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Lower Cervical Levels: Increased Risk of Early Dysphonia Following Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery
Since firstly introduced by Smith and Robinson by in 1960s [1], anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) has been widely used in addressing the majority of cervical spine pathologies. Although clinical result of this procedure is generally good, there are complications that can be problematic and sometimes may be catastrophic. Several adverse events have been documented, including dysphagia, dysphonia, hematoma, Dural penetration, infection, airway obstruction, esophageal perforation, Horner's syndrome, instrumentation displacement [2]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 31, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Ji-Huan Zeng, Xiao-Dan Li, Liang Deng, Qiang Xiao Source Type: research

Benefits of Subthalamic Stimulation for Elderly Parkinsonian Patients Aged 70 years or Older
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder commonly found in older people [1]. The peak incidence occurs at 60 –70 years. The mean age of onset is approximately 60–65 years [2]. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is effective in treating patients with advanced PD, typically improving their life quality [3–5]. However, elderly PD patients (age≧70 years) are frequently exclud ed worldwide from DBS therapy [3,6,7] or related clinical trials [8] on the sole basis of upper-age limits, despite little supporting evidence. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 28, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Shang-Ming Chiou Source Type: research

Predictors of 30-Day Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm Surgery
Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) is a relatively common intracranial pathology, with an estimated prevalence in the US population between 2 and 3%. [1,2] Available modern imaging modalities have dramatically increased the ability to detect these lesions. Despite the continued advancement in endovascular techniques, surgical clip occlusion, although invasive, remains a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of UIA. [3 –6] One of the keys to maximizing benefit from surgical clip ligation lies in identifying risk factors associated with peri-operative complications, thus facilitating the anticipation and potenti...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 26, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Panagiotis Kerezoudis, Brandon A. McCutcheon, Meghan Murphy, Tarek Rayan, Hannah Gilder, Lorenzo Rinaldo, Daniel Shepherd, Patrick Maloney, Brian R. Hirshman, Bob S Carter, Mohamad Bydon, Fredric Meyer, Giuseppe Lanzino Source Type: research

Assessment of clinical improvement in patients undergoing endovascular coiling in traumatic carotid cavernous fistulas
Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a clinical ensemble consisting of an abnormal communication between the internal carotid artery (ICA), external carotid artery (ECA) or any of their branches to the cavernous sinus. Dwith Parkinson [1] is credited for his extensive efforts in the 1960s and 1970s to further characterize the anatomy of cavernous sinus and to define CCFs. These lesions are usually classified as direct or indirect. Direct fistulas have an abnormal communication between the ICA and the cavernous sinus. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 21, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Dr. Krishna Chaitanya Joshi, Dr. Daljit Singh, Dr. Deepali Garg, Dr. Hukum Singh, Dr. Monica S. Tandon Source Type: research

Absent quadriceps reflex with distant toe flexor response: An underrecognized neurological sign
Finger flexion response upon tapping the styloid process of the radius is a well-known phenomenon. It is referred as spread when there is brachioradialis response, and as an inverted brachioradialis reflex when only finger flexion is noted [1]. The latter has been associated with C5-C6 radiculomyelopathies [2]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 18, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Diego Z. Carvalho, Christopher J. Boes Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Absent quadriceps reflex with distant toe flexor response: an underrecognized neurological sign
Finger flexion response upon tapping the styloid process of the radius is a well-known phenomenon. It is referred as spread when there is brachioradialis response, and as an inverted brachioradialis reflex when only finger flexion is noted [1]. The latter has been associated with C5-C6 radiculomyelopathies [2]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 18, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Diego Z. Carvalho, Christopher J. Boes Tags: Case report Source Type: research

The combined EGFR protein expression analysis refines the prognostic value of the MGMT promoter methylation status in glioblastoma
Glioblastoma (GB) incidence is about 2 –3 cases per 100,000 people [1], and its prognosis is extremely poor with a median survival time of only 14.5 months from diagnosis in clinical trials [2] with 3-year survival rates rarely reaching 5% [3]. However, in clinical practice, a great variability in terms of prognosis exists in unselecte d patients. Extensive characterisation by multiple omic platforms is improving our knowledge of the molecular bases underlying the nature of GB aggressiveness [4,5]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 17, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Paolo Tini, Pierpaolo Pastina, Valerio Nardone, Lucio Sebaste, Marzia Toscano, Clelia Miracco, Alfonso Cerase, Luigi Pirtoli Source Type: research

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in non-communicating hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus (HC) was differentiated into the subtypes non-communicating and communicating HC about 100 years ago by Dandy and Blackfan [1]. In the non-communicating type, the location of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow obstruction is assumed to be within the ventricular CSF pathways, for example in the aqueduct of Sylvius. However, the pathophysiology of non-communicating HC remains poorly understood. Hence, despite evidence of CSF obstruction, some patients do not develop HC, and overnight intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring may reveal normal pulsatile and static ICP scores, indicating that CSF obstruction not always ...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 17, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Per Kristian Eide, Are Hugo Pripp Source Type: research

