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Dramatic genome-wide reprogramming of mRNA in hypometabolic muscle
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Feb 13;272:110952. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110952. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn response to seasonal droughts, the green striped burrowing frog Cyclorana alboguttata enters a reversible hypometabolic state called aestivation where heart rate and oxygen consumption can be reduced despite warm (>25C°) ambient temperatures. With a view to understanding molecular mechanisms we profiled aestivating versus control gastrocnemius muscle using mRNA sequencing. This indicated an extensive metabolic reprogramming, with nearly a quarter of the entire transcriptome (3996 of 16,960 ...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - February 14, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nicholas J Hudson Rebecca L Cramp Craig E Franklin Source Type: research

Functional convergence in gastric lysozymes of foregut-fermenting rodents, ruminants, and primates is not attributed to convergent molecular evolution
This study emphasizes that phenotypic convergence need not be the result of convergent genetic modifications, and we encourage further exploration into the mechanisms regulating convergence across biological scales.PMID:38341948 | DOI:10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110949 (Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology.)
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - February 11, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nick Barts Roshni H Bhatt Chelsea Toner Wynn K Meyer Jacob D Durrant Kevin D Kohl Source Type: research

Black soldier fly larvae meal as a potential modulator of immune, inflammatory, and antioxidant status in gilthead seabream juveniles
In conclusion, up to 45% dietary inclusion of HM showed no adverse effects, improving liver antioxidant status, reducing intestinal oxidative stress, and regulating inflammatory gene expression.PMID:38340781 | DOI:10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110951 (Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology.)
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - February 10, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sara Moutinho Aires Oliva-Teles Filipa Fontinha Nicole Martins Óscar Monroig Helena Peres Source Type: research

Identification of mapk genes, and their expression profiles in response to low salinity stress, in cobia (Rachycentron canadum)
The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the mapk family genes in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and examine their expression profiles under different low salinity stress regimes (acute: from 30‰ to 10‰ in 1 h, sub-chronic: from 30‰ to 10‰ over 4 d). A total of 12 cobia mapk genes (Rcmapks) were identified and cloned, including six erk subfamily genes (Rcmapk1/3/4/6/7/15), three jnk subfamily genes (Rcmapk8/9/10) and three p38 mapk subfamily genes (Rcmapk 11/13/14). Domain analysis indicated that the RcMAPKs possessed the typical domains including S_TKc and PKc_like domain. Phylogenetic analysis r...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - February 2, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yunsheng Yang Qian Ma Shulei Jin Baosong Huang Zhongliang Wang Gang Chen Source Type: research

Alternative splicing patterns of hnrnp genes in gill tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during salinity changes
In this study, we conducted AS analysis using RNA-seq datasets to explore splicing patterns in the gill tissues of rainbow trout exposed to altered salinity environments, ranging from 0 ‰ (T0) to 30 ‰ (T30). The results revealed 1441, 351, 483, 1051 and 1049 differentially alternatively spliced (DAS) events in 5 pairwise comparisons, including T6 vs. T0, T12 vs. T0, T18 vs. T0, T24 vs. T0, and T30 vs. T0, respectively. These DAS events were derived from 1290, 328, 444, 963 and 948 genes. Enrichment analysis indicated that these DAS genes were related to RNA splicing and processing. Among these, 14 DAS genes were identi...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - January 28, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dazhi Liu Han Yu Na Xue Hancheng Bao Qinfeng Gao Yuan Tian Source Type: research

Molecular mechanism of the NOS/NOX regulation of antibacterial activity in Eriocheir sinensis
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Jan 24;271:110945. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110945. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo elucidate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which produces the free radical nitric oxide (NO), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), which produces the superoxide anion (O2-), in the innate immunity of Eriocheir sinensis, the full lengths of the NOS and NOX genes were cloned via rapid amplification of the cDNA ends and then expressed in the prokaryotic form to obtain the recombinant proteins, NOS-HIS and NOX-HIS. Through bacterial binding and stimulation experime...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - January 26, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Linjie Li Xiaoyong Li Liugen Zeng Ziyu Wang Nan Deng Peiying Huang Jiahao Hou Shaoqin Jian Daxian Zhao Source Type: research

