Homotypic antibodies target novel E glycoprotein domains after natural DENV 3 infection/vaccination
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00408-0. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe envelope (E) glycoprotein is the primary target of type-specific (TS) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) after infection with any of the four distinct dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4). nAbs can be elicited to distinct structural E domains (EDs) I, II, or III. However, the relative contribution of these domain-specific antibodies is unclear. To identify the primary DENV3 nAb targets in sera after natural infection or vaccination, chimeric DENV1 recombinant encoding DENV3 EDI, EDII, or EDIII were generated. DE...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jennifer E Munt Sandra Henein Cameron Adams Ellen Young Yixuan J Hou Helen Conrad Deanna Zhu Stephanie Dong Nurgun Kose Boyd Yount Rita M Meganck Long Ping V Tse Guillermina Kuan Angel Balmaseda Michael J Ricciardi David I Watkins James E Crowe Eva Harris Source Type: research

Molecular basis for inhibition of type III-B CRISPR-Cas by an archaeal viral anti-CRISPR protein
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00407-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite a wide presence of type III clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR-associated (CRISPR-Cas) in archaea and bacteria, very few anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins inhibiting type III immunity have been identified, and even less is known about their inhibition mechanism. Here, we present the discovery of a type III CRISPR-Cas inhibitor, AcrIIIB2, encoded by Sulfolobus virus S. islandicus rod-shaped virus 3 (SIRV3). AcrIIIB2 inhibits type III-B CRISPR-Cas immune response to protospacers...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jinzhong Lin Lauge Alfastsen Yuvaraj Bhoobalan-Chitty Xu Peng Source Type: research

Homotypic antibodies target novel E glycoprotein domains after natural DENV 3 infection/vaccination
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00408-0. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe envelope (E) glycoprotein is the primary target of type-specific (TS) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) after infection with any of the four distinct dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4). nAbs can be elicited to distinct structural E domains (EDs) I, II, or III. However, the relative contribution of these domain-specific antibodies is unclear. To identify the primary DENV3 nAb targets in sera after natural infection or vaccination, chimeric DENV1 recombinant encoding DENV3 EDI, EDII, or EDIII were generated. DE...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jennifer E Munt Sandra Henein Cameron Adams Ellen Young Yixuan J Hou Helen Conrad Deanna Zhu Stephanie Dong Nurgun Kose Boyd Yount Rita M Meganck Long Ping V Tse Guillermina Kuan Angel Balmaseda Michael J Ricciardi David I Watkins James E Crowe Eva Harris Source Type: research

Molecular basis for inhibition of type III-B CRISPR-Cas by an archaeal viral anti-CRISPR protein
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00407-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite a wide presence of type III clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR-associated (CRISPR-Cas) in archaea and bacteria, very few anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins inhibiting type III immunity have been identified, and even less is known about their inhibition mechanism. Here, we present the discovery of a type III CRISPR-Cas inhibitor, AcrIIIB2, encoded by Sulfolobus virus S. islandicus rod-shaped virus 3 (SIRV3). AcrIIIB2 inhibits type III-B CRISPR-Cas immune response to protospacers...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jinzhong Lin Lauge Alfastsen Yuvaraj Bhoobalan-Chitty Xu Peng Source Type: research

Homotypic antibodies target novel E glycoprotein domains after natural DENV 3 infection/vaccination
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00408-0. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe envelope (E) glycoprotein is the primary target of type-specific (TS) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) after infection with any of the four distinct dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4). nAbs can be elicited to distinct structural E domains (EDs) I, II, or III. However, the relative contribution of these domain-specific antibodies is unclear. To identify the primary DENV3 nAb targets in sera after natural infection or vaccination, chimeric DENV1 recombinant encoding DENV3 EDI, EDII, or EDIII were generated. DE...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jennifer E Munt Sandra Henein Cameron Adams Ellen Young Yixuan J Hou Helen Conrad Deanna Zhu Stephanie Dong Nurgun Kose Boyd Yount Rita M Meganck Long Ping V Tse Guillermina Kuan Angel Balmaseda Michael J Ricciardi David I Watkins James E Crowe Eva Harris Source Type: research

