Mitochondrial protein 18 is a positive apoptotic regulator in cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress
This study aimed to detect the role of Mtp18 in H2O2-induced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. We studied the effect of Mtp18 in cardiomyocytes by modulating its expression with lentiviral construct of Mtp18-shRNA and Mtp18 c-DNA, respectively. We then analyzed mitochondrial morphological dynamics with MitoTracker Red staining; apoptosis with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) and cell death detection assays; and protein expression with immunoblotting. Here, we observed that Mtp18 could regulate oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in ...
Source: Clinical Science - April 22, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Aung, L. H. H., Li, Y.-Z., Yu, H., Chen, X., Yu, Z., Gao, J., Li, P. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Prenatal Cold Exposure Causes Hypertension in Offspring by Hyperactivity of the Sympathetic Nervous System
This study provides evidence for overactive peripheral and central sympathetic nervous systems in the pathogenesis of prenatal cold-induced hypertension. Central AT1 receptor blockade in the PVN may be a key step for treatment of this type hypertension. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - April 22, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chen, K., Sun, D., Qu, S., Chen, Y., Wang, J., Zhou, L., Jose, P. A., Yang, Y., Zeng, C. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
circRASSF2 promotes laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating the miR-302b-3p/ IGF-1R axis
Conclusion: In conclusion, these data suggest that circRASSF2 is a central component linking circRNAs to progression of LSCC via a miR-302b-3p / IGF-1R axis. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - April 15, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tian, L., Cao, J., Jiao, H., Zhang, J., Ren, X., Liu, X., Liu, M., Sun, Y. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 channels protects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal insufficiency in neonatal pigs
In this study, we show that pharmacological activation of TRPV4 channels constricted preglomerular microvessels and elicited renal hypoperfusion in neonatal pigs. Bilateral renal ischemia followed by short-term reperfusion increased TRPV4 protein expression in resistance size renal vessels and TRPV4-dependent cation currents in renal vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Selective TRPV4 channel blockers attenuated IR-induced reduction in total renal blood flow, cortical perfusion, and glomerular filtration rate. TRPV4 inhibition also diminished renal IR-induced increase in AKI biomarkers. Furthermore, the level of angiotens...
Source: Clinical Science - April 14, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Soni, H., Peixoto-Neves, D., Olushoga, M. A., Adebiyi, A. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
The human duodenal mucosa harbours all components for a local renin angiotensin system
Conclusion: Immunostaining and pharmacological data demonstrate the presence of a local RAS in the human duodenal mucosa with capacity to influence epithelial ion transport by way of particulary the AT2R. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - April 14, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Spak, E., Hallersund, P., Edebo, A., Casselbrant, A., Fandriks, L. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Endothelial cell-derived small extracellular vesicles suppress cutaneous wound healing through regulating fibroblasts autophagy
Diabetic foot ulcer is a life-threatening clinical problem in diabetic patients. Endothelial cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are important mediators of intercellular communication in the pathogenesis of several diseases. However, the exact mechanisms of wound healing mediated by endothelial cell-derived sEVs remain unclear. sEVs were isolated from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) pretreated with or without advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The roles of HUVECs-derived sEVs on the biological characteristics of skin fibroblasts were investigated both in vitro and ...
Source: Clinical Science - April 14, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zeng, T., Wang, X., Wang, W., Feng, Q., Lao, G., Liang, Y., Wang, C., Zhou, J., Chen, Y., Liu, J., Gao, H., Lan, B., Wu, Y., Han, Y., Liu, Y., Chen, H., Liu, L., Yang, C., Yan, L., Ren, M., Sun, K. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analog EET-B attenuates post-myocardial infarction remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats
In conclusion, these findings suggest that EET analog EET-B has beneficial therapeutic actions to reduce cardiac remodeling in SHR subjected to MI. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - April 11, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Neckař, J., Hye Khan, M. A., Gross, G. J., Cyprova, M., Hrdlička, J., Kvasilova, A., Falck, J. R., Campbell, W. B., Sedlakova, L., Škutova, Šarka, Olejničkova, V., Gregorovičova, M., Sedmera, D., Kolař, F., Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Rhinovirus-induces progression of lung disease in a mouse model of COPD via IL33/ST2 signaling axis
In conclusion, our data suggest an important role for ST2/IL-33 signaling axis in RV-induced pathological changes in COPD mice. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - April 4, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Gimenes, J. A., Srivastava, V., Reddyvari, H., Kotnala, S., Mishra, R., Farazuddin, M., Li, W., Sajjan, U. S. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Glutaminolysis and lipoproteins are key factors in late immune recovery in successfully treated HIV-infected patients
The immunological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms associated with poor immune recovery are far from known, and metabolomic profiling offers additional value to traditional soluble markers. Here, we present novel and relevant data that could contribute to better understanding of the molecular mechanisms preceding a discordant response and HIV progression under suppressive cART. Integrated data from NMR-based lipoprotein profiles, MS-based metabolomics and soluble plasma biomarkers help to build prognostic and immunological progression tools that enable the differentiation of HIV-infected subjects based on their immune...
