The History of Neurocritical Care as a Subspecialty
The role of the neurointensivist as a subspecialist has been cemented in modern medicine globally. It was forged through the collaboration of neurologists, neurosurgeons, internists, anesthesiologists, general surgeons, emergency medicine physicians, and pediatricians. As with all critical care areas, it requires a multiprofessional environment. Neurocritical care harnesses knowledge, technology, resources, and research opportunities to embrace a multisystem approach to care for the neurologically critically ill. Although recently formally recognized, its crucial role to serve patients with acute, life-threatening neurolog...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 28, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Kristi Tempro, Cherylee W.J. Chang Source Type: research

Telemedicine to Expand Access to Critical Care Around the World
This multiauthored communication gives a state-of-the-art global perspective on the increasing adoption of tele-critical care. Exponentially increasing sophistication in the deployment of Computers, Information, and Communication Technology has ensured extending the reach of limited intensivists virtually and reaching the unreached. Natural disasters, COVID-19 pandemic, and wars have made tele-intensive care a reality. Concerns and regulatory issues are being sorted out, cross-border cost-effective tele-critical care is steadily increasing Components to set up a tele-intensive care unit, and overcoming barriers is discusse...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Krishnan Ganapathy, Sai Praveen Haranath, Amado Alejandro Baez, Benjamin K. Scott Source Type: research

Essential Emergency and Critical Care
We describe its relation to other specialties and care and opportunities for implementation. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Dabota Yvonne Buowari, Christian Owoo, Lalit Gupta, Carl Otto Schell, Tim Baker, The EECC Network Group Source Type: research

The State of Global Trauma and Acute Care Surgery/Surgical Critical Care
Trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with a significant burden attributable to the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where more than 90% of injury-related deaths occur. Road injuries contribute largely to the economic burden from trauma and are prevalent among adolescents and young adults. Trauma systems vary widely across the world in their capacity of providing basic and critical care to injured patients, with delays in treatment being present at multiple levels at LMICs. Strengthening existing systems by providing cost-effective and efficient solutions can help mitigate the injury burde...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Kapil Dev Soni, Varun Bansal, Harshit Arora, Sukriti Verma, Martin Gerdin W ärnberg, Nobhojit Roy Source Type: research

Facility-Oriented Simulation-Based Emergency Care Training in Kenya
We describe the development and implementation of the emergency care course in Kenya and the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, challenges, and recommendations for locally developed facility-oriented simulation-based emergency care training. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Nelson Nyamu, Janet Sugut, Trufosa Mochache, Pauline Kimeu, Grace Mukundi, David Ngugi, Sally Njonjo, Adan Mustafa, Paul Mbuvi, Emily Nyagaki, Gatebe Kironji, Grace Wanjiku, Benjamin Wachira Source Type: research

Bleeding, Hemorrhagic Shock, and the Global Blood Supply
This article discusses the presentation and management of these causes across the world and provides a brief overview of the current challenges in maintaining a global blood supply. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Isabella Faria, Neil Thivalapill, Jennifer Makin, Juan Carlos Puyana, Nakul Raykar Source Type: research

Current State of Critical Care Nursing Worldwide
This review provides insights on the current state of roles and responsibilities, on-the-job training, barriers, and facilitators of critical care nursing (CCN) practice. Some of the established roles and training of CCN were providing care for acutely ill patients, delivering expert and specialist care, working as a part of a multidisciplinary team, monitoring, and initiating timely treatment, and providing psychosocial support and advanced system treatment, especially in high-income countries. In low-resource settings, critical care nurses work as health care assistants, technical or ancillary staff, and clinical educato...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Eunice Ndirangu-Mugo, Lia M. Barros, Benard D. Mutwiri, Constance S. Shumba, Beth Waweru, Wangari Waweru Siika Source Type: research

Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Training for Non-cardiologists
Poor outcomes among the critically ill in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been attributed in part to the challenge of diagnostic delays caused by lack of skilled personnel. Focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) by non-cardiologists may mitigate the shortage of echocardiography experts to perform emergency echocardiography at the point of care in these settings. It is however crucial that FoCUS training for non-cardiologists in LMICs be based on robust evidence to support training delivery if diagnostic accuracy is to be assured. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Wangari Waweru-Siika, Annette Pl üddemann, Carl Heneghan Source Type: research

The Next Frontier in Neurocritical Care in Resource-Constrained Settings
Neurocritical care (NCC) is an emerging field within critical care medicine, reflecting the widespread prevalence of neurologic injury in critically ill patients. Morbidity and mortality from neurocritical illness (NCI) have been reduced substantially in resource-rich settings (RRS), owing to the development of advanced technologies, neuro-specific units, and subspecialized medical training. Despite shouldering much of the burden of NCI worldwide, resource-limited settings (RLS) face immense hurdles when implementing guidelines generated in RRS. This review summarizes the current epidemiology, management, and outcomes of t...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Madiha Raees, Beverly Cheserem, Benjamin Mutiso, Tsegazeab Laeke, Brian Jason Brotherton Source Type: research

Factors to be Considered in Advancing Pediatric Critical Care Across the World
This article reviews the many factors that have to be taken into account as we consider the advancement of pediatric critical care (PCC) in multiple settings across the world. The extent of PCC and the range of patients who are cared for in this environment are considered. Along with a review of the ongoing treatment and technology advances in the PCC setting, the structures and systems required to support these services are also considered. Finally the question of how PCC can be made sustainable in a volatile world with the impacts of global crises such as climate change is addressed. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Andrew C. Argent, Suchitra Ranjit, Mark J. Peters, Amelie von Saint Andre-von Arnim, Md Jobayer Chisti, Roberto Jabornisky, Ndidiamaka L. Musa, Niranjan Kissoon Source Type: research

Building Critical Care Capacity in a Low-Income Country
Critical illness is common throughout the world and is associated with high costs of care and resource intensity. The Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created a sudden surge of critically ill patients, which in turn led to devastating effects on health care systems worldwide and more so in Africa. This narrative report describes how an attempt was made at bridging the existing gaps in quality of care for critically ill patients at national and regional levels for COVID and the postpandemic era in a low income country. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Arthur Kwizera, Cornelius Sendagire, Yewande Kamuntu, Meddy Rutayisire, Jane Nakibuuka, Patience A. Muwanguzi, Anne Alenyo-Ngabirano, Henry Kyobe-Bosa, Charles Olaro Source Type: research

Global Health and Critical Care Medicine
CRITICAL CARE CLINICS (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Kristina E. Rudd, Wangari Waweru-Siika Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Contributors
GREGORY S. MARTIN, MD, MSC (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Contents
Kristina E. Rudd and Wangari Waweru-Siika (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - September 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research