Tetrandrine inhibits deregulated cell cycle in pancreatic cancer cells: Differential regulation of p21Cip1/Waf1, p27Kip1 and cyclin D1
In this study, we show for the first time that tetrandrine (TET) inhibits proliferation of the PaCa cells and inhibits PaCa tumor growth. TET inhibits cell cycle transition at G1/S boundary. TET increased levels of p21Cip1/Waf1 and p27Kip1, had no effect on the levels of CDK4/6 proteins and decreased the levels of cyclin D1 and pRb proteins. TET resulted in changes in mRNA levels of cyclin D1 and p21Cip1/Waf1 but had no effect on the mRNA of p27Kip1. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 29, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Karnika Singh, Qin Dong, Prakash S. TimiriShanmugam, Sweaty Koul, Hari K. Koul Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
MicroRNAs in type 2 immunity
Type 2 immunity drives the pathology of allergic diseases and is necessary for expulsion of parasitic worms as well as having important implications in tumor progression. Over the last decade, a new research field has emerged describing a significant link between type 2 immunity and cancer development, called AllergoOncology. Thus, type 2 immune responses must be carefully regulated to mediate effective protection against damaging environmental factors, yet avoid excessive activation and immunopathology. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kristina Johansson, Julie Weidner, Madeleine R ådinger Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Long non-coding RNA SNHG15 interacts with and stabilizes transcription factor Slug and promotes colon cancer progression
In this study, we presented a paradigm of this activity by identifying long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) that binds to and stabilizes Slug in colon cancer cells. LncRNA SNHG15 transcription is upregulated in a variety of human cancers according to The Cancer Genome Atlas. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hao Jiang, Tingting Li, Yi Qu, Xiang Wang, Bing Li, Jiagui Song, Xiaoran Sun, Yan Tang, Junhu Wan, Yu Yu, Jun Zhan, Hongquan Zhang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
IGF2 induces CD133 expression in esophageal cancer cells to promote cancer stemness
Failure to eradicate cancer stem cells (CSC) during primary therapy may lead to cancer recurrence. We recently reported that CD133 is a functional biomarker for CSCs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) but the molecular pathways critical for maintenance of CD133-positive CSCs are largely unknown. Here, we revealed that knockdown of IGF2 or treatment with PI3K/AKT inhibitors markedly inhibited the abilities of CD133-positive ESCC cells to self-renew, resist chemotherapeutic drugs, and form tumors. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wen Wen Xu, Bin Li, Jian Fu Zhao, Jing Ge Yang, Jun Qi Li, Sai Wah Tsao, Qing-Yu He, Annie L.M. Cheung Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
MicroRNAs in type 2 immunity
Type 2 immunity drives the pathology of allergic diseases and is necessary for expulsion of parasitic worms as well as having important implications in tumor progression. Over the last decade, a new research field has emerged describing a significant link between type 2 immunity and cancer development, called AllergoOncology. Thus, type 2 immune responses must be carefully regulated to mediate effective protection against damaging environmental factors, yet avoid excessive activation and immunopathology. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kristina Johansson, Julie Weidner, Madeleine R ådinger Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Mini-review Cancer Letters MicroRNAs in Type 2 Immunity
Type 2 immunity drives the pathology of allergic diseases and is necessary for expulsion of parasitic worms as well as having important implications in tumor progression. Over the last decade, a new research field has emerged describing a significant link between type 2 immunity and cancer development, called AllergoOncology. Thus, type 2 immune responses must be carefully regulated to mediate effective protection against damaging environmental factors, yet avoid excessive activation and immunopathology. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kristina Johansson, Julie Weidner, Madeleine R ådinger Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Long non-coding RNA SNHG15 interacts with and stabilizes transcription factor Slug and promotes colon cancer progression
In this study, we presented a paradigm of this activity by identifying long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) that binds to and stabilizes Slug in colon cancer cells. LncRNA SNHG15 transcription is upregulated in a variety of human cancers according to The Cancer Genome Atlas. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hao Jiang, Tingting Li, Yi Qu, Xiang Wang, Bing Li, Jiagui Song, Xiaoran Sun, Yan Tang, Junhu Wan, Yu Yu, Jun Zhan, Hongquan Zhang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
IGF2 induces CD133 expression in esophageal cancer cells to promote cancer stemness
Failure to eradicate cancer stem cells (CSC) during primary therapy may lead to cancer recurrence. We recently reported that CD133 is a functional biomarker for CSCs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) but the molecular pathways critical for maintenance of CD133-positive CSCs are largely unknown. Here, we revealed that knockdown of IGF2 or treatment with PI3K/AKT inhibitors markedly inhibited the abilities of CD133-positive ESCC cells to self-renew, resist chemotherapeutic drugs, and form tumors. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 28, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wen Wen Xu, Bin Li, Jian Fu Zhao, Jing Ge Yang, Jun Qi Li, Sai Wah Tsao, Qing-Yu He, Annie L.M. Cheung Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Accurate detection and quantification of epigenetic and genetic second hits in BRCA1 and BRCA2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer reveals multiple co-acting second hits
This study characterizes the second hit spectrum in BRCA1 and BRCA2-associated breast and ovarian cancers at both gene loci to investigate if second hit mechanisms are mutually exclusive or able to coincide within the same tumor. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mattias Van Heetvelde, Mieke Van Bockstal, Bruce Poppe, Kathleen Lambein, Toon Rosseel, Lilit Atanesyan, Dieter Deforce, Ivo Van Den Berghe, Kim De Leeneer, Jo Van Dorpe, Anne Vral, Kathleen B.M. Claes Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Basement membrane destruction by pancreatic stellate cells leads to local invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Stroma invasion is an important step in pancreatic cancer progression. However, how pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with ductal structure invades the surrounding stroma has not been clear. Here, we elucidated the mechanism of stromal invasion of PDAC, using organoids. From resected PDAC specimens, we established human PDAC organoids, which developed ductal and basement membrane (BM) structures. When the organoids were co-cultured with pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) in a collagen matrix, organoids lost their BM and ductal structures, and invaded collagen matrix more frequently than did mono-cultured organoids. (So...
