Disordered intestinal microbes are associated with the activity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the evidence of gut microbiome changes in SLE is limited, and the association of changed gut microbiome with the activity of SLE, as well as its functional relevance with SLE still remains unknown. Here, we sequenced 16S rRNA amplicon on fecal samples from 40 SLE patients (19 active patients, 21 remissive patients), 20 disease controls (Rheumatoid Arthritis patients), and 22 healthy controls, and investigated the association of functional categories with taxonomic composition by Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of ...
Source: Clinical Science - March 13, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Li, Y., Wang, H., Li, X., Li, H., Zhang, Q., Zhou, H., He, Y., Li, P., Fu, C., Zhang, X., Qiu, Y., Li, J.-L. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Metabolomic analysis reveals metabolic characteristics of children with short stature caused by growth hormone deficiency
The diagnosis of short stature (SS) is of widespread important for later treatment. In this paper, a metabolomic method was used to analyze the metabolic characteristics of SS children caused by endocrine metabolic diseases in order to understand the underlying biochemical mechanism and provide a potential intervention strategy for SS. According to the clinical diagnosis and family investigation, all patients with SS were confirmed to be due to the endocrine disorders, especially GHD. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic analysis of serum was used to identify the metabolic changes of 45 SS children from the...
Source: Clinical Science - March 12, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Xu, R., Zhu, H., Zhang, C., Shen, G., Feng, J. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Melatonin suppresses lung cancer metastasis by inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition through targeting to Twist
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, whereby mature epithelial cells undergo phenotype transition and differentiate into motile, invasive cells, has been indicated in tumor metastasis. The melatonin hormone secreted by the pineal gland has an antioxidant effect and protects cells against carcinogenic substances that reduce tumor progression. However, the effects of melatonin in EMT and lung cancer metastasis are largely unknown. We found that melatonin downregulated EMT by inhibiting Twist/Twist1 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 1) expression. This effect was mediated by MT1 receptor, PLC, p38/ERK ...
Source: Clinical Science - February 26, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chao, C.-C., Chen, P.-C., Chiou, P.-C., Hsu, C.-J., Liu, P.-Y., Yang, Y.-C., Reiter, R., Yang, S.-F., Tang, C. H. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
The serum biomarker chemerin promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Chemerin, which is encoded by retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2), has been found to be related to malignant tumours, but its role in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is largely unexplored. In the present study, a higher serum level of chemerin was evident in patients with OSCC than in healthy individuals, and this high level of chemerin significantly decreased after tumour resection. In addition, high chemerin levels were positively associated with advanced tumour stage and lymph node metastasis. The expression levels of chemerin and Chemerin Receptor 23 (ChemR23) were positiv...
Source: Clinical Science - February 25, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lu, Z., Liang, J., He, Q., Wan, Q., Hou, J., Lian, K., Wang, A. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor plays an essential role in ischemic preconditioning mediated cardioprotection
In conclusion, MIF plays a critical role in IPC-mediated cardioprotection under ischemic stress by activating RISK signalling pathway and AMPK. These results provide an insight for developing a novel therapeutic strategy that target MIF to protect ischemic hearts. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - February 25, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ruze, A., Chen, B.-D., Liu, F., Chen, X.-C., Gai, M.-T., Li, X.-M., Ma, Y.-T., Du, X.-J., Yang, Y.-N., Gao, X.-M. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
STAT1-mediated inhibition of FOXM1 enhances gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer
Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) was identified as an oncogenic transcription factor and master regulator of tumor progression and metastasis. FOXM1 expression often correlates with poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance. In the present study, we investigated the association of FOXM1 expression and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. Elevated FOXM1 protein levels were associated with gemcitabine chemoresistance in patients with pancreatic cancer. In gemcitabine resistance cell line models of pancreatic cancer, FOXM1 expression increased, which induced gemcitabine chemoresistance in vitro . In pancreatic cancer cells ...
Source: Clinical Science - February 19, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Liu, C., Shi, J., Li, Q., Li, Z., Lou, C., Zhao, Q., Zhu, Y., Zhan, F., Lian, J., Wang, B., Guan, X., Fang, L., Li, Z., Wang, Y., Zhou, B., Yao, Y., Zhang, Y. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
FNDC5/Irisin inhibits pathological cardiac hypertrophy
In conclusion, we find irisin is secreted in an ADAM family dependent manner, and irisin treatment improves cardiac function and attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis mainly through regulating AMPK-mTOR signaling. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - February 19, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yu, Q., Kou, W., Xu, X., Zhou, S., Luan, P., Xu, X., Li, H., Zhuang, J., Wang, J., Zhao, Y., Xu, Y., Peng, W.-h. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
MiR-33a is a therapeutic target in SPG4-related hereditary spastic paraplegia human neurons
Recent reports, including ours, have indicated that microRNA (miR)-33 located within the intron of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) 2 controls cholesterol homeostasis and can be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Here we show that SPAST , which encodes a microtubule-severing protein called spastin, was a novel target gene of miR-33 in human. Actually, the miR-33 binding site in the SPAST 3'-UTR is conserved not in mice but in mid to large mammals, and it is impossible to clarify the role of miR-33 on SPAST in mice. We demonstrated that inhibition of miR-33a, a major f...
Source: Clinical Science - February 18, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nakazeki, F., Tsuge, I., Horie, T., Imamura, K., Tsukita, K., Hotta, A., Baba, O., Kuwabara, Y., Nishino, T., Nakao, T., Nishiga, M., Nishi, H., Nakashima, Y., Ide, Y., Koyama, S., Kimura, M., Tsuji, S., Naitoh, M., Suzuki, S., Izumi, Y., Kawarai, T., Kaj Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Alamandine attenuates arterial remodelling induced by transverse aortic constriction in mice.
