How can Biology of Aging Explain the Severity of COVID-19 in Older Adults
Aging has been identified as one of the most relevant risk factors for poor outcomes in COVID-19 infection. Since now, different mechanisms responsible for worse outcomes in the elderly have been proposed, which include the remodeling of immune system, the higher prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia, the increased burden of multimorbidity, and, to a lesser extent, the direct effects of age on the respiratory system and hormonal profile. It seems that the interplay between all these causes, rather than the individual pathophysiological mechanism, explains the increased severity of the disease with age. (Source: Clinics...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 21, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Antonella Gallo, Erika Pero, Simona Pellegrino, Noemi Macerola, Celeste Ambra Murace, Francesca Ibba, Maria Chiara Agnitelli, Francesco Landi, Massimo Montalto Source Type: research
How can biology of ageing explain the severity of COVID-19 in older adults
Aging has been identified as one of the most relevant risk factor for poor outcomes in COVID-19 infection. Since now, different mechanisms responsible for worse outcomes in the elderly have been proposed. They include the remodeling of immune system, the higher prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia, the increased burden of multimorbidity and, to a lesser extent, the direct effects of age on the respiratory system and hormonal profile.It seems that the interplay between all these causes, rather than the individual pathophysiological mechanism, explains the increased severity of the disease with age. (Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 21, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Antonella Gallo, Erika Pero, Simona Pellegrino, Noemi Macerola, Celeste Ambra Murace, Francesca Ibba, Maria Chiara Agnitelli, Francesco Landi, Massimo Montalto Source Type: research
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity, function, and quality of life
This article focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity in older people and subsequent effects and implications for function and quality of life. (Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 21, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Catherine M. Said, Frances Batchelor, Gustavo Duque Source Type: research
Malnutrition and sarcopenia in Covid-19 survivors
Malnutrition has been one of the most common complications of older Covid-19 survivors. Covid-19 associated symptoms like loss of appetite as well as changes in taste and smell may trigger the deterioration of nutritional status, while other complications of the disease may contribute to it, like respiratory failure that necessitates admission to the ICU. Especially in nursing home residents reduced food intake may be related to preexisting and also to incident geriatric syndromes like delirium. Sarcopenia has also been highly prevalent in older Covid-19 survivors. It is caused and exacerbated by Covid-19-associated inflam...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 20, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Stefan Grund, J ürgen M. Bauer Source Type: research
Osteoarthritis Flares
This article provides a contemporary perspective on defining OA flares and their potential triggers, and offers suggestions for how health professionals might explore flare patterns with patients in clinical practice and frame timely best-practice treatment approaches. (Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Martin J. Thomas, Francis Guillemin, Tuhina Neogi Source Type: research
Phenotypes in Osteoarthritis
This article is part of the Osteoarthritis issue for the Clinics in Geriatric Medicine journal. It covers the main aspects related to research and clinical practice of osteoarthritis phenotyping, including the concepts, the rationale for studies of OA phenotypes and their history, the approaches to OA phenotyping, recent advances in this area, and future directions. (Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Murillo D ório, Leticia A. Deveza Source Type: research
Best Evidence Osteoarthritis Care
This article provides an overview of osteoarthritis (OA) management recommendations and strategies to improve clinical practice concordance with clinical guidelines. In many countries, the primary point of care for a person with OA is typically general practitioners and physiotherapists. Optimal primary care focuses on core OA treatments, namely education for self-management and lifestyle interventions encompassing increased physical activity, therapeutic exercise, and weight loss (if indicated). Quality indicators are used in clinical practice and research to determine the quality of care and in some settings, are used as...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Bimbi Gray, Jillian P. Eyles, Sandra Grace, David J. Hunter, Nina Østerås, Jonathan Quicke, Dieuwke Schiphof, Jocelyn L. Bowden Source Type: research
Towards a Communication Framework for Empowerment in Osteoarthritis Care
Misconceptions about osteoarthritis can disempower individuals by perpetuating beliefs that wear and tear is beyond their control and creating dependency on experts to fix the problem. Clinical discourses play a crucial role in creating awareness that patients can be empowered to take control and successfully self-manage osteoarthritis. Communication is a key competency for clinicians working with osteoarthritis, but there are no documented frameworks to guide osteoarthritis education or communication to optimize understanding and facilitate empowerment. This review examines existing empowerment models to understand the ch...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Naomi Simick Behera, Samantha Bunzli Source Type: research
