Cell surface vimentin –targeted monoclonal antibody 86C increases sensitivity to temozolomide in glioma stem cells
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive brain tumor. The current standard therapy, which includes radiation and chemotherapy, is frequently ineffective partially because of drug resistance and poor penetration of the blood-brain barrier. Reducing resistance and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy may improve outcomes. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are a source of relapse and chemoresistance in GBM; sensitization of GSCs to temozoliomide (TMZ), the primary chemotherapeutic agent used to treat GBM, is therefore integral for therapeutic efficacy. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hyangsoon Noh, Qingnan Zhao, Jun Yan, Ling-Yuan Kong, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Sungguan Hong, Xueqing Xia, Amy B. Heimberger, Shulin Li Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Delivery of MGMT mRNA to glioma cells by reactive astrocyte-derived exosomes confers a temozolomide resistance phenotype
In this study, we show that glioma cells stimulate normal human astrocyte (NHA) into reactive astrocyte (RAS) in a non-contact manner. Additionally, the amount of O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (MGMT) mRNA in exosomes (EXOs) released by RAS was significantly increased compared with that in non-reactive NHA. Importantly, MGMT-negative glioma cells can take up RAS-EXOs and acquire a temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant phenotype via the translation of exogenous exosomal MGMT mRNA both in vitro and in vivo. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tianfu Yu, XieFeng Wang, Tongle Zhi, Junxia Zhang, Yingyi Wang, Er Nie, Fengqi Zhou, Yongping You, Ning Liu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Prolactin signaling drives tumorigenesis in human high grade serous ovarian cancer cells and in a spontaneous fallopian tube derived model
The pathways responsible for tumorigenesis of high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) are still poorly understood. A human prolactin (PRL) like gene, Prl2c2 was amplified>100 fold in a spontaneous model of FTE-derived ovarian cancer (MOEhigh - murine oviductal epithelium high passage). Prl2c2 stable knockdown in MOEhigh cells demonstrated a significant reduction in cell proliferation, 2-dimensional foci, anchorage independent growth, and completely blocked tumor formation. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Subbulakshmi Karthikeyan, Angela Russo, Matthew Dean, Daniel D. Lantvit, Michael Endsley, Joanna E. Burdette Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The dual role of mast cells in tumor fate
The exact role of mast cells in tumor growth is not clear and multifaceted. In some cases, mast cells stimulate while in others inhibit this process. This dual role may be explained to some extent by the huge number of bioactive molecules stored in mast cell granules, as well as differences between tumor microenvironment, tumor type, and tumor phase of development. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Domenico Ribatti, Roberto Tamma Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Advances in Oncolytic Adenovirus Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer
Survival rates for pancreatic cancer patients have remained unchanged for the last four decades. The most aggressive, and most common, type of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which has the lowest 5-year survival rate of all cancers globally. The poor prognosis is typically due to late presentation of often non-specific symptoms and rapid development of resistance to all current therapeutics, including the standard-of-care cytotoxic drug gemcitabine. While early surgical intervention can significantly prolong patient survival, there are few treatment options for late-stage non-resectable metast...
Source: Cancer Letters - July 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Callum Nattress, Gunnel Halld én Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Deficiency of parkin suppresses melanoma tumor development and metastasis through inhibition of MFN2 ubiquitination
Parkin, a critical gene of Parkinson's disease, is involved in the development of numerous cancers. However, the effect of parkin deficiency on melanoma growth and metastasis has not been reported. We showed that the tumor size and number of surface lung metastases, and expression of tumor growth and metastasis marker proteins were significantly lower in parkin-KO mice than those observed in non-transgenic controls. In an in vitro study, we also showed that parkin siRNA inhibited cell growth and migration of B16F10 and SK-Mel-28 cells. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yong Sun Lee, Yu Yeon Jung, Mi Hee Park, In Jun Yeo, Hyung Sik Im, Kyung Tak Nam, Hae Deun Kim, Shin Kook Kang, Ju Koung Song, Yu Ri Kim, Dong-Young Choi, Pil-Hoon Park, Sang Bae Han, Jae Suk Yun, Jin Tae Hong Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Extracellular domain of EpCAM enhances tumor progression through EGFR signaling in colon cancer cells
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is highly expressed in colon cancers, but its role in cancer progression remains to be elucidated. In this work, we found that the extracellular domain of EpCAM (EpEX) activated EGFR and downstream ERK1/2 signaling to promote colon cancer cell migration and proliferation, as well as tumor growth. Mechanistically, we discovered that EpEX-EGFR-ERK1/2 signaling positively regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of EpCAM and shedding of the intracellular domain (EpICD). (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kang-Hao Liang, Hsien-Cheng Tso, Shao-Hsi Hung, I.-I. Kuan, Jun-Kai Lai, Feng-Yi Ke, Yi-Ting Chuang, I-Ju Liu, Yi-Ping Wang, Ruey-Hwa Chen, Han-Chung Wu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Tumor necrosis factor- α promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis through the activation of hepatic progenitor cells
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an inflammation-related disease. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α) is an important inflammatory factor and it has been confirmed to promote tumor growth and poor prognosis of HCC. Hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are thought to play an important role in liver injury and repair, as well as tumorigenesis. Chronic inflammation influences HPCs activation as well as differentiation. However, the mechanism is still unclear. In our study, the rat liver cancer model was constructed by DEN treatment, TNFR2-Fc fusion protein variant (TNFR2-FcV) and TNF-α-/- rats were used to dectect the role of ...
