Extracellular vesicles from early stage Plasmodium falciparum ‐infected red blood cells contain PfEMP1 and induce transcriptional changes in human monocytes
Abstract
Pathogens can release extracellular vesicles (EVs) for cell–cell communication and host modulation. EVs from Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite species, can transfer drug resistance genes between parasites. EVs from late‐stage parasite‐infected RBC (iRBC‐EVs) are immunostimulatory and affect endothelial cell permeability, but little is known about EVs from early stage iRBC. We detected the parasite virulence factor PfEMP1, which is responsible for iRBC adherence and a major contributor to disease severity, in EVs, only up to 12‐hr post‐RBC invasion. Furthermore, using PfEMP1 transpor...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nat ália G. Sampaio, Samantha J. Emery, Alexandra L. Garnham, Qiao Y. Tan, Xavier Sisquella, Matthew A. Pimentel, Aaron R. Jex, Neta Regev‐Rudzki, Louis Schofield, Emily M. Eriksson Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cryptosporidium parvum disrupts intestinal epithelial barrier function via altering expression of key tight junction and adherens junction proteins
Abstract
Infection with the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum (CP) causes cryptosporidiosis, a widespread diarrheal disease. Impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function and increased permeability are most commonly associated with diarrheal diseases caused by enteric infections. However, studies on barrier disruption and underlying mechanisms in cryptosporidiosis are extremely limited. Epithelial tight junctions (TJ) and adherens junctions (AJ) are important in maintaining barrier integrity. Therefore, we examined the effects of CP infection on paracellular permeability and on the expression of the major TJ and ...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 14, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Anoop Kumar, Ishita Chatterjee, Arivarasu N. Anbazhagan, Dulari Jayawardena, Shubha Priyamvada, Waddah A. Alrefai, Jun Sun, Alip Borthakur, Pradeep K. Dudeja Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Filifactor alocis modulates human neutrophil antimicrobial functional responses
Cellular Microbiology, EarlyView. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 12, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
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Cellular Microbiology, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 12, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Filifactor alocis modulates human neutrophil antimicrobial functional responses
In this study, we examined modulation of human neutrophil antimicrobial functions by F. alocis. Both non‐opsonised and serum‐opsonised F. alocis were engulfed by neutrophils but were not efficiently eliminated. Challenge of neutrophils with either non‐opsonised or serum‐opsonised F. alocis induced a minimal intracellular as well as extracellular respiratory burst response compared to opsonised Staphylococcus aureus and fMLF, respectively. However, pretreatment or simultaneous challenge of neutrophils with F. alocis did not affect the subsequent oxidative response to a particulate stimulus, suggesting that the i...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 12, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jacob S. Edmisson, Shifu Tian, Cortney L. Armstrong, Aruna Vashishta, Christopher K. Klaes, Irina Miralda, Emeri Jimenez ‐Flores, Junyi Le, Qian Wang, Richard J. Lamont, Silvia M. Uriarte Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 9, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
A novel kinase function of a nucleoside ‐diphosphate‐kinase homologue in Porphyromonas gingivalis is critical in subversion of host cell apoptosis by targeting heat‐shock protein 27
Cellular Microbiology, EarlyView. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 7, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
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Cellular Microbiology, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 7, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
A novel kinase function of a nucleoside ‐diphosphate‐kinase homologue in Porphyromonas gingivalis is critical in subversion of host cell apoptosis by targeting heat‐shock protein 27
In this study, we describe a novel kinase function for bacterial effector, P. gingivalis‐Ndk, in abrogating epithelial cell death by phosphorylating heat‐shock protein 27 (HSP27) in GECs. Infection by P. gingivalis was recently suggested to increase phosphorylation of HSP27 in cancer‐epithelial cells; however, the mechanism and biological significance of antiapoptotic phospho‐HSP27 during infection has never been characterised. Interestingly, using glutathione S‐transferase‐rNdk pull‐down analysed by mass spectrometry, we identified HSP27 in GECs as a strong binder of P. gingivalis‐Ndk and further verifi...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 7, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jungnam Lee, JoAnn S. Roberts, Kalina R. Atanasova, Nityananda Chowdhury, Özlem Yilmaz Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
