Pembrolizumab-Induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
In this report, we present a case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) occurring as a relatively rare complication of pembrolizumab, which is a humanized monoclonal anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD1) IgG4 antibody that targets tumours expressing PDL-1. In our case, this monoclonal antibody (MAB) was being used for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, before being withheld because of this potentially life-threatening reaction. There are no guidelines on the optimal management of TEN, with varying reports on the efficacy on steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and cyclosporin. In this report, w...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - October 3, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Cervical Liposarcoma Revisited: A Case Report and Scoping Literature Review
The commonest sites for liposarcoma are the retroperitoneum and lower extremities. Liposarcoma of the head and neck region is a rare and potentially life-threatening malignancy. Tumors originating in the right cervical space cause special diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. In the present report, we describe a case of differentiated liposarcoma of the right cervical region. The tumor continued to grow slowly over 3 years before a definitive diagnosis was established. Extended extirpation of the tumor was performed and proved efficacious in that no recurrence has been observed for 4 years. Recommendations for earlier a...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - October 3, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Immunophenotypic Differences in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Peripheral Blood Demonstrating Cancer Heterogenicity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient
A diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia involving the central nervous system (CNS) can be confirmed through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum flow cytometry. These two detection methods should demonstrate the same immunophenotype due to hematogenous dissemination. Here, we reported a 65-year-old male diagnosed with CNS leukemia with differing immunophenotypes between CSF and peripheral blood. This immunophenotypic shift may suggest leukemic migration within the blood-brain barrier. In addition, the case highlights the concept of leukemic heterogeneity and the importance of considering cancer heterogeneity when analyzing a ...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - October 3, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Multiple Cranial Neuropathies Similar to Orbital Apex Syndrome Associated with Pembrolizumab: A Case Report
We reported this case despite reports of pembrolizumab-induced mononeuropathy of the oculomotor and optic nerves because multiple cranial neuropathies like orbital apex syndrome are thought to be uncommon.Case Rep Oncol 2022;15:868 –873 (Source: Case Reports in Oncology)
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - October 3, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy for Giant-Cell Tumor of Temporal Bone: An Illustrative Case Report
In this report, we present the clinical features of a case of giant-cell tumor of temporal bone that demonstrated good outcome after radiation therapy (RT) using volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The patient was a 55-year-old man with giant-cell tumor of temporal bone who received surgery as the first treatment. Three months after the initial surgery, the tumor regrew, and the patient received surgical resection again. Although second partial resection was undergone, it regrew. Therefore, 36 months after initial surgery, RT was conducted. The prescribed dose was 54 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions using VMAT. The tumor began ...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - October 3, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Utilizing Liquid Biopsy for Treatment Management in Bone-Dominant Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Case Report
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. In clinical practice, the standard method to confirm metastatic disease and tailor treatment is to biopsy a metastatic site. Bone is the most common metastatic site, occurring in up to 70% of patients with advanced breast cancer. Standard-of-care management includes a needle biopsy with histopathological analysis to confirm tumor status and to evaluate for mutations. However, bone biopsies can be technically challenging and are oftentimes painful for patients. Given the challenges in acquisitio...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - October 3, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Extensive Lower Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Fanconi Anaemia Patient and Treatment Delays during COVID-19 Pandemic
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease that renders patients susceptible to congenital anomalies, bone marrow failures, leukaemia, and solid malignancies. FA is caused by the loss of function of at least one gene in the FA/BRCA biological pathway, which is involved in DNA repair. Patients with FA have an increased risk of developing head and neck cancer, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Due to susceptibility of head and neck cancer at a very young age, relatively poor survival rate, low tolerance to oncologic interventions, and complexity of treatments, strict follow-up is mandator...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 27, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
An Extremely Rare Case of Thyroid Metastasis from Advanced Gastric Cancer
