Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism in the Failing Heart
AbstractBranched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential amino acids which have critical roles in protein synthesis and energy metabolism in the body. In the heart, there is a strong correlation between impaired BCAA oxidation and contractile dysfunction in heart failure. Plasma and myocardial levels of BCAA and their metabolites, namely branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs), are also linked to cardiac insulin resistance and worsening adverse remodelling in the failing heart. This review discusses the regulation of BCAA metabolism in the heart and the impact of depressed cardiac BCAA oxidation on cardiac energy metabolism, fun...
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Low Molecular Weight Heparin, Anti-inflammatory/Immunoregulatory and Antiviral Effects, a Short Update
AbstractLow molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is a glycosaminoglycan long known for its anticoagulant properties. In recent times, recent evidence has associated this drug with extra pleiotropic anticoagulant effects that have also proven useful in the management of the treatment of COVID-19 infection indicating that heparin may play other roles in the management of the disease in addition to the prevention of thrombosis. Clinical observations and in vitro studies support that heparin has a potential multi-target effect. To date, the molecular mechanisms of these pleiotropic effects are not fully understood. This brief revie...
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Severe Bleeding Risk of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists for Stroke Prevention and Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
ConclusionBased on current evidence, for stroke prevention and treatment in patients with AF, the most safe DOAC is edoxaban in terms of fatal bleeding; dabigatran in terms of major bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage and apixaban in terms of gastrointestinal bleeding. However, given the nature of indirect comparisons, more high-quality evidence from head-to-head comparisons is still needed to confirm them. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Early Intravenous Administration of Beta-Blockers in Patients Suffering from Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Without Heart Failure Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Study-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
ConclusionIntravenous beta-blockers improved the MSI, decreased the risk of VT/VF in the first 24 h, and were associated with increased LVEF at 1 week and 6 months following PCI. In particular, intravenous beta-blockers started before PCI is beneficial for patients with LAD lesions. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Aspirin Blocks the Infarct-Size Limiting Effect of Ischemic Postconditioning in the Rat
ConclusionsAspirin, administered before reperfusion, blocks the infarct size limiting effects of PostC in the rat. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
MicroRNA-205-5p: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Combating Unstable Atherogenesis?
(Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Early Intravenous Administration of Beta-Blockers in Patients Suffering from Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Without Heart Failure Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Study-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
ConclusionIntravenous beta-blockers improved the MSI, decreased the risk of VT/VF in the first 24 h, and were associated with increased LVEF at 1 week and 6 months following PCI. In particular, intravenous beta-blockers started before PCI is beneficial for patients with LAD lesions. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - April 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
The Evolving Phenotypes of Cardiovascular Disease during COVID-19 Pandemic
AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the management of patients with acute and chronic cardiovascular disease: acute coronary syndrome patients were often not timely reperfused, heart failure patients not adequately followed up and titrated, atrial arrhythmias not efficaciously treated and became chronic. New phenotypes of cardiovascular patients were more and more frequent during COVID-19 pandemic and are expected to be even more frequent in the next future in the new world shaped by the pandemic. We therefore aimed to briefly summarize the main changes in the phenotype of cardiovascular patients in the COVID...
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - March 14, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
cFLIPL Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
ConclusionThe expression of cFLIPL is significantly downregulated in MIRI, and it is accompanied by excessive ERS and apoptosis. Upregulated cFLIPL suppresses ERS to reduce myocardial apoptosis, which is associated with inhibiting the activity of p38 MAPK. Therefore, cFLIPL may be a potential intervention target for MIRI. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - March 14, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
MicroRNA-205-5p: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Combating Unstable Atherogenesis?
(Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - March 14, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Pharmacological Inhibition of P-Rex1/Rac1 Axis Blocked Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis
ConclusionOur findings demonstrated for the first time that P-Rex1 was an essential signaling mediator in CFs activation and subsequent cardiac fibrosis, and 1A-116 could be a potential pharmacological development drug. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - March 9, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Medical Therapy After CABG: the Known Knowns, the Known Unknowns, and the Unknown Unknowns
ConclusionRecommendations for medical therapy after surgical revascularization are chiefly based on large-scale randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses. Much of what is known about medical management after surgical revascularization results from trials comparing surgical to non-surgical approaches and important characteristics of the operative patients are omitted. These omissions create a group of patients who are relatively heterogenous making solid recommendations elusive. While advances in pharmacologic therapies are clearly adding to the armamentarium of options for secondary prevention, knowing what patients b...
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - March 7, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Levosimendan Reverses Cardiac Malfunction and Cardiomyocyte Ferroptosis During Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction via Connexin 43 Signaling Activation
ConclusionRegular long-term levosimendan administration can benefit cardiac function in a mouse model of HFpEF with metabolic syndromes (namely, obesity and hypertension) by activating connexin 43-mediated mitochondrial protection and sequential ferroptosis inhibition in cardiomyocytes. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - March 7, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Effect of Clarithromycin, a Strong CYP3A and P-glycoprotein Inhibitor, on the Pharmacokinetics of Edoxaban in Healthy Volunteers and the Evaluation of the Drug Interaction with Other Oral Factor Xa Inhibitors by a Microdose Cocktail Approach
ConclusionClarithromycin increases FXaI exposure. However, the magnitude of this drug interaction is not expected to be clinically relevant. The edoxaban microdose overestimates the extent of the drug interaction with the therapeutic dose, whereas AUC ratios for apixaban and rivaroxaban were comparable to the interaction with therapeutic doses as reported in the literature.Trial RegistrationEudraCT Number: 2018-002490-22 (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - March 4, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Left Bundle Branch Pacing for Bradycardia in Non-obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients: Feasibility, Safety, and Effect
ConclusionLBBP might be feasible and safe for NOHCM patients with conventional bradycardia pacing indication, and there is no deterioration in cardiac function and LVOTG of patients with NOHCM. (Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy)
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - February 27, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
