Sphingosine ‐1‐phosphate receptors and innate immunity
Abstract
Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid that regulates many cellular processes in mammals. One well‐studied role of S1P signaling is to modulate T‐ cell trafficking, which has a major impact on adaptive immunity. Compounds that target S1P signaling pathways are of interest for immune system modulation. Recent studies suggest that S1P signaling regulates many more cell types and processes than previously appreciated. This review will summarize current understanding of S1P signaling, focusing on recent novel findings in the roles of S1P receptors in innate immunity. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - March 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Arielle M. Bryan, Maurizio Del Poeta Tags: MICROREVIEW Source Type: research
Receptor ‐ligand and parasite protein‐protein interactions in Plasmodium vivax: analysing rhoptry neck proteins 2 and 4.
This article describes the ability of P. vivax rhoptry neck proteins 2 and 4 (RON2 and RON4) to bind to human reticulocytes. Biochemical and cellular studies have shown that two PvRON2‐ and PvRON4‐derived conserved regions specifically interact with protein receptors on reticulocytes marked by the CD71 surface transferrin receptor. Mapping each protein fragment's binding region led to defining the specific participation of two 20 amino acid‐long regions selectively competing for PvRON2 and PvRON4 binding to reticulocytes. Binary interactions between PvRON2 (ligand) and other parasite proteins, such as PvRON4, PvRON5 ...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Maritza Berm údez, Gabriela Arévalo‐Pinzón, Laura Rubio, Olivier Chaloin, Sylviane Muller, Hernando Curtidor, Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Rotaviral nonstructural protein 4 triggers dynamin ‐related protein 1‐dependent mitochondrial fragmentation during infection
Cellular Microbiology, EarlyView. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
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Cellular Microbiology, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Rotaviral nonstructural protein 4 triggers dynamin ‐related protein 1‐dependent mitochondrial fragmentation during infection
Abstract
Dynamic equilibrium between mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial fusion serves as an important quality control system within cells ensuring cellular vitality and homeostasis. Viruses often target mitochondrial dynamics as a part of their obligatory cellular reprogramming. The present study was undertaken to assess the status and regulation of mitochondrial dynamics during rotavirus infection. Distinct fragmentation of mitochondrial syncytia was observed during late hours of RV (SA11, Wa, A5‐13) infection. RV nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) was identified as the viral trigger for disrupted mitochondrial morphol...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Arpita Mukherjee, Upayan Patra, Rahul Bhowmick, Mamta Chawla ‐Sarkar Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Leishmania donovani inhibits ferroportin translation by modulating FBXL5 ‐IRP2 axis for its growth within host macrophages
Abstract
Hepcidin mediated ferroportin (Fpn) degradation in macrophages is a well adopted strategy to limit iron availability towards invading pathogens. Leishmania donovani (LD), a protozoan parasite, resides within macrophage and competes with host for availing iron. Using in vitro and in vivo model of infection we reveal that LD decreases Fpn abundance in host macrophages by hepcidin independent mechanism. Unaffected level of Fpn‐FLAG in LD infected J774 macrophage confirms that Fpn down‐regulation is not due its degradation. While increased Fpn mRNA but decreased protein expression in macrophages suggests blocking ...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 23, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nupur Kanti Das, Sandhya Sandhya, G. Vishnu Vivek, Rajiv Kumar, Amit Kumar Singh, Saswat Kumar Bal, Sanju Kumari, Chinmay K. Mukhopadhyay Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Association of Vibrio cholerae 569B outer membrane vesicles with host cells occurs in a GM1 ‐independent manner
Cellular Microbiology, EarlyView. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 19, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
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Cellular Microbiology, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 19, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
NK cells inhibit anti ‐M.bovis BCG T cell responses and aggravate pulmonary inflammation in a direct lung infection mouse model
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a threat to public health. The major problem for curing this disease is latent infection, of which the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Previous studies indicate that NK cells do not play a role in inhibiting the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lung, and recent studies have revealed that NK cells regulate the adaptive immunity during mycobacterial infection. By using a mouse model of direct lung infection with M.bovis BCG, we found that the presence of NK cells postponed the priming and activation of T cells after BCG infection. In addition, depletion of NK cel...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 16, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dongfang Wang, Xiuling Gu, Xiaoman Liu, Songtao Wei, Bin Wang, Min Fang Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Rotaviral non ‐structural protein 4 triggers Dynamin related protein 1‐dependent mitochondrial fragmentation during infection
Abstract
Dynamic equilibrium between mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial fusion serves as an important quality control system within cells ensuring cellular vitality and homeostasis. Viruses often target mitochondrial dynamics as a part of their obligatory cellular reprogramming. The present study was undertaken to assess the status and regulation of mitochondrial dynamics during rotavirus (RV) infection. Distinct fragmentation of mitochondrial syncytia was observed during late hours of RV (SA11, Wa, A5‐13) infection. RV non‐structural protein 4 (NSP4) was identified as the viral trigger for disrupted mitochondrial...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Arpita Mukherjee, Upayan Patra, Rahul Bhowmick, Mamta Chawla ‐Sarkar Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
NOD1 is required for Helicobacter pylori induction of IL ‐33 responses in gastric epithelial cells
Cellular Microbiology, EarlyView. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Extracellular vesicles from early stage Plasmodium falciparum ‐infected red blood cells contain PfEMP1 and induce transcriptional changes in human monocytes
Cellular Microbiology, EarlyView. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
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Cellular Microbiology, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cellular Microbiology)
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
A coiled ‐coil protein is required for coordination of karyokinesis and cytokinesis in Toxoplasma gondii.
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a unicellular eukaryotic pathogen that belongs to the Apicomplexa phylum, which encompasses some of the deadliest pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. The centrosome is key to the organization and coordination of the cell cycle and division of apicomplexan parasites. The T. gondii centrosome possesses a particular bipartite structure (outer and inner core). One of the main roles of the centrosome is to ensure proper coordination of karyokinesis. However, how these two events are coordinated is still unknown in T. gondii, for which the centrosome components are poorly described. To g...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - February 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Flavie Courjol, Mathieu Gissot Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
