Editorial Board
(Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Oral administration of edelfosine encapsulated lipid nanoparticles causes regression of lung metastases in pre-clinical models of osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent paediatric bone cancer, responsible for 9% of all cancer-related deaths in children. In this paper, a new strategy based on delivering edelfosine (ET) in lipid nanoparticles (LN) was explored in order to target the primary tumor and eliminate metastases. The in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the free drug, drug loaded into lipid nanoparticles (ET-LN) and doxorubicin (DOX) against osteosarcoma (OS) cells was analysed. ET and ET-LN decreased the growth of OS cells in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yolanda Gonz ález-Fernández, Hannah K. Brown, Ana Patiño-García, Dominique Heymann, María J. Blanco-Prieto Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Resveratrol interrupts the pro-invasive communication between Cancer Associated Fibroblasts and Cholangiocarcinoma cells
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), the cancer arising from the epithelial cells of bile ducts, is a prototype of inflammatory-driven cancer. Cytokines released by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a pivotal role in CCA progression, driving the epigenetic Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal transition and the growth and metastasization of CCA cells. Consistently, the conditioned medium from CCA-derived CAFs further stimulated the secretion of IL-6, and to a lesser extent of IL-8, by CCA cells. CCA has a poor prognosis, because of late diagnosis and of high resistance to radio- and chemo-therapy of CCA cells. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Suyanee Thongchot, Alessandra Ferraresi, Chiara Vidoni, Watcharin Loilome, Puangrat Yongvanit, Nisana Namwat, Ciro Isidoro Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes suppress the production of GIP and GLP-1 from STC-1 cells in vitro by down-regulating the PCSK1/3
One hallmark of pancreatic cancer (PC) is the high prevalence of pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes mellitus (PC-DM), but the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Patients with PC who are diagnosed with new-onset diabetes/prediabetes have recently been shown to display significantly lower levels of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) secreted mainly by enteroendocrine cells. We hypothesized that PC-derived exosomes are responsible for the decreased levels of incretins in patients with PC-DM. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 22, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yuefeng Zhang, Shifei Huang, Pengping Li, Qing Chen, Yongzhou Li, Yizhao Zhou, Lantian Wang, Muxing Kang, Bo Zhang, Bin Yang, Xin Dong, Yulian Wu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Regulation of Cancer Immune Escape: The Roles of miRNAs in Immune Checkpoint Proteins
Immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs) are regulators of immune system. The ICP dysregulation silences the host immune response to cancer-specific antigens, contributing to the occurrence and progress of various cancers. MiRNAs are regulatory molecules and function in mRNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs modulate the immunity via ICPs have received increasing attention. Many studies have shown that the expressions of ICPs are directly or indirectly repressed by miRNAs in multiple types of cancers. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 22, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Qin Yang, Wenjie Cao, Zi Wang, Jing Liu, Bin Zhang Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
MicroRNAs as modulators of T cell functions in cancer
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They have emerged as important modulators of T lymphocyte biology, influencing cell activation, differentiation and proliferation in response to environmental signals. Here, we will discuss how miRNAs expressed by T cells can influence two key aspects of tumorigenesis, namely the direct, cell-intrinsic oncogenic transformation of T lymphocytes, as well as the indirect effects on tumor growth mediated by altered immune surveillance. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 22, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Stefan Emming, Michele Chirichella, Silvia Monticelli Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
MiRNAs: Dynamic regulators of immune cell functions in inflammation and cancer
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNA molecules, have emerged as important regulators of almost all cellular processes. By binding to specific sequence motifs within the 3 ´- untranslated region of their target mRNAs, they induce either mRNA degradation or translational repression. In the human immune system, potent miRNAs and miRNA-clusters have been discovered, that exert pivotal roles in the regulation of gene expression. By targeting cellular signaling hubs, thes e so-called immuno-miRs have fundamental regulative impact on both innate and adaptive immune cells in health and disease. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 22, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Simon Hirschberger, Ludwig Christian Hinske, Simone Kreth Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes suppress the production of GIP and GLP-1 from STC-1 cells in vitro by down-regulating the PCSK1/3
One hallmark of pancreatic cancer (PC) is the high prevalence of pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes mellitus (PC-DM), but the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Patients with PC who are diagnosed with new-onset diabetes/prediabetes have recently been shown to display significantly lower levels of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) secreted mainly by enteroendocrine cells. We hypothesized that PC-derived exosomes are responsible for the decreased levels of incretins in patients with PC-DM. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 22, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yuefeng Zhang, Shifei Huang, Pengping Li, Qing Chen, Yongzhou Li, Yizhao Zhou, Lantian Wang, Muxing Kang, Bo Zhang, Bin Yang, Yulian Wu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Corrigendum to “CNOT2 promotes proliferation and angiogenesis via VEGF signaling in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells” [Cancer Lett 412 (2018 Jan 1) 88–98]