Conclusions - Alamandine treatment prevents vascular remodelling after TAC, at least in part, through anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. Hence, this work opens new avenues for the use of this heptapeptide also as a therapeutic target for vascular disease. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - February 8, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Souza-Neto, F. P. d., Silva, M. M., Santuchi, M. d. C., de Alcantara-Leonidio, T. C., Motta-Santos, D., Oliveira, A., Melo, M. B., Canta, G. N., de Souza, L. E., Irigoyen, M. C., Campagnole-Santos, M. J., Guatimosim, S., Souza dos Santos, R. A., Silva, R. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Matrine reduces cigarette smoke-induced airway neutrophilic inflammation by enhancing neutrophil apoptosis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major incurable global health burden and will become the third largest cause of death in the world by 2030. It is well established that an exaggerated inflammatory and oxidative stress response to cigarette smoke (CS) leads to, emphysema, small airway fibrosis, mucus hypersecretion and progressive airflow limitation. Current treatments have limited efficacy in inhibiting chronic inflammation and consequently do not reverse the pathology that initiate and drive the long-term progression of disease. In particular, there are no effective therapeutics that target neutroph...
Source: Clinical Science - February 7, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yu, X., Seow, H. J., Wang, H., Anthony, D., Bozinovski, S., Lin, L., Ye, J.-M., Vlahos, R. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Omeprazole prevents CDX2 and SOX9 expression by inhibiting hedgehog signaling in Barrett's esophagus cells
Activation of hedgehog(Hh) signaling contributes to the progression of Barrett's Esophagus(BE), which increases the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Recent clinical studies revealed Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) but not H2 Receptor Antagonists (H2RAs) were associated with a decreased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. We would like to know whether PPIs interfere with BE progression during BE treatment. Here, we explored the role of omeprazole on Hh signaling and expression of two crucial biomarkers of BE, SOX9 and CDX2. We demonstrated that bile acids elevated expression of Hh pathway target genes, such as GLI1 and PTCH1...
Source: Clinical Science - January 31, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Huang, J., Liu, H., Sun, T., Fang, J.-Y., Wang, J., Xiong, H. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Activation of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) protects intestine from ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by protecting the crypt cell proliferation
The intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical event related with high mortality in patients undergoing surgery or trauma. Estrogen exerts salutary effect on intestinal I/R injury, but the receptor type is not totally understood. We aimed to identify whether the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) could protect the intestine against I/R injury and explored the mechanism. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to intestinal I/R injury by clamping (45 min) of the superior mesenteric artery followed by 4 h of intestinal reperfusion. Our results revealed that the selective GPER blocker abolished t...
Source: Clinical Science - January 31, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chai, S., Liu, K., Feng, W., Liu, T., Wang, Q., Zhou, R., Chen, S., Wang, L., Chen, G., Ming, T., Zhao, J., Liu, C., Xue, B. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Balancing mitochondrial dynamics via increasing mitochondrial fusion attenuates infarct size and left ventricular dysfunction in rats with cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury
An uncontrolled balance of mitochondrial dynamics has been shown to contribute to cardiac dysfunction during I/R injury. Although inhibition of mitochondrial fission could ameliorate cardiac dysfunction, modulation of mitochondrial fusion by giving a fusion promoter at different time-points during cardiac I/R injury has never been investigated. We hypothesized that giving of a mitochondrial fusion promoter at different time-points exerts cardioprotection with different levels of efficacy in rats with cardiac I/R injury. Forty Male Wistar rats were subjected to a 30-min ischemia by coronary occlusion, foll...
Source: Clinical Science - January 31, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Maneechote, C., Palee, S., Kerdphoo, S., Jaiwongkam, T., Chattipakorn, S., Chattipakorn, N. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Involvement of serum amyloid A1 in the rupture of fetal membranes through induction of collagen I degradation
The de novo synthesis of serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) is augmented in human fetal membranes at parturition. However, its role in parturitionremains largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether SAA1 wasinvolved inthe rupture of fetal membranes, a crucial event in parturition accompanied with extensive degradation of collagens. Results showed that SAA1 decreased both intracellular and extracellular COL1A1 and COL1A2 abundance,the two subunits ofcollagen I, without affecting theirmRNAlevels in human amnion fibroblasts.These reductions were completely blocked only with inhibition of both matrix metalloproteases (MMPs)and autophag...
Source: Clinical Science - January 25, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wang, W.-s., Li, W.-j., Wang, Y.-w., Wang, L.-y., Mi, Y.-b., Lu, J.-w., Lu, Y., Zhang, C.-y., Sun, K. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Suppression of MicroRNA Let-7i-5p Promotes Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Repairs Heart Function Post Injury by Targeting CCND2 and E2F2.
This study was undertaken to characterize the role of let-7i-5p in the processes of cardiomyocyte cell cycle and proliferation and to reveal the mechanisms thereof. In this study, we used real-time qPCR to determine the upregulated let-7i-5p in cardiomyocytes during the postnatal switch from proliferation to terminal differentiation and further validated the role of let-7i-5p by loss- and gain-of-function of let-7i-5p in cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo . We found that the overexpression of let-7i-5p inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation, whereas the suppression of let-7i-5p significantly facilitated cardiomyocyte pr...
Source: Clinical Science - January 24, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hu, Y., Jin, G., Li, B., Chen, Y., Zhong, L. L., Chen, G., Chen, X., Zhong, J., Liao, W., Liao, Y., Wang, Y., Bin, J. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
