Mycobacterial Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Mycobacterium abscessus Lung Disease
Conclusions.
Precise identification to the subspecies level and analysis of mycobacterial characteristics could help predict treatment outcomes in patients with M. abscessus lung disease. Treatment failures and recurrences are frequently associated with multiple genotypes, suggesting reinfection.
Clinical Trials Registration.
NCT00970801. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Koh, W.-J., Jeong, B.-H., Kim, S.-Y., Jeon, K., Park, K. U., Jhun, B. W., Lee, H., Park, H. Y., Kim, D. H., Huh, H. J., Ki, C.-S., Lee, N. Y., Kim, H. K., Choi, Y. S., Kim, J., Lee, S.-H., Kim, C. K., Shin, S. J., Daley, C. L., Kim, H., Kwon, O. J. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Progression and Treatment Outcomes of Lung Disease Caused by Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium massiliense
Conclusions.
Progression rates were similar but treatment outcomes differed significantly between patients with lung disease caused by M. abscessus and M. massiliense. This difference in treatment outcomes was partly explained by the susceptibility of these organisms to clarithromycin. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Park, J., Cho, J., Lee, C.-H., Han, S. K., Yim, J.-J. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Therapeutic Immune Recovery and Reduction of CXCR4-Tropic HIV-1
Conclusion.
Our study demonstrates that X4-tropic HIV sharply declines in most patients during successful therapy, which indicates a preferential tropism-dependent provirus elimination in the immunocompetent host. The recently implemented World Health Organization strategies of immediate therapy initiation are fully in line with this gradual loss of X4 tropism during therapy. Moreover, the early use of coreceptor antagonists against the remaining CCR5-tropic viruses may be indicated. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Bader, J., Däumer, M., Schöni-Affolter, F., Böni, J., Gorgievski-Hrisoho, M., Martinetti, G., Thielen, A., Klimkait, T., for the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
High Rates of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions in HIV-Infected Women Who Do Not Meet Screening Guidelines
Conclusions.
Anal HSIL is common in HIV-infected women. Substantial numbers of HSIL would have been missed by strictly adhering to existing AC screening guidelines. These results support routine screening of all HIV-infected women regardless of human papillomavirus history or sexual practices. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Gaisa, M., Ita-Nagy, F., Sigel, K., Arens, Y., Hennessy, M. A., Rodriguez-Caprio, G., Mullen, M., Aberg, J. A., Cespedes, M. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Shedding of Hepatitis C Virus Into the Rectum of HIV-infected Men Who Have Sex With Men
Conclusion.
This study provides the first direct evidence to our knowledge that a sufficient quantity of HCV is shed into the rectum in HIV-infected men with HCV infection to directly infect an inserted penis or be passed indirectly through fomite-like transmission to the rectum of sex partner. We must develop an appropriate public health campaign to educate MSM about these routes of HCV infection to reverse the HCV epidemic among HIV-infected MSM. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Foster, A. L., Gaisa, M. M., Hijdra, R. M., Turner, S. S., Morey, T. J., Jacobson, K. B., Fierer, D. S. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Spinal Arachnoiditis as a Complication of Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis in Non-HIV Previously Healthy Adults
Conclusions.
These data suggest that a post-infectious spinal arachnoiditis is an important complication of CM in previously healthy individuals, requiring heightened clinician awareness. Despite microbiological control, this syndrome causes significant pathology likely due to increased inflammation and may be amenable to suppressive therapeutics. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Panackal, A. A., Komori, M., Kosa, P., Khan, O., Hammoud, D. A., Rosen, L. B., Browne, S. K., Lin, Y.-C., Romm, E., Ramaprasad, C., Fries, B. C., Bennett, J. E., Bielekova, B., Williamson, P. R. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Fecal Fixation: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Clostridium difficile Infection
(Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Johnson, S., Gerding, D. N. Tags: Editorial Commentary Source Type: research
Oral Vancomycin Followed by Fecal Transplantation Versus Tapering Oral Vancomycin Treatment for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection: An Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusions.
In patients experiencing an acute episode of recurrent CDI, a single FT by enema was not significantly different from oral vancomycin taper in reducing recurrent CDI. Further research is needed to explore optimal donor selection, FT preparation, route, timing, and number of administrations.
Clinical Trials Registration.
NCT01226992. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hota, S. S., Sales, V., Tomlinson, G., Salpeter, M. J., McGeer, A., Coburn, B., Guttman, D. S., Low, D. E., Poutanen, S. M. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Comparing the Outcomes of Patients With Carbapenemase-Producing and Non-Carbapenemase-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia
Conclusion.
Our findings suggest that CP-CRE may be more virulent than non-CP-CRE and are associated with poorer outcomes. This underscores the added importance of delineating underlying resistance mechanisms of CRE to direct antibiotic treatment decisions. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tamma, P. D., Goodman, K. E., Harris, A. D., Tekle, T., Roberts, A., Taiwo, A., Simner, P. J. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Azithromycin 1.5g Over 5 Days Compared to 1g Single Dose in Urethral Mycoplasma genitalium: Impact on Treatment Outcome and Resistance
Conclusions.
Extended azithromycin 1.5g was no more effective than a single 1g dose at achieving cure of M. genitalium urethritis and importantly did not reduce the selection of macrolide resistance. Nonmacrolide and new approaches for the treatment of M. genitalium urethritis are required. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Read, T. R. H., Fairley, C. K., Tabrizi, S. N., Bissessor, M., Vodstrcil, L., Chow, E. P. F., Grant, M., Danielewski, J., Garland, S. M., Hocking, J. S., Chen, M. Y., Bradshaw, C. S. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Characteristics and Outcomes of Pediatric Patients With Ebola Virus Disease Admitted to Treatment Units in Liberia and Sierra Leone: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Conclusions.
Age <5 years, bleeding, and high viral loads were poor prognostic indicators of children with EVD. Research to understand mechanisms of these risk factors and the impact of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance will improve health outcomes. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Smit, M. A., Michelow, I. C., Glavis-Bloom, J., Wolfman, V., Levine, A. C. Tags: Major Article Source Type: research
Infectious Diseases Society of America Position Statement on Telehealth and Telemedicine as Applied to the Practice of Infectious Diseases
The use of telehealth and telemedicine offers powerful tools for delivering clinical care, conducting medical research, and enhancing access to infectious diseases physicians. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) has prepared a position statement to educate members on the use of telehealth and telemedicine technologies. The development of telehealth and telemedicine programs requires the consideration of several issues such as HIPAA, state and local licensure requirements, credentialing and privileging, scope of care, quality, and responsibility and liability. IDSA supports appropriate use of telehealth and te...
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Siddiqui, J., Herchline, T., Kahlon, S., Moyer, K. J., Scott, J. D., Wood, B. R., Young, J. Tags: IDSA Public Policy Source Type: research
In the Literature
(Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: In the Literature Source Type: research
News
(Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: News Source Type: research
Cover
(Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - January 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
