Higher mortality of COVID-19 in males: sex differences in immune response and cardiovascular comorbidities
We present preclinical evidence identifying the influence of biological sex on the expression and regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is the main receptor used by SARS-CoV-2 to enter cells. However, we note that there is a lack of reports showing that sexual dimorphism of ACE2 expression exists and is of functional relevance in humans. In contrast, there is strong evidence, especially in the context of viral infections, that sexual dimorphism plays a central role in the genetic and hormonal regulation of immune responses, both of the innate and the adaptive immune system. We review evidence supporti...
Source: Cardiovascular Research - October 16, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Defining circulating mononuclear cells in heart failure through single-cell RNA sequencing: new insights for an old disease
html5-player.libsyn.com/embed/episode/id/16291715/height/360/theme/standard/thumbnail/yes/direction/backward/stats-code/ESCJournal/ (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - October 13, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
The impact of aircraft noise on vascular and cardiac function in relation to noise event number: a randomized trial
ConclusionsNighttime exposure to aircraft noise with similarLeq, but different number of noise events, results in a comparable worsening of vascular function. Adverse effects of nighttime aircraft noise exposure on cardiac function (diastolic dysfunction) seemed stronger the higher number of noise events. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - October 10, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Differences in biomarkers and molecular pathways according to age for patients with HFrEF
Conclusions In elderly HFrEF patients, pathways associated with extra-cellular matrix organization, inflammatory processes, and tumour cell regulation were activated, while pathways associated with tumour proliferation functions were down-regulated. These findings may help in a better understanding of the ageing processes in HFrEF and identify potential therapeutic targets. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - October 1, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Co-expression of calcium and hERG potassium channels reduces the incidence of proarrhythmic events
ConclusionMeta-analytic approaches of multiple independent human gene expression datasets can be used to identify gene modules that are important for regulating heart function. Specifically, we have verified that there is co-expression ofCACNA1C andKCNH2 ion channel genes in human heart tissue, andin silico analyses suggest thatCACNA1C –KCNH2 co-expression increases the robustness of cardiac electrical activity. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - October 1, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Transcriptome analysis of non human primate-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in 2D monolayer culture vs. 3D engineered heart tissue
ConclusionBy exposing NHP iPSC-CMs to different culture conditions, transcriptome profiling improves our understanding of the mechanism of ischaemic injury. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - October 1, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
PCSK9 and LRP5 in macrophage lipid internalization and inflammation
ConclusionOur results show that both LRP5 and PCSK9 participate in lipid uptake in macrophages. In the absence of LRP5, there is a reduced release of PCSK9 indicating that LRP5 also participates in the mechanism of release of soluble PCSK9. Furthermore, PCSK9 up-regulates TLR4/NF κB favouring inflammation. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 29, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Recent advances in the role of the adenosinergic system in coronary artery disease
AbstractAdenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that plays a major role in the physiology and physiopathology of the coronary artery system, mainly by activating its A2A receptors (A2AR). Adenosine is released by myocardial, endothelial, and immune cells during hypoxia, ischaemia, or inflammation, each condition being present in coronary artery disease (CAD). While activation of A2AR improves coronary blood circulation and leads to anti-inflammatory effects, down-regulation of A2AR has many deleterious effects during CAD. A decrease in the level and/or activity of A2AR leads to: (i) lack of vasodilation, which decreases bloo...
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 29, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
The impact of low-dose anticoagulation therapy on peripheral artery disease: insights from the VOYAGER trial
Peripheral artery disease (PAD)VOYAGER trialLow-dose anticoagulationAtherothrombosis (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 26, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Picking up the pace: another record high impact factor for Cardiovascular Research
CardiovascularResearchImpact factorAltmetricCitation (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 26, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Vericiguat in worsening heart failure: agonising over, or celebrating, agonism in the VICTORIA trial
VericiguatHeart failureNitric oxidesGC (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 26, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Mobile cardiology during the COVID-19 outbreak
Commentary on ‘Rapid implementation of mobile technology for real-time epidemiology of COVID-19’, by D. Drewet al., Science 2020; doi: 10.1126/science.abc0473. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 25, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
SARS-CoV-2 infects and induces cytotoxic effects in human cardiomyocytes
ConclusionThis study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 infects cardiomyocytesin vitro in an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2- and cathepsin-dependent manner. SARS-CoV-2 infection of cardiomyocytes is inhibited by the antiviral drug remdesivir. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 23, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Oestrogen inhibits salt-dependent hypertension by suppressing GABAergic excitation in magnocellular AVP neurons
ConclusionBased on these results, we conclude that E2 inhibits salt-dependent hypertension by suppressing GABAergic excitation to decrease the hormonal output of AVP neurons. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 22, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Development, validation, and implementation of biomarker testing in cardiovascular medicine state-of-the-art: proceedings of the European Society of Cardiology —Cardiovascular Round Table
This article provides suggestions for a development pathway for new biomarkers, discusses regulatory issues and challenges, and suggestions for accelerating the pathway to improve patient outcomes. Real-life examples of successful biomarkers —high-sensitivity cardiac troponin, T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, and echocardiography—are used to illustrate the value of a standardized development pathway in the translation of concepts into routine clinical practice. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 22, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
