Vaccine effectiveness of COVID-19 and rebound in the real world
AbstractWe intend to evaluate the relationship between the rates of global SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases, as well as the mortality rate after the declaration of a pandemic. Of the data from 191 countries at the time of data retraction, we selected 111 countries that have SARS-CoV-2 vaccination reports. We stratified countries into high-income and non-high-income countries (HIC and non-HIC) based on World Bank income-group. We used a fixed-effects model (FEM) and performed a longitudinal analysis. The number of confirmed cases decreased as the vaccination rates increased in both non-HICs ...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 16, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
EMT-induced immune evasion: connecting the dots from mechanisms to therapy
AbstractEpithelial –mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic program crucial for organismal development and tissue regeneration. Unfortunately, this program is often hijacked by epithelial tumors to facilitate metastasis. Beyond its role in cancer spread, EMT increases cancer cell survival by activating stem cell p rograms and bypassing apoptotic programs. Importantly, the capacity of EMT to enforce tumor progression by altering the tumor cell phenotype without triggering immune responses opens the intriguing possibility of a mechanistic link between EMT-driven cancers and immune evasion. Indeed, EMT has been acknowledg...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 15, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Treatment outcomes of patients with classic and AIDS-related Kaposi Sarcoma: a single-center real-world experience
AbstractThe recommended first-line chemotherapy agents for managing Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in high-income countries are expensive and often unavailable in developing nations such as Peru. Limited data exist on whether management practices in these countries affect patient outcomes. We assessed the real-world treatment approaches and outcomes of patients with KS in Peru. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related KS (AIDS-related KS;n = 95) and classic KS (CKS;n = 81) diagnosed at a tertiary center between 2000 and 2014 in Lima, Peru. We used the Kaplanâ€...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 9, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
FAR in systemic lupus erythematosus: a potential biomarker of disease activity and lupus nephritis
This study was to investigate the connection between FAR and SLE. A retrospective analysis of 154 SLE patients and 77 healthy individuals was performed. The clinical and laboratory data were reviewed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted for FAR at baseline to predict disease activity and lupus nephritis (LN) in SLE patients. Pearson correlation was also applied. FAR in the SLE group was found to be significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (83.71  mg/g vs. 53.14 mg/g,P <  0.001). It was also significantly higher in patients with LN than that in patients without (107.64 ...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 9, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Prognostic impact of absolute peripheral blood NK cell count after four cycles of R-CHOP-like regimen treatment in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma
In conclusion, this study indicates NCKK4 as a valuable marker in clinical practice and provides an insight for combination treatment of R-CHOP to improve outcomes of DLBCL patients. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 8, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Immune profile alterations of systemic lupus erythematosus patients with infections
This study aimed to elucidate the immune status of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with infections. We enrolled 253 SLE patients including 77 patients with infections. Clinical features and immunological parameters were analyzed, with particular reference to neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) expression, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), activated T cells and multiple cytokines. Among the 77 SLE patients with infections, 32 patients (41.56%) developed fever and 20 patients (25.97%) developed serositis, which were higher compared to the non-infection group. A considerably higher level of nCD64 was found in the infe...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 8, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Pan-PI3K inhibition with copanlisib overcomes Treg- and M2-TAM-mediated immune suppression and promotes anti-tumor immune responses
AbstractThe PI3K pathway is one of the most frequently altered signaling pathways in human cancer. In addition to its function in cancer cells, PI3K plays a complex role in modulating anti-tumor immune responses upon immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Here, we evaluated the effects of the pan-Class I PI3K inhibitor copanlisib on different immune cell types in vitro and on tumor growth and immune cell infiltration in syngeneic murine cancer models. Intermittent treatment with copanlisib resulted in a strong in vivo anti-tumor efficacy, increased tumor infiltration of activated T cells and macrophages, and increased CD8+ ...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 8, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Tacrolimus shows adequate efficacy in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies associated thrombocytopenia: a retrospective cohort study
AbstractThrombocytopenia is a common manifestation associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus treatment in aPL associated thrombocytopenia. This is a single-center retrospective study. Patients who had persistent positive aPL and thrombocytopenia that was treated with tacrolimus were included. A total of 49 patients [38 females (77.6%)] were enrolled from Nov 2013 to Apr 2022 with a median treatment duration of 22 Â months. Seventeen fulfilled classification criteria of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), 18 systemic lupus er...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 6, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
