BBI608 inhibits cancer stemness and reverses cisplatin resistance in NSCLC
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While partial or complete tumor regression can be achieved in patients, particularly with cisplatin-based strategies, these initial responses are frequently short-lived and are followed by tumor relapse and chemoresistance. Identifying the root of cisplatin resistance in NSCLC and elucidating the mechanism(s) of tumor relapse, is of critical importance in order to determine the point of therapeutic failure, which in turn, will aid the discovery of novel therapeutics, new combination strategies and a strategy to enhance the effic...
Source: Cancer Letters - April 10, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lauren MacDonagh, Steven G. Gray, Eamon Breen, Sinead Cuffe, Stephen P. Finn, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Martin P. Barr Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Circular RNA ciRS-7 accelerates ESCC progression through acting as a miR-876-5p sponge to enhance MAGE-A family expression
As the most well-known circular RNA, ciRS-7 (also termed CDR1as) has been reported to act as a miR-7 sponge, resulting in reduced miR-7 activity and increased miR-7-targeted transcripts. Here, we showed that ciRS-7 is up-regulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and is associated with the poor clinicopathological parameters of ESCC patients. Moreover, over-expression of ciRS-7 increased the proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that ciRS-7 contains nineteen miR-876-5p binding sites and acts as a miR-876-5p sponge. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 7, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Meixiang Sang, Lingjiao Meng, Yang Sang, Shina Liu, Pingan Ding, Yingchao Ju, Fei Liu, Lina Gu, Yishui Lian, Juan Li, Yunyan Wu, Xiaochong Zhang, Baoen Shan Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Osteoblast-secreted WISP-1 promotes adherence of prostate cancer cells to bone via the VCAM-1/integrin α4β1 system
Bone metastasis is a frequent occurrence in prostate cancer (PCa) that is associated with severe complications such as fracture, bone pain and hypercalcemia. The cross-talk between metastatic cancer cells and bone is critical to the development and progression of bone metastases. In our previous data, we have described how the involvement of the Wnt-induced secreted protein-1/vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (WISP-1/VCAM-1) system in this tumor –bone interaction contributes to human PCa cell motility. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: An-Chen Chang, Po-Chun Chen, Yu-Feng Lin, Chen-Ming Su, Ju-Fang Liu, Tien-Huang Lin, Show-Mei Chuang, Chih-Hsin Tang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Simvastatin inhibits sonic hedgehog signaling and stemness features of pancreatic cancer
We examined several established and primary PDA and normal cell lines as well as PDA patient tissues (n = 68). We found that simvastatin inhibited viability, stemness, tumor growth and metastasis and that it enhanced the efficacy of gemcitabine. These changes were associated with modulation of Shh-related gene expression. Overexpression of Shh prevented the anti-cancer effect of simvastatin, and inhibition of Shh mimicked the simvastatin effect. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yefeng Yin, Li Liu, Zhefu Zhao, Libo Yin, Nathalie Bauer, Clifford C. Nwaeburu, Jury Gladkich, Wolfgang Gross, Thilo Hackert, Carsten Sticht, Norbert Gretz, Oliver Strobel, Ingrid Herr Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Polycomb complex protein BMI1 confers resistance to tamoxifen in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer
We report that BMI1 promotes tamoxifen resistance in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC). BMI1 overexpression conferred MCF7 and TD47 cells resistance to tamoxifen; BMI1 knockdown sensitized the process. In MCF7-derived tamoxifen resistant cells, BMI1 expression was upregulated and BMI1 knockdown reduced the resistance. BMI1 is an oncogene; its oncogenic activity is attributed to BMI1-stimulated E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, a p rocess that requires BMI1's ring finger (RF) domain. However, a BMI1 mutant without RF conferred tamoxifen resistance. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Diane Ojo, Xiaozeng Lin, Ying Wu, Jessica Cockburn, Anita Bane, Damu Tang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Polycomb complex protein BMI1 confers resistance to tamoxifen in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer
We report that BMI1 promotes tamoxifen resistance in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC). BMI1 overexpression conferred MCF7 and TD47 cells resistance to tamoxifen; BMI1 knockdown sensitized the process. In MCF7-derived tamoxifen resistant cells, BMI1 expression was upregulated and BMI1 knockdown reduced the resistance. BMI1 is an oncogene; its oncogenic activity is attributed to BMI1-stimulated E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, a process that requires BMI1's ring finger (RF) domain. However, a BMI1 mutant without RF conferred tamoxifen resistance. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Diane Ojo, Xiaozeng Lin, Ying Wu, Jessica Cockburn, Anita Bane, Damu Tang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Perspectives on the physiological roles of microRNAs in immune-metabolism: Where are we now?