Influence of the T1-slope on sagittal alignment of the subaxial cervical spine after posterior atlantoaxial fusion in os odontoideum
Posterior atlantoaxial fusion has been greatly used in the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation or instability, achieving good clinical results. However, it sacrifices the motion of atlantoaxial articulation. Secondary postoperative loss of cervical lordosis, even cervical kyphosis is observed in some cases, leading to neck pain and recurrence or deterioration of neurological deficits [1 –6]. C1-C2 fixation angle is considered to be an important factor influencing postoperative alignment of the subaxial cervical spine in previous studies. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 17, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Qunfeng Guo, Yuan Deng, Jian Wang, Liang Wang, Xuhua Lu, Xiang Guo, Bin Ni Source Type: research

The Combined EGFR Protein Expression Analysis Refines the Prognostic Value of the MGMT Promoter Methylation Status in Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma (GB) incidence is about 2-3 cases per 100,000 people [1], and its prognosis is extremely poor with a median survival time of only 14.5 months from diagnosis in clinical trials [2] with 3-year survival rates rarely reaching 5% [3]. However, in clinical practice, a great variability in terms of prognosis exists in unselected patients. Extensive characterisation by multiple omic platforms is improving our knowledge of the molecular bases underlying the nature of GB aggressiveness [4,5]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 17, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Paolo Tini, Pierpaolo Pastina, Valerio Nardone, Lucio Sebaste, Marzia Toscano, Clelia Miracco, Alfonso Cerase, Luigi Pirtoli Source Type: research

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in non-communicating hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus (HC) was differentiated into the subtypes non-communicating and communicating HC about 100 years ago by Dandy and Blackfan [1]. In the non-communicating type, the location of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow obstruction is assumed to be within the ventricular CSF pathways, for example in the aqueduct of Sylvius. However, the pathophysiology of non-communicating HC remains poorly understood. Hence, despite evidence of CSF obstruction, some patients do not develop HC, and overnight intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring may reveal normal pulsatile and static ICP scores, indicating that CSF obstruction not always ...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 17, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Per Kristian Eide, Are Hugo Pripp Source Type: research

Influence of the T1-slope on sagittal alignment of the subaxial cervical spine after posterior atlantoaxial fusion in os odontoideum
Posterior atlantoaxial fusion has been greatly used in the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation or instability, achieving good clinical results. However, it sacrifices the motion of atlantoaxial articulation. Secondary postoperative loss of cervical lordosis, even cervical kyphosis is observed in some cases, leading to neck pain and recurrence or deterioration of neurological deficits [1–6]. C1-C2 fixation angle is considered to be an important factor influencing postoperative alignment of the subaxial cervical spine in previous studies. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 17, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Qunfeng Guo, Yuan Deng, Jian Wang, Liang Wang, Xuhua Lu, Xiang Guo, Bin Ni Source Type: research

Type 2 diabetes is an independent negative prognostic factor in patients undergoing surgical resection of a WHO grade I meningioma
Intracranial meningiomas are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumors, accounting for roughly 1/3 of all diagnoses [1,2]. The majority of meningiomas carry a favorable prognosis, and amongst the operative cases the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality is fairly low [3 –5]. However, a number of factors have been associated with higher risk of perioperative complications and long-term mortality. Patient age, tumor size, pathological grade, tumor location, and extent of surgical resection are previously identified prognostic variables in patients undergoing a meni ngioma resection [6–12]. (Source: Clini...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 15, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Arash Nayeri, Silky Chotai, Marc A. Prablek, Philip R Brinson, Diana G Douleh, Kyle D Weaver, Reid C Thompson, Lola Chambless Source Type: research

Type 2 Diabetes is an Independent Negative Prognostic Factor in Patients Undergoing Surgical Resection of a WHO Grade I Meningioma
Intracranial meningiomas are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumors, accounting for roughly 1/3 of all diagnoses [1,2]. The majority of meningiomas carry a favorable prognosis, and amongst the operative cases the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality is fairly low [3–5]. However, a number of factors have been associated with higher risk of perioperative complications and long-term mortality. Patient age, tumor size, pathological grade, tumor location, and extent of surgical resection are previously identified prognostic variables in patients undergoing a meningioma resection [6–12]. (Source: Clinica...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 15, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Arash Nayeri, Silky Chotai, Marc A. Prablek, Philip R Brinson, Diana G Douleh, Kyle D Weaver, Reid C Thompson, Lola Chambless Source Type: research