NOD1 is required for Helicobacter pylori induction of IL ‐33 responses in gastric epithelial cells
SUMMARY
Helicobacter pylori causes chronic inflammation which is a key precursor to gastric carcinogenesis. It has been suggested that H. pylori may limit this immunopathology by inducing the production of IL‐33 in gastric epithelial cells, thus promoting T helper 2 immune responses. The molecular mechanism underlying IL‐33 production in response to H. pylori infection, however, remains unknown. In the current study, we demonstrate that H. pylori activates signalling via the pathogen recognition molecule NOD1 and its adaptor protein RIPK2, to promote production of both full‐length and processed IL‐33 in gastric epi...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Le Son Tran, Darren Tran, Amanda De Paoli, Kimberley D'Costa, Sarah J. Creed, Garrett Z. Ng, Lena Le, Philip Sutton, J. Silke, U. Nachbur, Richard L. Ferrero Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Corrigendum
(Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - January 31, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: CORRIGENDUM Source Type: research
Exposure of helices α4‐α5 is required for insecticidal activity of Cry2Ab by promoting assembly of a pre‐pore oligomeric structure
Abstract
Cry2Ab, a pore‐forming toxin (PFT) derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), is widely used as a bio‐insecticides to control lepidopteran pests around the world. A previous study revealed that proteolytic activation of Cry2Ab by Plutella xylostella midgut juice (PxMJ) was essential for its insecticidal activity against P. xylostella, although the exact molecular mechanism remained unknown. Here we demonstrated for the first time that proteolysis of Cry2Ab uncovered an active region (the helices α4‐α5 in Domain I), which was required for the mode of action of Cry2Ab. Either the masking or the removal of hel...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - January 30, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Lian Xu, Zhi ‐Zhen Pan, Jing Zhang, Li‐Yang Niu, Jie Li, Zheng Chen, Bo Liu, Yu‐Jing Zhu, Qing‐Xi Chen Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Filifactor alocis modulates human neutrophil antimicrobial functional responses.
In this study we examined modulation of human neutrophil antimicrobial functions by F. alocis. Both non‐opsonized and serum opsonized F. alocis were engulfed by neutrophils, but were not efficiently eliminated. Challenge of neutrophils with either non‐opsonized or serum opsonized F. alocis induced a minimal intracellular as well as extracellular respiratory burst response compared to opsonized Staphylococcus aureus and fMLF, respectively. However, pre‐treatment or simultaneous challenge of neutrophils with F. alocis did not affect the subsequent oxidative response to a particulate stimulus, suggesting that the inabil...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - January 29, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jacob S. Edmisson, Shifu Tian, Cortney L. Armstrong, Aruna Vashishta, Christopher K. Klaes, Irina Miralda, Emeri Jimenez ‐Flores, Junyi Le, Qian Wang, Richard J. Lamont, Silvia M. Uriarte Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Association of Vibrio cholerae 569B outer membrane vesicles with host cells occurs in a GM1 ‐independent manner
Abstract
The primary virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae, cholera toxin (CT), initiates a pathway in epithelial cells that leads to the severe diarrhea characteristic of cholera. Secreted CT binds to GM1 on the surface of host cells to facilitate internalization. Many bacterial toxins, including CT, have been shown to be additionally delivered via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). A fraction of the closely related heat labile toxin (LT) produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) has been demonstrated to reside on the surface of OMVs, where it binds GM1 to facilitate OMV internalization by host cells. In this work, w...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - January 27, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Elnaz S. Rasti, Megan L. Schappert, Angela C. Brown Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A Novel Kinase Function of a Nucleoside ‐diphosphate‐kinase Homolog in P. gingivalis is Critical in Subversion of Host Cell Apoptosis by Targeting Heat‐Shock Protein 27
In this study, we describe a novel kinase function for bacterial effector, P. gingivalis‐Ndk, in abrogating epithelial cell death by phosphorylating Heat‐shock‐protein‐27 (HSP27) in GECs. Infection by P. gingivalis was recently suggested to increase phosphorylation of HSP27 in cancer‐epithelial cells; however, the mechanism and biological significance of anti‐apoptotic phospho‐HSP27 during infection has never been characterized. Interestingly, using GST‐rNdk Pull‐down analyzed by mass‐spectrometry, we identified HSP27 in GECs as a strong binder of P. gingivalis‐Ndk and further verified using confocal ...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - January 23, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jungnam Lee, JoAnn S. Roberts, Kalina R. Atanasova, Nityananda Chowdhury, Özlem Yilmaz Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
