Treatment Approaches to Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease
Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease is highly antibiotic-resistant, and the current armamentarium of antibiotics yields poor treatment outcomes with significant drug toxicity. Macrolide susceptibility is a key prognostic factor. Optimal drug combinations, duration of therapy, and management of refractory disease are unknown. Surgical resection, performed at centers with experience in surgical management of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, may produce favorable outcomes in select patients. Multiple emerging therapeutic candidates hold promise for more efficacious and tolerable treatment options. (Source...
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - August 13, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Michael R. Holt, Timothy Baird Source Type: research
Surgical Resection in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease
Rates of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease are increasing worldwide, particularly in the United States and other developed countries. While multidrug antimicrobial therapy is the mainstay of treatment, surgical resection has emerged as an important adjunct. In this article, we will review the indications for surgery, preoperative considerations, surgical techniques, and postoperative outcomes. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - August 3, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lauren J. Taylor, John D. Mitchell Source Type: research
Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a systemic, granulomatous disease with variable presentation earning it the term “the great mimicker.” The current epidemiology confirms that the disease occurs worldwide, affecting both sexes, and all races, ethnicities, and ages. To date, no causal exposure or agent has been identified. The organ systems most frequently affected by sarcoidosis are also those with greatest exposure to the natural world suggesting environmental and lifestyle contributions to the disease. These include particulate matter, microorganisms, nicotine, and obesity. In this article, we review the epidemiology of sarcoidosis and...
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - August 1, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yvette C. Cozier, Elizabeth V. Arkema Source Type: research
Respiratory Infections
Pneumonia is one of the most common reasons for health care utilization in the United States. It can be caused by many different pathogens, but rarely is it able to be identified in specific cases. This has led most racial disparities research to focus on community acquired pneumonia and microbes of public health concern such as influenza, tuberculosis, and COVID-19. Differences have been shown to exist from prevention with vaccines to management and outcomes. COVID-19 has led to a significant increase in the awareness of this topic. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Joshua F. Detelich, Jordan A. Kempker Source Type: research
Interstitial Lung Disease and Sarcoidosis
Interstitial lung disease (ILD), a clinically recognized group of diseases resulting in pulmonary fibrosis, affects up to 200 individuals per 100,000 in the United States. Sarcoidosis has a wide range of clinical manifestations including pulmonary fibrosis. Health disparities are prevalent in both ILD and sarcoidosis around socioeconomic status, race, gender, and geographic location. This review outlines the known health disparities, discusses possible determinants of disparities, and outlines a path to achieve equity in ILD and sarcoidosis. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Michelle Sharp, Ali M. Mustafa, Naima Farah, Catherine A. Bonham Source Type: research
Aiming to Improve Equity in Pulmonary Health
CLINICS IN CHEST MEDICINE (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Drew Harris, Emily Brigham, Juan Celedon Source Type: research
Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Contributors
DREW HARRIS, MD (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Contents
Drew Harris, Emily Brigham, and Juan Celedon (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Forthcoming Issues
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 29, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease in the Immunocompromised Host
The immunocompromised host is at an increased risk for pulmonary and extrapulmonary NTM infections. Where data are available in these specific populations, increased mortality is observed with NTM disease. Prior to starting therapy for NTM disease, providers should ensure diagnostic criteria are met as treatment is long and often associated with significant side effects and toxicities. Treatment should involve 2 to 4 agents and be guided by cultures and antimicrobial susceptibilities. Drug interactions are important to consider, especially in those with HIV or transplant recipients. Whenever possible, immunosuppression sho...
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 26, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Cara D. Varley, Amber C. Streifel, Amanda M. Bair, Kevin L. Winthrop Source Type: research
Culture, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) typically cause opportunistic pulmonary infections and reliable laboratory results can assist with diagnosis of disease. Microscopy can detect acid-fast bacilli from specimens though it has poor sensitivity. Solid and liquid culture are used to grow NTM, which are identified by molecular or protein-based assays. Because culture has a long turnaround time, some assays are designed to identify NTM directly from sputum specimens. When indicated, phenotypic susceptibility testing should be performed by broth microdilution as per the guidelines from the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. ...
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 18, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Reeti Khare, Barbara A. Brown-Elliott Source Type: research
Diagnosis of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
This study has reviewed the diagnostic algorithms and approaches of sarcoidosis. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 18, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mengmeng Zhao, Ying Zhou Source Type: research
Predictors of Mortality in Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder that affects individuals of all racial/ethnic origins and occurs at any time of life. Spontaneous remission is frequent and may occur in 2 of 3 patients, while the remaining cases have chronic, progressive disease, with some patients presenting with organ- and life-threatening involvements. Many reports have investigated which features may be related to poor outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis. Pulmonary hypertension and respiratory failure from pulmonary fibrosis are the most common complications associated with the cause of death in sarcoidosis. Other major causes of dea...
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - July 18, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gamze K ırkıl Source Type: research
The Journey to Respiratory Health Equity
Most respiratory diseases are caused by an intricate combination of environmental exposure(s), susceptibility, and vulnerability over the course of a lifetime. Incident and prevalent chronic respiratory diseases are leading causes of disability and death globally1 and represent an important litmus test by which we can measure the health of our population. (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - June 26, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Drew Harris, Emily Brigham, Juan Celedon Tags: Preface Source Type: research