Source: Cancer Letters - March 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kazuhiro Koikawa, Kenoki Ohuchida, Yohei Ando, Shin Kibe, Hiromichi Nakayama, Shin Takesue, Sho Endo, Toshiya Abe, Takashi Okumura, Chika Iwamoto, Taiki Moriyama, Kohei Nakata, Yoshihiro Miyasaka, Takao Ohtsuka, Eishi Nagai, Kazuhiro Mizumoto, Makoto Hash Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Immuno-modulators enhance antigen-specific immunity and anti-tumor effects of mesothelin-specific chimeric DNA vaccine through promoting DC maturation
As a tumor antigen, mesothelin (MSLN) can be identified in various malignancies. MSLN is potential for antigen-specific cancer vaccines. We generated a novel chimeric DNA vaccine using antigen-specific connective tissue growth factor lined with MSLN (CTGF/MSLN). The anti-tumor effects of the CTGF/MSLN DNA vaccine combined with anti-CD40 Ab and toll-like receptor 3 ligand –poly(I:C) were validated in an MSLN-expressing model. CTGF/MSLN DNA with anti-CD40Ab and poly(I:C) vaccinated mice demonstrated potent anti-tumor effects with longer survival and less tumor volumes. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yu-Li Chen, Ming-Cheng Chang, Ying-Cheng Chiang, Han-Wei Lin, Nai-Yun Sun, Chi-An Chen, Wei-Zen Sun, Wen-Fang Cheng Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Squalene epoxidase as a promising metabolic target in cancer treatment
Oncogenic alteration of the cholesterol synthesis pathway is a recognized mechanism of metabolic adaptation. In the present review, we focus on squalene epoxidase (SE), one of the two rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol synthesis, retracing its history since its discovery as an antimycotic target to its description as an emerging metabolic oncogene by amplification with clinical relevance in cancer. We review the published literature assessing the association between SE over-expression and poor prognosis in this disease. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gabriella Cirmena, Paola Franceschelli, Edoardo Isnaldi, Lorenzo Ferrando, Marilena De Mariano, Alberto Ballestrero, Gabriele Zoppoli Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Commentary regarding Gannon et al. “Viral infections and breast cancer – A current perspective”
In their review of studies which used “next-generation sequencing” (also known as whole genome sequencing) to identify oncogenic viruses expressed in the transcriptome of human breast cancers, Gannon and colleagues (2018) state “These next-generation sequencing efforts consistently failed to detect viral genomic material in breast cancer, thereby refuting a viral aetiology” [1]. This statement is misleading and the conclusion is inappropriate. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: James S. Lawson, Brian Salmons, Walter H. Gunzburg Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research
Accurate detection and quantification of epigenetic and genetic second hits in BRCA1 and BRCA2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer reveals multiple co-acting second hits
This study characterizes the second hit spectrum in BRCA1 and BRCA2-associated breast and ovarian cancers at both gene loci to investigate if second hit mechanisms are mutually exclusive or able to coincide within the same tumor. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mattias Van Heetvelde, Mieke Van Bockstal, Bruce Poppe, Kathleen Lambein, Toon Rosseel, Lilit Atanesyan, Dieter Deforce, Ivo Van Den Berghe, Kim De Leeneer, Jo Van Dorpe, Anne Vral, Kathleen B.M. Claes Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Commentary regarding Gannon et al. “Viral infections and breast cancer – A current perspective”
Based on their review of studies which used “next-generation sequencing” (also known as whole genome sequencing) to identify oncogenic viruses expressed in the transcriptome of human breast cancers, Gannon and colleagues (2018) state “These next-generation sequencing efforts consistently failed to detect viral genomic material in breast cancer, thereby refuting a viral aetiology” [1]. This statement is misleading and the conclusion is inappropriate. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: James S. Lawson, Brian Salmons, Walter H. Gunzburg Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research