A novel immune checkpoint-related signature for prognosis and immune analysis in breast cancer
AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most prevailing forms of cancer globally. Immunotherapy has demonstrated efficacy in improving the overall survival of breast cancer. The aim of us was to formulate a novel signature predicated on immune checkpoint-related genes (ICGs) that could anticipate the prognosis and further analyze the immune status of patients with breast cancer. After acquiring data, we pinpointed the definitive ICGs for constructing the prognostic model of breast cancer. We constructed a novel prognostic model and created a fresh risk score called Immune Checkpoint-related Risk Score in breast cancer (ICRSBC)...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 6, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
CircZBTB46 predicts poor prognosis and promotes disease progression of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia
This study aimed to identify a specific circRNA expression profile in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and to evaluate the biological roles of circRNA in MDS and AML for understanding their clinical significance. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to validate the expression of circZBTB46. Kruskal –Wallis test, Kaplan–Meier curves, and the Cox regression model were employed to analyze the clinical significance of circZBTB46. Two specific shRNAs as well as an expression lentiviral vector of circZBTB46 were constructed to identify the biological function of ...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 6, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Reduced regulatory effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on activated T lymphocytes and Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion in children with aplastic anemia
AbstractAcquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a recognized immune-mediated disorder and abnormally activated T lymphocyte-mediated bone marrow destruction is considered to be its main pathogenesis. Whether abnormal activation of T lymphocytes would also damage bone marrow-derived MSCs remains to be further studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent of T lymphocyte activation and the levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines of AA patients, and to explore the immunomodulatory effects of BM-MSCs on IL-2-stimulated T lymphocyte activation and cytokine production in vitro by means of transwell co-culture assay and flow cytometry me...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 6, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
A novel auxiliary diagnostic model for COVID-19 screening using enzymes based detection of serum biomarkers and clinical characteristics
AbstractThe screening for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on virus nuclear acid detection and radiology has encountered unprecedented difficulties due to the shortage of kits and facilities, and the lack of sensitivity and specificity, especially for developing countries. The study aimed to develop an auxiliary diagnostic score based on age, biomarkers, clinical characteristics (ABC) to rapidly and accurately screen COVID-19. Serum biomarkers were detected by enzymes catalyzed reaction method which is rapid and accurate. A retrospective case –control study among Chinese patients with laboratory-confirmed CO...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 5, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Cytokine levels in patients with non-M3 myeloid leukemia are key indicators of how well the disease responds to chemotherapy
In conclusion, IL-6 levels were found to be predictive of the likelihood of remission. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine)
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 4, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
A systematic review regarding the prevalence of malignancy in patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome
AbstractThe hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is a primary immunodeficiency disease originally described as Job syndrome. The fundamental causative variant of the HIES is an autosomal dominant mutation in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene. It is characterized by recurrent staphylococcal cold skin abscess, sinopulmonary infection, eczema, head and face anomalies, frequent bone fractures, eosinophilia and extremely high serum IgE levels (IgE  ≥ 2000 IU/mL). However, multiple other genetic defects are also known as HIES-like disorders. Apart from infectious manifestations,STAT3,DOC...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 4, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
Efficacy and safety of Orelabrutinib-based regimens in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a single-center retrospective analysis
AbstractCurrently, combining chemotherapy with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) has demonstrated significant effectiveness in treating patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Orelabrutinib is a second-generation BTK inhibitor, and presently, there have been few reports of Orelabrutinib being used to treat DLBCL. We conducted a retrospective investigation to explore the safety and efficacy of Orelabrutinib in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. The study comprised 19 patients with a median age of 61 years. The overall response rate (ORR) was 89.5% with a complete response (CR) rate of 73.7% and a pa...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 4, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: research
