Cervicovaginal Inflammation Facilitates Acquisition of Less Infectious HIV Variants
We evaluated whether genital inflammation affects the selection of the transmitted virus. Among South African women, we found that preinfection genital inflammation facilitates transmission of less infectious human immunodeficiency virus, but highly infectious viruses are able to establish infection regardless of inflammation status. This suggests that viral phenotype can influence transmission risk. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Selhorst, P., Masson, L., Ismail, S. D., Samsunder, N., Garrett, N., Mansoor, L. E., Abdool Karim, Q., Abdool Karim, S. S., Passmore, J.-A. S., Williamson, C. Tags: BRIEF REPORTS Source Type: research
Home Environment as a Source of Life-Threatening Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in Immunocompromised Patients
A case of fatal aspergillosis due to a TR46/Y121F/T289A azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is reported. Environmental investigations at the patient's residence led to the recovery of TR46/Y121F/T289A isolates, genotypically indistinguishable from the clinical isolate, supporting for the first time the direct role of household as potential source of azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lavergne, R.-A., Chouaki, T., Hagen, F., Toublanc, B., Dupont, H., Jounieaux, V., Meis, J. F., Morio, F., Le Pape, P. Tags: BRIEF REPORTS Source Type: research
Coinfection With Zika and Dengue-2 Viruses in a Traveler Returning From Haiti, 2016: Clinical Presentation and Genetic Analysis
Zika virus and dengue virus serotype 2 were isolated from a patient with travel to Haiti who developed fever, rash, arthralgias, and conjunctivitis. The infecting Zika virus was related to Venezuelan and Brazilian strains but evolved along a lineage originating from strains isolated in 2014 in the same region of Haiti. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Iovine, N. M., Lednicky, J., Cherabuddi, K., Crooke, H., White, S. K., Loeb, J. C., Cella, E., Ciccozzi, M., Salemi, M., Morris, J. G. Tags: BRIEF REPORTS Source Type: research
Fluconazole in the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania braziliensis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusions. Oral fluconazole at a dosage of 6.5–8 mg/kg/d for 28 days should not be considered an effective treatment for CL caused by L. braziliensis.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01953744. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Prates, F. V. d. O., Dourado, M. E. F., Silva, S. C., Schriefer, A., Guimaraes, L. H., Brito, M. d. G. O., Almeida, J., Carvalho, E. M., Machado, P. R. L. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Clinical Manifestations and Molecular Characterization of Pertactin-Deficient and Pertactin-Producing Bordetella pertussis in Children, Philadelphia 2007-2014
Conclusions. In this cohort of predominantly unimmunized infants, clinical disease did not differ between infection with pertactin-deficient and those with pertactin-producing B. pertussis. Molecular analyses demonstrated remarkable PFGE strain diversity, with multiple mechanisms and molecular sites of pertactin inactivation. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Vodzak, J., Queenan, A. M., Souder, E., Evangelista, A. T., Long, S. S. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Time Until Emergence of HIV Test Reactivity Following Infection With HIV-1: Implications for Interpreting Test Results and Retesting After Exposure
Conclusions. Our directly comparable estimates of the emergence of reactivity for 20 immunoassays are valuable to testing providers for interpreting negative HIV test results obtained shortly after exposure, and for counseling individuals on when to retest after an exposure. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Delaney, K. P., Hanson, D. L., Masciotra, S., Ethridge, S. F., Wesolowski, L., Owen, S. M. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Late Relapse Versus Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection in Patients With Sustained Virologic Response After Sofosbuvir-Based Therapies
Conclusions. The incidence of late recurrent viremia was low. Distinguishing reinfection from virologic relapse has implications for determining true treatment efficiency and selecting optimal retreatment strategies. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sarrazin, C., Isakov, V., Svarovskaia, E. S., Hedskog, C., Martin, R., Chodavarapu, K., Brainard, D. M., Miller, M. D., Mo, H., Molina, J.-M., Sulkowski, M. S. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Editorial Commentary: Perspectives on the Future of Internet Search Engines and Biosurveillance Systems
(Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Santillana, M. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Evaluating Google Flu Trends in Latin America: Important Lessons for the Next Phase of Digital Disease Detection
Conclusions. We note substantial inaccuracies with GFT-predicted influenza activity compared with FluNet throughout Latin America, particularly among tropical countries with irregular influenza seasonality. Our findings offer valuable lessons for future Internet-based biosurveillance tools. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Pollett, S., Boscardin, W. J., Azziz-Baumgartner, E., Tinoco, Y. O., Soto, G., Romero, C., Kok, J., Biggerstaff, M., Viboud, C., Rutherford, G. W. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Editorial Commentary: The Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Infection Risk After Exposure to an Exogenous Pathogen
(Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: DiGiulio, D. B. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
The Cervicovaginal Microbiota in Women Notified for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection: A Case-Control Study at the Sexually Transmitted Infection Outpatient Clinic in Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Conclusions. Women who tested positive for Chlamydia trachomatis infection after having been contact-traced by a chlamydia-positive partner were more likely to have CVM dominated by L. iners or by diverse anaerobic bacteria, than by L. crispatus. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: van der Veer, C., Bruisten, S. M., van der Helm, J. J., de Vries, H. J. C., van Houdt, R. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
The Effect of Molecular Rapid Diagnostic Testing on Clinical Outcomes in Bloodstream Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusions. For BSIs, mRDT was associated with significant decreases in mortality risk in the presence of a ASP, but not in its absence. mRDT also decreased the time to effective therapy and the length of stay. mRDT should be considered as part of the standard of care in patients with BSIs. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Timbrook, T. T., Morton, J. B., McConeghy, K. W., Caffrey, A. R., Mylonakis, E., LaPlante, K. L. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Effectiveness of Prenatal Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination on Pertussis Severity in Infants
Conclusions. Infants with pertussis whose mothers received Tdap during pregnancy had a significantly lower risk of hospitalization and intensive care unit admission and shorter hospital stays. Prenatal Tdap vaccination is a critical strategy for reducing the morbidity and mortality from pertussis. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Winter, K., Cherry, J. D., Harriman, K. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Effectiveness of Prenatal Versus Postpartum Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination in Preventing Infant Pertussis
Conclusions. Tdap vaccination at 27–36 weeks gestation was 85% more effective than postpartum vaccination at preventing pertussis in infants <8 weeks of age. Efforts should be made by prenatal care providers to provide Tdap vaccine to pregnant women during routine prenatal visits at the earliest opportunity between 27 and 36 weeks gestation. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Winter, K., Nickell, S., Powell, M., Harriman, K. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Skating to Where the Puck Is Going to Be
(Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Schooley, R. T., Fang, F. C. Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