Source: Cancer Letters - July 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yingying Jing, Kai Sun, Wenting Liu, Dandan Sheng, Shanmin Zhao, Lu Gao, Lixin Wei Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
USP22 promotes resistance to EGFR-TKIs by preventing ubiquitination-mediated EGFR degradation in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma
As a newly discovered deubiquitinating enzyme, ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22) is predictive of therapeutic outcomes in individual cancer patients. However, its clinical effects on malignancy and its roles in conferring resistance to EGFR-TKIs (epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors) in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that USP22 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and contributes to resistance to EGFR-TKIs in EGFR mutant lung ADC cells. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Huijuan Zhang, Bing Han, Hailing Lu, Yanbin Zhao, Xuesong Chen, Qingwei Meng, Mengru Cao, Li Cai, Jing Hu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Erratum to “Resveratrol interrupts the pro-invasive communication between Cancer associated Fibroblasts and Cholangiocarcinoma cells” [Cancer Letters 430C (2018) 160–171]
The publisher regrets to inform the readers that in Figure 7, the Panel in the MIDDLE (E-cad) of the second group (relative to KKU-100) was reversed. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Suyanee Thongchot, Alessandra Ferraresi, Chiara Vidoni, Watcharin Loilome, Puangrat Yongvanit, Nisana Namwat, Ciro Isidoro Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
Integrated Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Analysis of Ovarian Cancer Reveals Epigenetically Silenced GULP1
Many epigenetically inactivated genes involved in ovarian cancer (OC) development and progression remain to be identified. Therefore, in this study we undertook an integrated approach that consisted of identification of genome-wide expression patterns of primary OC samples and normal ovarian surface epithelium along with pharmacologic unmasking strategy using 3 OC and 3 immortalized normal ovarian epithelial cell lines. Our filtering scheme identified 43 OC specific methylated genes and among the 5 top candidates (GULP1, CLIP4, BAMBI, NT5E, TGFB2), we performed extended studies of GULP1. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Leonel Maldonado, Mariana Brait, Evgeny Izumchenko, Shahnaz Begum, Aditi Chatterjee, Tanusree Sen, Myriam Loyo, Alvaro Barbosa, Maria Luana Poeta, Eugene Makarev, Alex Zhavoronkov, Vito M. Fazio, Roberto Angioli, Carla Rabitti, Mate Ongenaert, Wim Van Cri Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Integrin α5 down-regulation by miR-205 suppresses triple negative breast cancer stemness and metastasis by inhibiting the Src/Vav2/Rac1 pathway
In this study we found that miR-205 expression level is extremely low in basal mesenchymal-like highly migratory and invasive TNBC cells. Stably re-expressing miR-205 in TNBC cells significantly reduced their migration, invasion capability and cancer stem cell (CSC)-like property. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yajuan Xiao, Yunfei Li, Hua Tao, Brock Humphries, Aimin Li, Yiguo Jiang, Chengfeng Yang, Rongcheng Luo, Zhishan Wang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
IL6/STAT3 axis mediates resistance to BRAF inhibitors in thyroid carcinoma cells
Thyroid carcinomas (TCs) bearing BRAF mutations represent approximately 26 –53% of human thyroid malignancies and, differently from melanomas, are poorly sensitive to BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi), and develop acquired resistance through activation of alternative signaling pathways. A whole-genome gene expression analysis of TC BRAF V600E cells exposed to PLX4032 identified JA K/STAT among the most significantly modulated signaling pathways. Interestingly, both transient exposure and chronic adaptation to PLX4032 resulted in upregulation of IL6/STAT3 axis and this impaired the cytostatic activity of PLX4032. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tiziana Notarangelo, Lorenza Sisinni, Stefania Trino, Giovanni Calice, Vittorio Simeon, Matteo Landriscina Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Downregulation of lncRNA GAS5 confers tamoxifen resistance by activating miR-222 in breast cancer
This study investigates the role of lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. A microarray of lncRNAs was screened in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7R cells and the parental, non-resistant MCF-7 cells. Downregulation of lncRNA GAS5 was found in MCF-7R cells. Besides, decreased expression of GAS5 was found in breast cancer tissues, which was associated with advanced TNM stage and shorter overall survival time. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - July 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Juan Gu, Yueping Wang, Xuedong Wang, Daoping Zhou, Chaopeng Shao, Ming Zhou, Zhimin He Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - June 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