This report aimed to raise the concern that gastric cancer may cause metastasis to the peri-thyroid area, involving the thyroid, parathyroid, and regional lymph nodes.Case Rep Oncol 2022;15:841 –847 (Source: Case Reports in Oncology)
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 27, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Durable Disease Control by RET Inhibitor Selpercatinib in a Heavily Pre-Treated RET Fusion-Positive Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Standard treatment for unresectable papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a multi-kinase inhibitor, including lenvatinib and sorafenib. Rearranged during transfection (RET) fusions are found in approximately 10% of PTC. Here, we present a case of metastatic RET fusion-positive PTC with long-term disease control by selective RET inhibition. A 72-year-old woman with PTC and multiple lymph nodes and lung metastases progressed after initial lenvatinib and subsequent sorafenib treatment. Reintroduction of lenvatinib led to marked tumour shrinkage. During the rechallenge with lenvatinib, molecular screening of the tumour specimen...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 27, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Liver Metastasis Occurring within Four Months of Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Liver metastasis commonly occurs; however, the luminal-type liver metastasis rarely develops at the early stage of breast cancer, posing key challenges in screening patients, giving early targeted treatment, and providing an opportunity to prolong survival. A 44-year-old female was diagnosed with breast cancer (pT2N0M0, IIa) and luminal B type postoperatively. The latest guidelines indicated four cycles of albumin-paclitaxel and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy. After 4 months of treatment, the patient was found to have hypoechoic nodules in the liver due to other diseases and was thereby diagnosed with breast cancer with liv...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Fibromatosis-Like Metaplastic Carcinoma: A Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with Clinically Indolent Behavior
We presented the case of a 51-year-old female with a large mass on the left breast, which was successfully removed by surgical resection. The pathological diagnosis was fibromatosis-like metaplastic carcinoma with the help of morphology and immunohistochemistry adjustment.Case Rep Oncol 2022;15:816 –826 (Source: Case Reports in Oncology)
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Dosimetric Evaluation of the Uterus in Patients Receiving Total Body Irradiation with Ovarian Shielding
Infertility is a well-known late complication in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We previously reported that total body irradiation (TBI) with ovarian shielding reduces the radiation dose to the ovaries to 2.4 Gy – one-fifth of the dose compared to conventional TBI – and preserves fertility without increasing the risk of relapse. Exposure to the uterus and ovaries can reportedly affect pregnancy and childbirth. However, the dose constraint of the uterus that causes infertility remains unknown. Herein, we report the pregnancy and birth outcomes of 2 patients who gave birth following TB...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 20, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A Case of Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer with Anaphylaxis after 41 Courses of Pembrolizumab along with Adrenal Insufficiency as an Immune-Related Adverse Event
In this report, we present a case of nonsmall-cell lung cancer with anaphylaxis after 41 courses of pembrolizumab along with adrenal insufficiency as an immune-related adverse event (irAE). A 73-year-old man with no allergic disease started pembrolizumab for postoperative recurrence of lung cancer. After four courses, tumor shrinkage was observed and maintained thereafter. After the 39th course, his serum sodium level and random serum cortisol level decreased. Adrenal insufficiency was considered; however, the patient was asymptomatic. Furthermore, his serum sodium level improved spontaneously; therefore, he was followed u...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 19, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Solitary Cardiac Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer: A Case Report
A 73-year-old woman with silent cardiac metastasis underwent high anterior resection for rectal cancer 3 years ago. Follow-up computed tomography showed a tumor in the right atrium. Partial vascular resection of the superior vena cava and right atrium was performed. Early postoperative recurrence occurred, and chemotherapy was unsuccessful. The patient died 7 months after surgery.Case Rep Oncol 2022;15:798 –803 (Source: Case Reports in Oncology)
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - September 19, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Detection of BRCA1 Pathogenic Variant in a 24-Year-Old Endometrial Cancer Patient: Risks of Several Hereditary Tumor Syndromes Assessed Using Germline Multigene Panel Testing
A 24-year-old woman suspected of Lynch syndrome was found to carry aBRCA1 pathogenic variant, based on germline multigene panel testing (MGPT). The patient was diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma and underwent modified radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and omentectomy at the age of 23. Based on her father ’s history of colorectal cancer and her history of early onset endometrial cancer, mismatch repair protein immunohistochemistry analysis was performed. However, no loss of expression for mismatch repair proteins was found. Given her family history of ovarian and breast cance...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - August 31, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
