Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - April 1, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Contributors
GREGORY S. MARTIN, MD, MSC (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - April 1, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Contents
Brett J. Bordini and Robert M. Kliegman (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - April 1, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Covid-19 (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - April 1, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Role of Acute Thrombosis in Coronavirus Disease 2019
Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are prone to venous, cerebrovascular, and coronary thrombi, particularly those with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pathogenesis is multifactorial and likely involves proinflammatory cascades, development of coagulopathy, and neutrophil extracellular traps, although further investigations are needed. Elevated levels of D-dimers are common in patients with COVID-19 and cannot be used in isolation to predict venous thromboembolism in people with SARS-CoV-2. If given early in hospital admission, therapeutic-dose heparin improves clinica...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - March 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Derek V. Gibbs, Satya S. Shreenivas, Kristin M. Hudock Source Type: research

Role of Acute Thrombosis in COVID-19
Patients with SARS-CoV-2 are prone to venous, cerebrovascular and coronary thrombi, particularly those with severe COVID-19. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and likely involves proinflammatory cascades, development of coagulopathy and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), although further investigations are needed. Elevated D-dimers are common in patients with COVID-19 and cannot be used in isolation to predict VTE in people with SARS-CoV-2. If given early in hospital admission, therapeutic dose heparin improves clinical outcomes in patients with moderate COVID-19. To date, anti-thrombotics have not improved outcomes i...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - March 24, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Derek V. Gibbs, Satya S. Shreenivas, Kristin M. Hudock Source Type: research

Acute Neurologic Complications of COVID-19 and Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19
Neurologic complications can be seen in mild to severe COVID-19 with a higher risk in patients with severe COVID-19. These can occur as a direct consequence of viral infection or consequences of treatments. The spectrum ranges from non-life-threatening, like headache, fatigue, malaise, anosmia, dysgeusia, to life-threatening complications, like stroke, encephalitis, coma, Guillain-Barre syndrome. A high index of suspicion can aid in early recognition and treatment. Outcomes depend on severity of underlying COVID-19, patient age, comorbidities, and severity of the complication. Postacute sequelae of COVID-19 range from fati...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - March 22, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Neha S. Dangayach, Virginia Newcombe, Romain Sonnenville Source Type: research

TAcute Neurological complications of COVID19 and Post-Acute Sequalae of COVID19 (PASC)
(Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - March 22, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Neha S. Dangayach, Virginia Newcombe, Romain Sonnenville Source Type: research

Critical Care Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: Building on the Past to Bridge to the Future
At the end of 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic led to more than 286 million cases and over 5.4 million deaths worldwide. COVID-19 is now the deadliest pandemic in the history of the United States. As we reflect on the last 2 years, it is also clear that the pandemic was a pivotal moment for critical care medicine. Never before have the availability and delivery of intensive care medicine been so crucial in a health care crisis. Common critical care issues like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ventilators, proning, dialysis, sepsis, and respiratory failure were commonly discussed in the press and social media. (Source...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - March 20, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Michelle Ng Gong, Gregory S. Martin Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Preface: Critical Care Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: Building on the Past to Bridge to the Future
(Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - March 20, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Michelle Ng Gong, Gregory S. Martin Source Type: research

COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous syndrome arising from multiple causes with a range of clinical severity. In recent years, the potential for prognostic and predictive enrichment of clinical trials has been increased with identification of more biologically homogeneous subgroups or phenotypes within ARDS. COVID-19 ARDS also exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity despite a single causative agent. In this review the authors summarize the existing literature on COVID-19 ARDS phenotypes, including physiologic, clinical, and biological subgroups as well as the implications for improving both pro...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - February 27, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Susannah Empson, Angela J. Rogers, Jennifer G. Wilson Source Type: research

COVID-19 ARDS: One Pathogen, Multiple Phenotypes
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous syndrome arising from multiple etiologies with a range of clinical severity. In recent years, the potential for prognostic and predictive enrichment of clinical trials has been increased with identification of more biologically homogeneous subgroups or phenotypes within ARDS. COVID-19 ARDS also exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity despite a single causative agent. In this review we summarize the existing literature on COVID-19 ARDS phenotypes, including physiologic, clinical, and biologic subgroups as well as the implications for improving both prognostic...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - February 27, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Susannah Empson, Angela J. Rogers, Jennifer G. Wilson Source Type: research

Review of Anti-inflammatory and Antiviral Therapeutics for Hospitalized Patients Infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection leads to dysregulation of immune pathways. Therapies focusing on suppressing cytokine activity have some success. Current evidence supports the use of dexamethasone in hospitalized patients requiring oxygen to decrease mortality. Interleukin-6 inhibitors, like tocilizumab and sarilumab, are also beneficial in hypoxemic patients, if used early. Janus kinase inhibition in combination with glucocorticoids is emerging as a potential therapeutic option for patients with moderate to severe symptoms. Data on the role of anakinra, hyperimmune immunoglobulin/convalescent pla...
Source: Critical Care Clinics - February 13, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Jen-Ting Chen, Marlies Ostermann Source Type: research

Review of Anti-inflammatory and Anti-viral therapeutics for hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to dysregulation of immune pathways. Therapies focusing on suppressing cytokine activity have some success. Current evidence supports the use of dexamethasone in hospitalized patients requiring oxygen to decrease mortality. IL-6 inhibitors like tocilizumab and sarilumab are also beneficial in hypoxemic patients, if used early. JAK inhibition in combination with glucocorticoids is emerging as a potential therapeutic option for patients with moderate to severe symptoms. Data on the role of anakinra, hyperimmune immunoglobulin/convalescent plasma, or plasma purification is limited. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - February 13, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Jen-Ting Chen, Marlies Ostermann Source Type: research

Critical Care Response During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Hospitals and healthcare systems with active CCOs that unified ICU units prior to the onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic were better positioned to adapt to the demands of the pandemic, due to their established standardization of care and integration of critical care within the larger structure of the hospital or healthcare system. CCOs should continue to make changes, based on the real-experience of COVID-19, that would lead to improved care during the ongoing pandemic, and beyond. (Source: Critical Care Clinics)
Source: Critical Care Clinics - January 10, 2022 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Samuel Rednor, Lewis A. Eisen, J. Perren Cobb, Laura Evans, Craig M. Coopersmith Source Type: research