Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - August 2, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
Contributors
LUCKY JAIN, MD, MBA (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - August 2, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
Contents
Lucky Jain (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - August 2, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
Forthcoming Issues
Neonatal Transfusion Medicine (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - August 2, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research
Special Populations —Surgical Infants
Congenital gastrointestinal disorders and other surgical diagnoses share many common problems: increased nutritional requirements to prevent catabolism, enhance wound healing, and provide optimal growth; impaired motility and altered intestinal flora leading to feeding intolerance requiring long-term parenteral nutrition; gastroesophageal reflux and poor feeding mechanics requiring tube feedings and support; growth failure; poor barrier function and risk of infection; and other long-term sequelae. Consequently, the surgical “at-risk” infant requires specialized nutritional support to meet their increased requirements t...
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - June 23, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Stefanie Riddle, Heidi Karpen Source Type: research
Red Blood Cell Transfusion, Anemia, Feeding, and the Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Severe anemia and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion are associated with gut inflammation and injury in preclinical models and observational studies. However, there is uncertainty about the causal role of these factors in the pathogenesis of NEC. Observational studies have shown that withholding feeding during RBC transfusion may reduce the risk of NEC, although confirmatory data from randomized trials are lacking. In this review, we summarize data on feeding during RBC transfusion and its role in NEC and highlight ongoing rando...
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - June 20, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Anand Salem, Ravi M. Patel Source Type: research
Using Evidence to Address Differences in Opinions and Practice in Neonatal Nutrition
The field of Neonatology continues to change over time, as there are advances in maternal care and technology used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with infants of younger gestational age surviving. When the first NICUs were established, there were limited options in how to provide nutrition to these infants. There was not parenteral nutrition, which is a vital component of care today when infants are unable to tolerate enteral nutrition. Mothers were encouraged to provide breast milk in the past, but there were not high-functioning human milk pumps available until more recently. (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - June 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Brenda B. Poindexter, Amy B. Hair Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Nutrition for Infants with Congenital Heart Disease
Perioperative malnutrition in infants with congenital heart disease can lead to significant postnatal growth failure and poor short- and long-term outcomes. A standardized approach to nutrition is needed for the neonatal congenital heart disease population, taking into consideration the type of cardiac lesion, the preoperative and postoperative period, and prematurity. Early enteral feeding is beneficial and should be paired with parenteral nutrition to meet the fluid and nutrient needs of the infant. (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - June 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Jasmeet Kataria-Hale, Laura Gollins, Krista Bonagurio, Cynthia Blanco, Amy Hair Source Type: research
Neonatal Nutrition: Evidence-based Recommendations for Common Conundrums
The field of Neonatology continues to change over time, as there are advances in maternal care and technology used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with infants of younger gestational age surviving. When the first NICUs were established, there were limited options in how to provide nutrition to these infants. There was not parenteral nutrition, which is a vital component of care today when infants are unable to tolerate enteral nutrition. Mothers were encouraged to provide breast milk in the past, but there were not high-functioning human milk pumps available until more recently. (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - June 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Amy B. Hair, Brenda Poindexter Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Feeding a Newborn Shouldn ’t be That Complicated
Years ago, when we were expecting our first child, my wife and I asked my mom for advice about feeding issues and how she had managed to raise four children with relative ease. “What advice?” “You were exclusively breast-fed until you were one. You turned out okay, didn’t you?” To this day, I have never forgotten that conversation. “And don’t forget the importance of mom’s diet. What she eats during pregnancy and nursing has long-lasting impact on the baby! ” (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - June 15, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Lucky Jain Tags: Foreword Source Type: research
The Role of the Neonatal Registered Dietitian Nutritionist
Neonatal registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) are critical members of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) team due to their unique skillset of growth assessment, nutrition evaluation, and implementation of nutrition best practices. There is a paucity of data on appropriate staffing of neonatal RDNs in NICUs to promote improved patient outcomes. Here, the authors describe current neonatal RDN staffing and responsibilities in the US NICUs. (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - June 2, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Stephanie Merlino Barr, Rosa K. Hand, Tanis R. Fenton, Sharon Groh-Wargo Source Type: research
Parenteral Nutrition in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
This article reviews different ILEs and their constituents and their relationship with neonatal health. (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - May 31, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Alvin P. Chan, Sara Rostas, Samantha Rogers, Camilia R. Martin, Kara L. Calkins Source Type: research
Calcium and Phosphorus
Inadequate intake of calcium and phosphorus during the perinatal period can result in metabolic bone disease (MBD), characterized by decreased bone mass, altered bone mineralization, and increased risk for fractures. Preterm neonates have higher risk of developing MBD. Treating MBD involves ensuring adequate calcium and phosphorus intake, early fortification, and vitamin D supplementation. Health care providers should closely monitor nutrient intake, postnatal growth, and screening of preterm neonates at risk for MBD. This review summarizes the critical roles of calcium and phosphorus in regulating bone physiology, how the...
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - May 31, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Katerina Kellar, Nisha Reddy Pandillapalli, Alvaro G. Moreira Source Type: research
Administering Parenteral Nutrition in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) requires evaluating the need for central venous catheters, potential drug incompatibilities, unintentional exposures, and suboptimal energy and nutrient intake during the transition to full enteral nutrition. Risks of photooxidation reactions in PN components, refeeding syndrome, and excess early amino acid intake should prompt the reevaluation of routine practices. The goal of this paper is to review the practicalities, challenges, and conundrums of administering PN in the NICU. (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - May 26, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Anne L. Smazal, Imran M. Ilahi, Janice Raucci, Daniel T. Robinson Source Type: research
The Practice of Enteral Nutrition
Establishing full enteral nutrition in critically ill preterm infants with immature gastrointestinal function is challenging. In this article, we will summarize emerging clinical evidence from randomized clinical trials suggesting the feasibility and efficacy of feeding interventions targeting the early establishment of full enteral nutrition. We will also examine trial outcomes of higher volume feedings after the establishment of full enteral nutrition. Only data from randomized clinical trials will be discussed extensively. Future opportunities for clinical research will also be presented. (Source: Clinics in Perinatology)
Source: Clinics in Perinatology - May 26, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Ariel A. Salas, Colm P. Travers Source Type: research