Molecular basis for inhibition of type III-B CRISPR-Cas by an archaeal viral anti-CRISPR protein
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00407-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite a wide presence of type III clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR-associated (CRISPR-Cas) in archaea and bacteria, very few anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins inhibiting type III immunity have been identified, and even less is known about their inhibition mechanism. Here, we present the discovery of a type III CRISPR-Cas inhibitor, AcrIIIB2, encoded by Sulfolobus virus S. islandicus rod-shaped virus 3 (SIRV3). AcrIIIB2 inhibits type III-B CRISPR-Cas immune response to protospacers...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jinzhong Lin Lauge Alfastsen Yuvaraj Bhoobalan-Chitty Xu Peng Source Type: research

Homotypic antibodies target novel E glycoprotein domains after natural DENV 3 infection/vaccination
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00408-0. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe envelope (E) glycoprotein is the primary target of type-specific (TS) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) after infection with any of the four distinct dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4). nAbs can be elicited to distinct structural E domains (EDs) I, II, or III. However, the relative contribution of these domain-specific antibodies is unclear. To identify the primary DENV3 nAb targets in sera after natural infection or vaccination, chimeric DENV1 recombinant encoding DENV3 EDI, EDII, or EDIII were generated. DE...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jennifer E Munt Sandra Henein Cameron Adams Ellen Young Yixuan J Hou Helen Conrad Deanna Zhu Stephanie Dong Nurgun Kose Boyd Yount Rita M Meganck Long Ping V Tse Guillermina Kuan Angel Balmaseda Michael J Ricciardi David I Watkins James E Crowe Eva Harris Source Type: research

Molecular basis for inhibition of type III-B CRISPR-Cas by an archaeal viral anti-CRISPR protein
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00407-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite a wide presence of type III clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR-associated (CRISPR-Cas) in archaea and bacteria, very few anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins inhibiting type III immunity have been identified, and even less is known about their inhibition mechanism. Here, we present the discovery of a type III CRISPR-Cas inhibitor, AcrIIIB2, encoded by Sulfolobus virus S. islandicus rod-shaped virus 3 (SIRV3). AcrIIIB2 inhibits type III-B CRISPR-Cas immune response to protospacers...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jinzhong Lin Lauge Alfastsen Yuvaraj Bhoobalan-Chitty Xu Peng Source Type: research

Homotypic antibodies target novel E glycoprotein domains after natural DENV 3 infection/vaccination
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00408-0. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe envelope (E) glycoprotein is the primary target of type-specific (TS) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) after infection with any of the four distinct dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4). nAbs can be elicited to distinct structural E domains (EDs) I, II, or III. However, the relative contribution of these domain-specific antibodies is unclear. To identify the primary DENV3 nAb targets in sera after natural infection or vaccination, chimeric DENV1 recombinant encoding DENV3 EDI, EDII, or EDIII were generated. DE...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jennifer E Munt Sandra Henein Cameron Adams Ellen Young Yixuan J Hou Helen Conrad Deanna Zhu Stephanie Dong Nurgun Kose Boyd Yount Rita M Meganck Long Ping V Tse Guillermina Kuan Angel Balmaseda Michael J Ricciardi David I Watkins James E Crowe Eva Harris Source Type: research

Molecular basis for inhibition of type III-B CRISPR-Cas by an archaeal viral anti-CRISPR protein
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 25:S1931-3128(23)00407-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite a wide presence of type III clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR-associated (CRISPR-Cas) in archaea and bacteria, very few anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins inhibiting type III immunity have been identified, and even less is known about their inhibition mechanism. Here, we present the discovery of a type III CRISPR-Cas inhibitor, AcrIIIB2, encoded by Sulfolobus virus S. islandicus rod-shaped virus 3 (SIRV3). AcrIIIB2 inhibits type III-B CRISPR-Cas immune response to protospacers...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - November 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jinzhong Lin Lauge Alfastsen Yuvaraj Bhoobalan-Chitty Xu Peng Source Type: research