The Burden of Osteoarthritis in Older Adults
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability among older people. One in 3 people over age 65, and disproportionately more women than men, are living with OA. The prevalence of OA is rising related to an increasing prevalence of OA risk factors, including aging and obesity. In older adults, OA frequently exists alongside other common chronic conditions and may increase the risk for worse outcomes from these conditions. Given the growing burden and impact of OA, enhanced effort is required to deliver effective and safe treatments to those living with the disease. (Source: Clinics...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Gillian A. Hawker, Lauren K. King Source Type: research
The Role of Nutrition in Osteoarthritis
A literature review to identify nutritional factors and the prevention and management of knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) suggests that nutritional interventions offer some health benefits in OA through mechanisms such as weight loss, reduced inflammation, and antioxidant capacity. However, because data are limited with mixed results, high-quality evidence, including longitudinal studies and clinical trials, are needed to understand whether nutritional supplementation effectively prevents or manages OA. Therefore, healthcare professionals should consider promoting diets rich in fiber, including whole grains, fruit, vegetabl...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ni Wei, Zhaoli Dai Source Type: research
Predictors and Measures of Adherence to Core Treatments for Osteoarthritis
Adherence has been proposed as a major barrier to implementing and maintaining the benefits of osteoarthritis (OA) core treatments and is influenced by many factors. Although there are reasonable data to support factors influencing adherence to exercise/physical activity in knee/hip OA populations, there is less research examining alternative interventions, or in the hand OA population. This problem is complicated by the lack of gold-standard measurement of adherence for core osteoarthritis treatments. The predictors of treatment adherence are not well understood, and findings are contradictory. Strategies incorporating be...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Vicky Duong, David J. Hunter, Philippa J.A. Nicolson Source Type: research
A Framework to Guide the Development of Health Care Professional Education and Training in Best Evidence Osteoarthritis Care
This article presents a framework to guide the development and evaluation of education and training for HCPs in the delivery of evidence-based OA care including: (1) Overarching principles for education and training; (2) Core capabilities for the delivery of best evidence OA care; (3) Theories of learning and preferences for delivery; (4) Evaluation of education and training. (Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sarah Kobayashi, Kelli Allen, Kim Bennell, Jocelyn L. Bowden, Andrew M. Briggs, Annette Burgess, Rana S. Hinman, Melanie Holden, Nina Østerås, May Arna Godaker Risberg, Saurab Sharma, Martin van der Esch, Jillian P. Eyles Source Type: research
Surgery for Osteoarthritis
This narrative review highlights the prevalence of osteoarthritis as a chronic disease that directly contributes to the ever-growing health care expenditure to treat this condition. The increasing demand of total joint arthroplasty globally is explained in conjunction with the importance of understanding candidate suitability for arthroplasty surgery in order to maximize surgical outcomes and self-reported patient satisfaction after the surgery. Rehabilitation care following total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty, particularly the inappropriate use of inpatient rehabilitation service, is also explained, in addi...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kaka Martina, David J. Hunter, Lucy J. Salmon, Justin P. Roe, Michelle M. Dowsey Source Type: research
Prospects of Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs
Osteoarthritis (OA) causes a massive disease burden with a global prevalence of nearly 23% in 2020 and an unmet need for adequate treatment, given a lack of disease-modifying drugs (DMOADs). The author reviews the prospects of active DMOAD candidates in the phase 2/3 clinical trials of drug development pipeline based on key OA pathogenetic mechanisms directed to inflammation-driven, bone-driven, and cartilage-driven endotypes. The challenges and possible research opportunities are stated in terms of the formulation of a research question known as the PICO approach: (1) population, (2) interventions, (3) comparison or place...
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Win Min Oo Source Type: research
Realizing Health and Well-being Outcomes for People with Osteoarthritis Beyond Health Service Delivery
This article explores how SDH can impact the lives of people with OA, how SDH intersect at different stages of OA progression, and opportunities for integrating SDH factors to address the onset and management of OA across the life course. (Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Geriatric Medicine - April 9, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Jocelyn L. Bowden, Leigh F. Callahan, Jillian P. Eyles, Jennifer L. Kent, Andrew M. Briggs Source Type: research