To coordinate the dynamic functional regulation needed to maintain tissue homeostasis, the immune system requires precise control of cellular metabolic pathways [1,2]. Different activation statuses are associated with varying metabolic demands [3,4]. For example, while naive lymphocytes are relatively quiescent cells that require minimal cellular biosynthesis, activated lymphocytes are highly metabolically active, facilitating cellular proliferation and utilizing more energy for greater effector production [5,6]. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shuai Jiang Tags: Perspective Source Type: research
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cancer
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that do not have 5 ′ end caps or 3′ end poly (A) tails. There are more than one hundred thousand genes that encode circRNAs. Clinical data show that there are differences in the expression of circRNAs in a variety of diseases, including cancer, suggesting that circRNA has a regulatory effect on some diseases. Furt her studies reveal that circRNA can be used as an endogenous competitive RNA, thereby regulating the proliferation, invasion or other physiological activities of tumor cells. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ruoyu Zhou, Yuwei Wu, Wenxi Wang, Wenjia Su, Yicong Liu, Yumin Wang, Chunmei Fan, Xiaoling Li, Guiyuan Li, Yong Li, Wei Xiong, Zhaoyang Zeng Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
The roles of circRNAs in human cancer
It has been 40 years since circular RNA (circRNA) was found in RNA viruses [1]. Until now, more than one hundred thousand circRNAs have been discovered in cells [2], most of which have the characteristics of abundance and stability [3]. We divided circRNAs into the following three categories according to the source of the genome and multiple biogenesis patterns: circular intronic RNAs (ciRNA), exonic circRNA (ecircRNAs) and exonic-intron circRNAs (EIciRNA). CircRNAs were previously believed to be erroneous splicing processes that have no function [4]. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ruoyu Zhou, Yuwei Wu, Wenxi Wang, Wenjia Su, Yicong Liu, Yumin Wang, Chunmei Fan, Xiaoling Li, Guiyuan Li, Yong Li, Wei Xiong, Zhaoyang Zeng Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Perspectives on the physiological roles of microRNAs in immune-metabolism: Where are we now?
To coordinate the dynamic functional regulation needed to maintain tissue homeostasis, the immune system requires precise control of cellular metabolic pathways [1,2]. Different activation statuses are associated with varying metabolic demands [3,4]. For example, while naive lymphocytes are relatively quiescent cells that require minimal cellular biosynthesis, activated lymphocytes are highly metabolically active, facilitating cellular proliferation and utilizing more energy for greater effector production [5,6]. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shuai Jiang Tags: Perspective Source Type: research
Retraction notice to: Sensitization of squamous cell carcinoma to cisplatin induced killing by natural agents
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor in Chief. An investigation by Wayne State University identified a discrepancy between the data reported in Figures 5 and the original collected data. The investigation committee concluded that this undermined the scientific basis of the publication, that no credible replacement data were available, and advised that the publication should be retracted. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - March 30, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shadan Ali, Lalee Varghese, Lucio Pereira, Ozlem E. Tulunay-Ugur, Omer Kucuk, Thomas E. Carey, Gregory T. Wolf, Fazlul H. Sarkar Source Type: research