Unbiased discovery of natural sequence variants that influence fungal virulence
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 26:S1931-3128(23)00400-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.002. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIsolates of Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungal pathogen that kills over 112,000 people each year, differ from a 19-Mb reference genome at a few thousand up to almost a million DNA sequence positions. We used bulked segregant analysis and association analysis, genetic methods that require no prior knowledge of sequence function, to address the key question of which naturally occurring sequence variants influence fungal virulence. We identified a region containing such variants, prioritized them, and engineered...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - October 28, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Daniel Paiva Agustinho Holly Leanne Brown Guohua Chen Elizabeth Anne Gaylord Jennifer Geddes-McAlister Michael Richard Brent Tamara Lea Doering Source Type: research

Unbiased discovery of natural sequence variants that influence fungal virulence
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 26:S1931-3128(23)00400-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.002. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIsolates of Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungal pathogen that kills over 112,000 people each year, differ from a 19-Mb reference genome at a few thousand up to almost a million DNA sequence positions. We used bulked segregant analysis and association analysis, genetic methods that require no prior knowledge of sequence function, to address the key question of which naturally occurring sequence variants influence fungal virulence. We identified a region containing such variants, prioritized them, and engineered...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - October 28, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Daniel Paiva Agustinho Holly Leanne Brown Guohua Chen Elizabeth Anne Gaylord Jennifer Geddes-McAlister Michael Richard Brent Tamara Lea Doering Source Type: research

Unbiased discovery of natural sequence variants that influence fungal virulence
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 26:S1931-3128(23)00400-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.002. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIsolates of Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungal pathogen that kills over 112,000 people each year, differ from a 19-Mb reference genome at a few thousand up to almost a million DNA sequence positions. We used bulked segregant analysis and association analysis, genetic methods that require no prior knowledge of sequence function, to address the key question of which naturally occurring sequence variants influence fungal virulence. We identified a region containing such variants, prioritized them, and engineered...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - October 28, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Daniel Paiva Agustinho Holly Leanne Brown Guohua Chen Elizabeth Anne Gaylord Jennifer Geddes-McAlister Michael Richard Brent Tamara Lea Doering Source Type: research

Extension of the Segatella copri complex to 13 species with distinct large extrachromosomal elements and associations with host conditions
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 23:S1931-3128(23)00379-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.09.013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Segatella copri (formerly Prevotella copri) complex (ScC) comprises taxa that are key members of the human gut microbiome. It was previously described to contain four distinct phylogenetic clades. Combining targeted isolation with large-scale metagenomic analysis, we defined 13 distinct Segatella copri-related species, expanding the ScC complex beyond four clades. Complete genome reconstruction of thirteen strains from seven species unveiled the presence of genetically diverse large circular extrachromos...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - October 26, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Aitor Blanco-M íguez Eric J C G álvez Edoardo Pasolli Francesca De Filippis Lena Amend Kun D Huang Paolo Manghi Till-Robin Lesker Thomas Riedel Linda Cova Michal Pun čochář Andrew Maltez Thomas Mireia Valles-Colomer Isabel Schober Thomas C A Hitch Th Source Type: research

An atlas of continuous adaptive evolution in endemic human viruses
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Oct 23:S1931-3128(23)00380-3. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.09.012. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThrough antigenic evolution, viruses such as seasonal influenza evade recognition by neutralizing antibodies. This means that a person with antibodies well tuned to an initial infection will not be protected against the same virus years later and that vaccine-mediated protection will decay. To expand our understanding of which endemic human viruses evolve in this fashion, we assess adaptive evolution across the genome of 28 endemic viruses spanning a wide range of viral families and transmission modes. Surfa...
Source: Cell Host and Microbe - October 26, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kathryn E Kistler Trevor Bedford Source Type: research