Mitochondrial techniques for physiologists
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Jan 24;271:110947. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110947. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMitochondria serve several important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, apoptotic signalling, and regulation of both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium. Therefore, mitochondrial studies may reveal insights into metabolism at higher levels of physiological organization. The apparent complexity of mitochondrial function may be daunting to researchers new to mitochondrial physiology. This review is aimed, therefore, at such researchers ...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - January 26, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Soren Z Coulson Brynne M Duffy James F Staples Source Type: research

Wing expansion functional analysis of ion transport peptide gene in Sogatella furcifera (Horv áth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Jan 22;271:110946. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110946. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIon transport peptide (ITP), a superfamily of arthropod neuropeptides, serves a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes such as diuresis, ecdysis behavior, and wing expansion. However, the molecular characteristics, expression profile, and role of ITP in Sogatella furcifera are poorly understood. To elucidate the characteristics and biological function of ITP in S. furcifera, we employed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RNA interference (RNAi) methods...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - January 24, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gui-Yun Long Xi-Bin Yang Zhao Wang Qing-Hui Zeng Hong Yang Dao-Chao Jin Source Type: research

Dietary inclusion of Withania somnifera and Asparagus racemosus induces growth, activities of digestive enzymes, and transcriptional modulation of MyoD, MyoG, Myf5, and MRF4 genes in fish, Channa punctatus
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Jan 17;271:110944. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110944. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe present study explores growth potential of two medicinal herbs, Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha or 'A') and Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari or 'S') after their dietary inclusion in fish, Channa punctatus (13.5 ± 2 g; 11.5 ± 1 cm). Three hundred well-acclimatized fish were distributed into 10 groups- C (Control), S1 (1% S), S2 (2% S), S3 (3% S), A1 (1% A), A2 (2% A), A3 (3% A), AS1 (1% A and S), AS2 (2% A and S), and AS3 (3% A and S), each having 10 specimens. Fish were fed with these diets fo...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - January 18, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sunil P Trivedi Shikha Dwivedi Abha Trivedi Adeel Ahmad Khan Shefalee Singh Kamlesh K Yadav Vivek Kumar Shraddha Dwivedi Vidyanand Tiwari Yashika Awasthi Source Type: research

Increased seawater temperature triggers thermal, oxidative and metabolic response of Ostrea edulis, leading to anaerobiosis
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Jan 13;271:110943. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110943. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBivalves are among the marine organisms most influenced by climate change. Despite the flat oyster's Ostrea edulis high economic value, its culture is developed on a very small scale, since this species possesses a strong susceptibility to abiotic stressors. Due to climate change, temperature is one of the most critical environmental parameters for the welfare of the Mediterranean basin's marine inhabitants. The present study's purpose was to investigate the physiological performance of the Medite...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - January 15, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ioannis Georgoulis Dimitrios K Papadopoulos Athanasios Lattos Basile Michaelidis Konstantinos Feidantsis Ioannis A Giantsis Source Type: research

Evaluation of the osmoregulatory capacity and three stress biomarkers in white shrimp Penaeus vannamei exposed to different temperature and salinity conditions: Na < sup > + < /sup > /K < sup > + < /sup > ATPase, Heat Shock Proteins (HSP), and Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormones (CHHs)
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Jan 13;271:110942. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110942. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSalinity and temperature influence growth, survival, and reproduction of crustacean species such as Penaeus vannamei where Na +/K+-ATPase plays a key role in maintaining osmotic homeostasis in different salinity conditions. This ability is suggested to be mediated by other proteins including neuropeptides such as the crustacean hyperglycemic hormones (CHHs), and heat shock proteins (HSPs). The mRNA expression of Na+/K+-ATPase, HSP60, HSP70, CHH-A, and CHH-B1, was analyzed by qPCR in shrimp acclima...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - January 15, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ivone Giffard-Mena Elizabeth Ponce-Rivas H éctor M Sigala-Andrade Carla Uranga-Sol ís Ana Denisse Re Fernando D íaz Laura Camacho-Jim énez Source Type: research