Is Icatibant Safe for the Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema During Pregnancy?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHereditary angioedema (HAE) is a disorder affecting bradykinin regulation presenting as recurrent cutaneous or mucosal swelling. Treatment options include plasma-derived or human-recombinant C1-inhibitor, icatibant, or ecallantide. Due to the lack of knowledge and experience on the topic, the treatment of choice in pregnancy is plasma-derived C1-inhibitor, and reporting any new experience is recommended. This review presents current guidelines for HAE treatment with a focus on pregnancy and reviews all experience with icatibant use during pregnancy.Recent FindingsOur experience of treating a pregna...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - August 31, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Expert Opinion on Practice Patterns in Mild Asthma After the GINA 2019 Updates: A Major Shift in Treatment Paradigms from a Long-Standing SABA-Only Approach to a Risk Reduction –Based Strategy with the Use of Symptom-Driven (As-Needed) Low-Dose ICS/LABA
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis expert opinion, prepared by a panel of chest disease specialists, aims to review the current knowledge on practice patterns in real-life management of mild asthma and to address the relevant updates in asthma treatment by The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) to guide clinicians for the best clinical practice in applying these new treatment paradigms.Recent FindingsOn the basis of the emerging body of evidence suggesting the non-safety of short-acting β2-agonists (SABA)-only therapy and comparable efficacy of the as-needed inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)-formoterol combinations with maintenan...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - June 11, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Alpha-1 Asthma Overlap Syndrome: a Clinical Overview
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is one of the most common genetic diseases that is associated with severe complications and yet remains underdiagnosed. The pulmonary symptoms of both AATD and asthma include cough, excessive sputum production, dyspnea, and wheezing. These symptoms overlap significantly leading to difficulty distinguishing between these two conditions and suspicion that there may be an overlap syndrome. We aim to discuss the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of both alpha-1 antitrypsin and asthma and how they may overlap.Recent FindingsRecent literature su...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - May 20, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Update on Food Protein –Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES)
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFood protein –induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy characterized by delayed, and potentially severe, gastrointestinal symptoms. Since the advent of a specific diagnostic code and establishment of diagnostic guidelines, our understanding of this condition has grown.Recent FindingsFPIES affects patients from early infancy into adulthood. Any food can be a trigger, and common culprit foods vary geographically and by age. An understanding of the complex underlying immune mechanisms remains elusive, although studies show pan-leukocyte activation, cytokine release, ...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - May 6, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Allergen Immunotherapy in Young Children
This article reviews the present knowledge and relevant updates on AIT in children.Recent FindingsAlthough there is no definite lower age limit for starting AIT, clear indications for AIT are established and each case should be considered individually by weighing risks and benefits. Documented short- and long-term benefits of AIT in children with allergic disease include significant improvement of symptoms and quality of life, and decreased use of medications as well as preventing the development of new allergen sensitizations and the progression of allergic rhinitis to asthma.SummaryThis review provides a comprehensive ov...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - April 25, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Real-World LEAP Implementation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn 2015, findings from the Learning Early About Peanut allergy (LEAP) trial provided the first convincing evidence that peanut allergy may be preventable through early peanut introduction into the infant diet. Here we discuss implementation of the LEAP study findings around the world and emerging evidence of the impacts on infant feeding and food allergy.Recent FindingsThe LEAP findings led to rapid changes in allergy prevention guidelines internationally to recommend early peanut introduction. There is now emerging evidence that this has been followed by a substantial increase in early peanut intr...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - April 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Emerging Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Immune-Mediated Asthma Pathogenesis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIncreases in ambient levels of air pollutants have been linked to lung inflammation and remodeling, processes that lead to the development and exacerbation of allergic asthma. Conventional research has focused on the role of CD4+ T helper 2 (TH2) cells in the pathogenesis of air pollution-induced asthma. However, much work in the past decade has uncovered an array of air pollution-induced non-TH2 immune mechanisms that contribute to allergic airway inflammation and disease.Recent FindingsIn this article, we review current research demonstrating the connection between common air pollutants and their...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - April 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Real-World LEAP Implementation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn 2015, findings from the Learning Early About Peanut allergy (LEAP) trial provided the first convincing evidence that peanut allergy may be preventable through early peanut introduction into the infant diet. Here we discuss implementation of the LEAP study findings around the world and emerging evidence of the impacts on infant feeding and food allergy.Recent FindingsThe LEAP findings led to rapid changes in allergy prevention guidelines internationally to recommend early peanut introduction. There is now emerging evidence that this has been followed by a substantial increase in early peanut intr...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - April 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Emerging Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Immune-Mediated Asthma Pathogenesis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIncreases in ambient levels of air pollutants have been linked to lung inflammation and remodeling, processes that lead to the development and exacerbation of allergic asthma. Conventional research has focused on the role of CD4+ T helper 2 (TH2) cells in the pathogenesis of air pollution-induced asthma. However, much work in the past decade has uncovered an array of air pollution-induced non-TH2 immune mechanisms that contribute to allergic airway inflammation and disease.Recent FindingsIn this article, we review current research demonstrating the connection between common air pollutants and their...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - April 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Aeroallergens in Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Urticaria
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhile aeroallergens are a well-established trigger of asthma and allergic rhinitis, their role in allergic skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and chronic urticaria remains controversial. This paper reviews the pathophysiology and clinical evidence for aeroallergens in these allergic skin diseases and summarizes current strategies for evaluation and management.Recent FindingsCurrent evidence implicates aeroallergens as triggers of cutaneous reactions in atopic dermatitis. Direct skin contact is the likely route of trigger. Aeroallergens may also trigger chronic urticaria, though mechanistic s...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - April 1, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