Source: Clinical Science - April 4, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Rosado-Sanchez, I., Rodriguez-Gallego, E., Peraire, J., Vilades, C., Herrero, P., Fanjul, F., Gutierrez, F., Bernal, E., Pelazas, R., Leal, M., Veloso, S., Lopez-Dupla, M., Blanco, J., Vidal, F., Pacheco, Y. M., Rull, A. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
A pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 inhibits necroptosis by preventing phosphorylation of RIPK1 and alleviates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis
A dramatic increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been observed in the past 2 decades, mainly in developed countries but also in developing regions. Necroptosis has been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suggesting its inhibitors are promising in clinic. However, clinical drugs targeting necroptosis are seriously lacking. Through screening a clinical compound library that contains 611 inhibitors, a pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 was found to be promising as a necroptosis inhibitor. LY3009120 inhibited necroptosis in vitro , and its inhibition a...
Source: Clinical Science - April 2, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhang, C., Luo, Y., He, Q., Liu, S., He, A., Yan, J. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Gut microbiota in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome: disease-related dysbiosis and metabolic comorbidities
Gut microbiota alterations manifest as intermittent hypoxia and fragmented sleep, thereby mimicking obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Here, we sought to perform the first direct survey of gut microbial dysbiosis over a range of apnea-hypopnea indices (AHI) among patients with OSAHS. We obtained fecal samples from 93 patients with OSAHS [5 < AHI ≤ 15 ( n = 40), 15 < AHI ≤ 30 ( n = 23), and AHI ≥ 30 ( n = 30)] and 20 controls (AHI ≤ 5) and determined the microbiome composition via 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and bioinformatic analysis of variable regions 3-4. We measured fasting levels of ho...
Source: Clinical Science - April 1, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ko, C.-Y., Liu, Q.-Q., Su, H.-Z., Zhang, H.-P., Fan, J.-M., Yang, J.-H., Hu, A.-K., Liu, Y.-Q., Chou, D., Zeng, Y.-M. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Interleukin-35 promotes early endothelialization after stent implantation by regulating macrophage activation
Conclusions: We investigated the effect of IL-35 expression on early stent endothelialization in vivo and in vitro and identified a crucial role for IL-35 in inducing the activation of an anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophage phenotype. This study highlights a new therapeutic strategy for early stent endothelialization. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - March 25, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Liu, X., Zhang, R., Hou, J., Wu, J., Zhang, M., Fang, S., Wang, X., Huang, X., Tian, J., Li, H., Sun, Y., Yu, B. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Cell-surface Translocation of Annexin A2 contributes to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by mediating inflammatory response in mice
Bleomycin, a widely used anti-cancer drug, may give rise to pulmonary fibrosis, a serious side effect which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the intensive efforts, the precise pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis still remain to be clarified. Our previous study showed that bleomycin bound directly to annexin A2 (ANXA2, or p36), leading to development of pulmonary fibrosis by impeding TFEB-induced autophagic flux. Here, we demonstrated that ANXA2 also played a critical role in bleomycin-induced inflammation, which represents another major cause of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. W...
Source: Clinical Science - March 21, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lei, Y., Wang, K., Li, X., Li, Y., Feng, X., Zhou, J., Zhang, Z., Huang, C., Zhang, T. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Use of the immunoglobulin G avidity assay to differentiate between recent Zika and past dengue virus infections
Conclusions. The IgG avidity assay accurately distinguished recent ZIKV from past DENV infections in patients who traveled to dengue endemic regions. This assay could be very useful in patients with high risk of Zika complications such as pregnant women and monitoring immune responses in vaccine trials. (Source: Clinical Science)
Source: Clinical Science - March 21, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Furuya, A. K., Hunt, D., St. George, K., Dupuis, A. P., Kramer, L. D., Shi, P.-Y., Wong, S. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
Identification of an activated neutrophil phenotype in polymyalgia rheumatica during steroid treatment: potential involvement of immune cell cross talk
We have reported the existence of a distinct neutrophil phenotype in giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients arising at week 24 of steroid treatment. In the present study, we investigated whether longitudinal analysis of neutrophil phenotype in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) could reveal a novel association with disease status and immune cell cross-talk. Thus, we monitored PMR patient neutrophil phenotype and plasma microvesicle profiles in blood aliquots collected pre-steroid, and then at weeks 1, 4, 12 and 24 post-steroid treatment. Using flow cytometric and flow chamber analyses we identified 12-week post-steroi...
Source: Clinical Science - March 20, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nadkarni, S., Lashin, H., Hollywood, J., Dasgupta, B., Mason, J. C., Perretti, M. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research
