anaphylaxis.Recent FindingsPrevious research has identified major health disparities related to atopic conditions including asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies (FA); however, disparities related to anaphylaxis have yet to be examined in depth.SummaryWe found widespread health disparities in the incidence and severity of anaphylaxis, as well as in the management of allergies (particularly food allergies) that place individuals at risk of anaphylaxis. Sociodemographic factors are associa...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - December 1, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Utilizing Biologics in Drug Desensitization
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this literature review was to review the latest advancements with biologics in rapid drug desensitization. Our methodology was to highlight both desensitization to biologics themselves and the use of biologics in desensitization to both biologic and nonbiologic drugs.Recent FindingsBiologics are a vast category of drugs that include monoclonal antibodies, nanobodies, modern vaccinations, and even hormones. Desensitization to biologics can be safely performed through standardized procedure. Biomarkers are used both in vitro and in vivo to help identify and classify hypersensitivity re...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 29, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Management of Anaphylaxis During Peanut Oral Immunotherapy
AbstractBackgroundPeanut oral immunotherapy (POIT) has emerged as an active management option for peanut allergy, with an FDA-approved product now available for therapy. Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, can occur during therapy and their management is key in optimizing this treatment and patient outcomes.Purpose of ReviewIn this manuscript, we will review the rates of allergic reactions and anaphylaxis in seminal peanut oral immunotherapy research studies. We will examine factors that can alter the risk of anaphylaxis and describe various strategies, including adjunct therapies, that have the potential to mitigat...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 29, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Utilizing Biologics in Drug Desensitization
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this literature review was to review the latest advancements with biologics in rapid drug desensitization. Our methodology was to highlight both desensitization to biologics themselves and the use of biologics in desensitization to both biologic and nonbiologic drugs.Recent FindingsBiologics are a vast category of drugs that include monoclonal antibodies, nanobodies, modern vaccinations, and even hormones. Desensitization to biologics can be safely performed through standardized procedure. Biomarkers are used both in vitro and in vivo to help identify and classify hypersensitivity re...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 29, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Management of Anaphylaxis During Peanut Oral Immunotherapy
AbstractBackgroundPeanut oral immunotherapy (POIT) has emerged as an active management option for peanut allergy, with an FDA-approved product now available for therapy. Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, can occur during therapy and their management is key in optimizing this treatment and patient outcomes.Purpose of ReviewIn this manuscript, we will review the rates of allergic reactions and anaphylaxis in seminal peanut oral immunotherapy research studies. We will examine factors that can alter the risk of anaphylaxis and describe various strategies, including adjunct therapies, that have the potential to mitigat...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 29, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Immune Metabolism in TH2 Responses: New Opportunities to Improve Allergy Treatment — Disease-Specific Findings (Part 1)
Abstract Purpose of ReviewRecent high-level publications have shown an intricate connection between immune effector function and the metabolic state of the respective cells. In the last years, studies have begun analyzing the metabolic changes associated with allergies. As the first part of a two-article series, this review will briefly summarize the basics of immune metabolism and then focus on the recently published studies on metabolic changes observed in allergic patients.Recent FindingsIn the last 3  years, immune-metabolic research in allergology had a clear focus on asthma with some studies also reporting findin...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 28, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Urinary Leukotriene E4 as a Biomarker in NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (N-ERD): a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewNon-steroidal exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) currently requires aspirin challenge testing for diagnosis. Urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) has been extensively investigated as potential biomarker in N-ERD. We aimed to assess the usefulness of uLTE4 as a biomarker in the diagnosis of N-ERD.Recent FindingsN-ERD, formerly known as aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA), is characterised by increased leukotriene production. uLTE4 indicates cysteinyl leukotriene production, and a potential biomarker in N-ERD. Although several studies and have examined the relationship between uLTE4 and N-ERD, the usefuln...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 14, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

A Clinician ’s Guide to Occupational Exposures in the Military
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAdverse occupational and environmental exposures are common causes of respiratory disease and health consequences requiring medical care. Understanding how these various exposures affect patients and how to elicit an adequate history is critical for any clinician. Military personnel are often overlooked when discussing groups at risk for environmental exposure-associated airway disease. There are close to 20 million active duty and veterans in the USA, and nearly all clinicians will at some point care for a patient that has served in the military.Recent FindingsExposures related to military work in...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 12, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Biologics and Small Molecule Inhibitors: an Update in Therapies for Allergic and Immunologic Skin Diseases
This article evaluates recent literature on biologics and small molecule inhibitors for AD and psoriasis. (Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports)
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Narrative Review of the Role of Patient-Reported Outcomes and Inhaler Handling Errors in the Control of Asthma and COPD
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAsthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic respiratory diseases that remain uncontrolled in many patients, despite the wide range of therapeutic options available. This review analyzes the available clinical evidence on 3 budesonide/formoterol DPI devices, Spiromax®, Turbuhaler®, and Easyhaler®, in terms of patient-reported outcomes (PROs), inhaler errors, and asthma and COPD control.Recent FindingsThe effectiveness of dry powder inhalers (DPI) depends largely on the device and the patient ’s inhaler technique. Equally important are the patient’s perception of the in...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - November 1, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research