The authors regret that upper (#1) and bottom (#4) pictures were mistakenly identical in normal and ovarian cancer patient's tissues in Fig. 1C. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 19, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: E.J. Sohn, D.B. Jung, H. Lee, I. Han, J. Lee, H. Lee, S.H. Kim Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
Nitrated T helper cell epitopes enhance the immunogenicity of HER2 vaccine and induce anti-tumor immunity
In this study, we proved that the introduction of p-nitrophenylalanine in the universal T cell epitope (named NitraTh) enhances humoral immunity induced by B cell epitope and cellular immunity induced by CTL epitope. Moreover, this NitraTh epitope can work in both mouse and human immune system. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hong Tian, Yu He, Xiaoda Song, Liangliang Jiang, Jianhua Luo, Yi Xu, Wanli Zhang, Xiangdong Gao, Wenbing Yao Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
EMP3, which is regulated by miR-663a, suppresses gallbladder cancer progression via interference with the MAPK/ERK pathway
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignancy of the biliary tract and its molecular pathogenesis is poorly understood. Aberrant expression of epithelial membrane protein-3 (EMP3) was reported in different kinds of cancers. Our study aimed to explore the elusive functional roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms of EMP3 with respect to GBC progression.The results showed that human GBC tissues exhibited decreased levels of EMP3 compared with non-malignant tissues. Kaplan –Meier analysis indicated that low expression of EMP3 was associated with poor prognosis of GBC patients. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Qiang Ma, Yijian Zhang, Haibin Liang, Fei Zhang, Fatao Liu, Shili Chen, Yunping Hu, Lin Jiang, Yajuan Hao, Maolan Li, Yingbin Liu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
LncTIC1 interacts with β-catenin to drive liver TIC self-renewal and liver tumorigenesis
Liver tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are drivers of liver tumorigenesis, and Wnt/ β-catenin activation plays a principal role in the self-renewal of liver TICs. Despite a deep understanding of Wnt/β-catenin regulation, the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Wnt/β-catenin activation and liver TIC self-renewal are largely unknown. Here, we performed unbiased screening of lncRNAs in liver tumorigenesis and found lncTIC1 was highly expressed with liver tumorigenesis. LncTIC1 was also highly expressed in liver TICs and required for the self-renewal of liver TICs. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhenzhen Chen, Lintong Yao, Yating Liu, Pingping Zhu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Express Non-Canonically Glycosylated IgG that Activates Integrin-FAK Signaling
It is increasingly recognized that many human carcinomas express immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules that are distinct from B-cell-derived Ig and play important roles in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of cancer-derived Ig remain elusive. Here, we report that lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cells frequently express high levels of cancer IgG (CIgG) that is specifically recognized by a monoclonal antibody RP215. RP215 recognizes CIgG via a novel epitope that involves an N-glycan modification at a non-consensus site within the CH1 domain. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jingshu Tang, Jingxuan Zhang, Yang Liu, Qinyuan Liao, Jing Huang, Zihan Geng, Weiyan Xu, Zhengzuo Sheng, Gregory Lee, Youhui Zhang, Jinfeng Chen, Liang Zhang, Xiaoyan Qiu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Mevalonate pathway blockage enhances the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors with the activation of retinoblastoma protein in renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy of kidney and remains largely intractable once it recurs after resection. mTOR inhibitors have been one of the mainstays used against recurrent RCC; however, there has been a major problem of the resistance to mTOR inhibitors, and thus new combination treatments with mTOR inhibitors are required. We here retrospectively showed that regular use of antilipidemic drug statins could provide a longer progression free survival (PFS) in RCC patients prescribed with an mTOR inhibitor everolimus than without statins (median PFS, 7.5 months vs. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Motoki Watanabe, Mahiro Iizuka-Ohashi, Isao Yokota, Seijiro Toriyama, Mamiko Sukeno, Mitsuhiro Tomosugi, Yoshihiro Sowa, Fumiya Hongo, Kazuya Mikami, Jintetsu Soh, Akira Fujito, Hiroaki Miyashita, Yukako Morioka, Tsuneharu Miki, Osamu U Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
CD146 mediates an E-cadherin-to-N-cadherin switch during TGF- β signaling-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Cadherin switch is an initiating factor of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is intimately correlated with cancer metastatic potential; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, using a transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β)-induced EMT model, we provide explicit evidence that CD146, with elevated expression and activity in a variety of cancers, is a key factor involved in the cadherin switch. We show that CD146 can be induced by TGF-β signaling. Moreover, CD146 expression is positively correlated with the activation levels of STAT3/Twist and ERK pathways. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - May 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yanbin Ma, Haofeng Zhang, Chaoliang Xiong, Zheng Liu, Qingji Xu, Jing Feng, Jun Zhang, Zhaoqing Wang, Xiyun Yan Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
